Ixabiso kuba amathambo abantu. iimpawu skeleton

inkqubo Musculoskeletal wenza emzimbeni umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Le ukubana komzimba kwisithuba nokugcina ukwakheka kwalo, ukhuselo nezibilini kumonakalo ngoomatshini nokugcina ajongana. Ixabiso kuba amathambo lomntu enkulu. Oku sisiseko ngaphandle apho inkxaso kunye nentshukumo akunakwenzeka.

Biology: amathambo isakhiwo sayo kunye neempawu

Isiseko yenkqubo musculoskeletal yiseti kwamathambo - elimele. Xa abantu, kuba iqulathe iindawo ezininzi: lukakayi, esifubeni, esinqeni omzimba evakalala. Ubume zecandelo ngenxa kwilungiselelo nkqo umzimba esithubeni. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

Iindlela yoqhagamshelo ithambo

Kuxhomekeka imisebenzi eyenziwa yi amathambo oxhulumene ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. A uxhulumaniso esisigxina kuthiwa umthungo. Ngale ndlela, enxulumene onke amathambo intamo. A usana Parietal ithambo intamo libunjwa intlala, nto leyo ekugqibeleni indawo amathambo. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngexesha yokuzalwa kosana olungekazalwa kugqitha nezimxinwa ngokwaneleyo phecana zangasese. Ngenxa kule sakhiwo, yaba lukakayi unako yokutshintsha ububanzi bayo.

Ngoncedo lwe compound semi-uyivulele kunye namathambo lomqolo. Phakathi kwazo kukho umaleko cartilaginous ekwaziyo ucinezelo kunye nengxabano. Ngoko ke, ukuhamba nomqolo anqongophele. Loo isakhiwo zinezibonelelo wayo: intlala yenza amaqhuma ngexesha iintshukumo ngequbuliso.

iiyunithi Mobile ebizwa amalungu ithambo. skeleton Main yexabiso umntu kukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi motor. Lo msebenzi zinikeza. joint nganye iintloko ezimbini, Bathiwe wambu intlala. Ngaphandle kulo nesakhiwo ngakumbi mazikhuselwe philisi joint, ukuba ezithi nemisipha kunye nemisipha eziqhotyoshelweyo. Kwakhona ubalaselisa kwi ulwelo umngxuma eyodwa kunciphisa inkqubo kunobunye.

Ilunga engqinibeni uyakwazi ukususa kuphela kwicala elinye, Guqani - ezimbini. Esi umqondiso, nto leyo isisiseko yokuhlelwa kwazo. Kuxhomekeka inani imiyalelo of motion ahluka mnye -, ababini - amalunga axis ezintathu. Umzekelo wale mithandazo ephangweni.

skull

Amathambo entloko imelwe uxhulumaniso esisigxina ngamathambo. Kwaye kuphela imihlathi olusezantsi nako ukuhamba, ngoko sitya ukutya kunye nentetho.

Enye uphahlalamathambo ngabantu - ukukhuselwa. Amathambo yokakayi ukukhusela ingqondo umonakalo.

Le yinxalenye ngamathambo omntu yenziwa iinxalenye ezimbini: ubuso nobuchopho. Nabo ke, kuba iwele kunye namathambo single. Umzekelo, amacandelo likhulu kummandla yobuso ke malar kunye maxillary. Lilonke, inani lilonke liye amathambo 15. icandelo Ubuchopho ukakayi ngokusebenzisa umngxuma emva yomqolo inxibelelene ijelo. Ngenxa yoko, kuba ulwalamano kunokwenzeka zomzimba zobuchopho kwaye umnqonqo, nto leyo efunekayo ukwenzela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe ummiselo umbefu komzimba womntu.

ezinamathele skeleton

Yena bubonakaliswe umnqonqo kunye ezimbanjeni. ezinamathele skeleton lisebenza njengesiseko ukuba ezithi ibhanti omzimba evakalala eqhotyoshelweyo.

vertebra nganye iqulathe umzimba waso, kodwa kuqala kubo. Ibizwa ngokuba "Atlas" iquka nje ajike ezimbini. Kuye ezikhundleni zabo epistrophe iqhotyoshelweyo - sesibini kumqolo. Esi sakhiwo ivumela Akubuya intloko zabantu. Lilonke, le yinxalenye amathambo siquka 33-34 omqolo, ekusekeni ijelo em- leyo umnqonqo.

Ubume esifubeni ufaneleke igama layo. Ukhusela izibilini ukusuka ukothuka kunye deformation. Siqulathe ithambo tyaba kwentamo, 12 izibini iimbambo, leyo ziqhotyoshelwe kwalapho thoracic.

namabhanti skeleton

Kutheni unxibe ibhanti? Ukuze ugcine iimpahla. Ngoko zonke impendulo. Ngokufanayo, yalityatya ngokwamathambo umbhinqo, ebonelela ixabiso ebalulekileyo elimele. Umntu bacinge ngaphandle intshukumo. Iibhanti ukuba zibambene kwethambo ithambo imilenze simahla.

Upper - le clavicle kunye scapula. Ngu iibhanti ze imilenze aphezulu ziquka ithambo zangasese kunye sacral. ifomu Polusustav yokuqala, ebizwa a symphysis zikawonke wonke. Le sacrum iqulathe amathambo 5 edidekile, zibe omnye.

ezizitho Upper free

Yakhiwa iinxalenye 3: emagxeni, inyuke iye kunye esihlahleni. ukuba Bakha ngohlobo ukwenza amalungu. Ukuze ibe likhaba yi ihumerus kulungisiwe. Ngesa- lisekwa amathambo amabini: ulna kunye radius. Brush, zibuye zibe kwisihlahla owahlukileyo, Piast kunye phalanges.

Lilikhulu ezizitho free

Kule nxalenye yifemur ekwanti, lesiquluba unyawo. isakhiwo yabo iyafana kwiziphelo eliphezulu. Ngu isinqe uyanamathela yifemur - mde emzimbeni womntu. Le ligqudu iqulathe ezinkulu nezincinane lesiquluba. A stop - le tarsal, amadeo kunye phalanges.

Skeleton kanye bipedalism

Ukuthini ukuba amathambo ndoda ubomi bakhe, siye wafumanisa. Kodwa kukho nenye into ebalulekileyo. Zonke iimpawu ngamathambo omntu zinxulunyaniswa indawo yayo tyaba emajukujukwini.

Uluhlu "skeleton Human kunye neempawu nesakhiwo sayo ngenxa bipedalism" ubonisa oku ngokucacileyo.

Ukwehla kwi inxalenye ngaphambili yokakayi lu dityanisiwe ukunyuka umthamo ingqondo yomntu. uphuhliso yayo iye ngayo intetho kunye nophuhliso nekhono lokuhlaziya.

Ukufundwa - ukufunda imvelaphi yabantu, uthi ukuba ngenxa yeenkqubo mvelo. Omnye wemiba uqhuba - zivunywa. kubume bayo usendleleni yokuba ngenxa yokuba abantu abasindileyo, ukukwazi ukuvelisa izixhobo ezilula baze basebenze nabo. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa isakhiwo ezizodwa brush. izilwanyana Isifuba wazidiliza. Hamba imilenze ezimbini eziphilayo kunzima.

Ngoko ke, lo amathambo onazo zonke iimpawu eziyimfuneko pryahozhdeniya, ukubonelela ukukwazi ukutshintsha indawo kwiindawo ngamnye umzimba uphela emajukujukwini.