Isifo Periodontal: iimpawu, izinto, Pathogenesis, uxilongo, unyango kunye nothintelo. Ucalulo kwezifo periodontal

Xa kuvela ne kwisisu ngomlomo iingxaki, ezifana ezingemnandi ngoyaba utshintsho nzima kakhulu. Kungenxa yesi sizathu, ukuthintelwa unyango periodontal kwaye kwe izifo ziya kusoloko ezifanelekileyo. Ngapha koko, eli qela kwezifo eziqhelekileyo, bobabini abadala kunye nabantwana.

Yintoni ngumongo sifo

Ukuze mabaqonde le ngxaki, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo ukuya amagama ambalwa isitshixo. Ungaqala kunye periodontitis.

Eli gama lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela inyama olungqonge izinyo kwaye ukholosile itshixa kuyo emhlathini. Enyanisweni, sithetha malunga lungu periodontal (inxulumanisa umngxuma ithambo kwaye ingcambu izinyo), gingiva, izihlunu ithambo, inkqubo alveolar kunye nesamente ye yezinyo laso. Nikelani ingqalelo amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwithishyu, iyavakala ngenxa yokuba esi sifo arhabaxa ngamnye kubo ngokwahlukeneyo.

Njengokuba le nkqubo, egqajukelwa negalelo elonakalisayo iziqalelo pollosti ngomlomo, kwiimeko ezininzi, kukukrala lobume yonke okanye umcu udini gingival.

Ngobume bayo, izifo ezinxulumene iintsini, namazinyo, kusenokuba neoplastic, sisiba mandundu okanye arhabaxa.

Kuyabonakala ukuba isifo periodontal ibhekisa kudidi lwe ngxaki ixhaphakileyo apho izigulane kuza wamazinyo. Emva kokufunda data WHO, unokufunda le nto zilandelayo: olu uhlobo sifo kubantwana afumaneka kwi-80% amatyala kumazwe amaninzi. Abantu abadala basoloko kakhulu kufuneka ukujongana nale qela izifo.

izizathu

Kakade ke, iingxaki kunye iintsini kunye nezinye izicwili ngomlomo Awuveli bebodwa - ukuba negalelo ukuvela iinkqubo ezithile.

Ngokwezi imiba ethile enxulumene umyalezo weli qela izifo, bathi zingahlulwa ngokweendidi ezimbini eziphambili: zasekuhlaleni ngokubanzi. Eneneni ke lo uqweqwe, ukwenzakala, subgingival kunye tartar supragingival iziphene zakhe, amazinyo yokunqumbana ', mgaqweni kuthinjwe bridles ngolwimi nemilebe, njalo-njalo. D.

Nasiphi na isifo periodontal kaninzi ngenxa ukungalingani inkqubo yebhayoloji (ukubola karhulumente ulwelo ngomlomo).

Kakhulu ingakumbi imiba jikelele, kufuneka ukhankanye kukungabikho kweevithamini amaqela B, C, E. Ezi ntsilelo kuba nefuthe elibi kubume kunye nomsebenzi izicwili periodontal. Ukungabikho kwe iivithamini kuyimfuneko nako kunokubangela iingxaki ezifana eyayichasene protein, calcium kunye iphosphate, ekudleni futhi umzimba lipid. Akufuneki ngaphandle kwaye umngcipheko utshintsho organic kwaye kukwasetyenziswa yona wokudla, luvo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, yonyango, kunye neenkqubo luvo emzimbeni.

Kwenza ingqondo ukuze sinikele ingqalelo into yokuba isifo periodontal ukuze kube ngenxa yeengxaki ezifana yofuzo, negazi, negazi, utshintsho reactivity, immunodeficiency kunye nokuphazamiseka yenkqubo hormone.

alveolysis

Isiseko sesi sifo atrophic kunye nenkqubo dystrophic zomzimba periodontal. Kuba abanjalo isifo ingachazwa njengento kade, akukho zimpawu eqaqambileyo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, isifo periodontal kuboniswa ukungakhuseleki esineengcambu amazinyo okanye ukwanda okubonakalayo ubude babo ngenxa yokuhlawula yonke ngasezintsinini. Ngamanye amaxesha izigulane zintlungu kwi emazinyweni okanye ukurhawuzelela iintsini.

Treatment kunye nokuthintela izifo periodontal kulo mzekelo kunciphisa yeziphumo kwangumqondiso ngokusebenzisa arhente ezikhethekileyo okunyangayo. Oku kunokuba "Flyuogel", "Ftorlak" et al. Ngenxa yoko landa ubuntununtunu kwamazinyo isusiwe. Ugqirha kananjalo amisele automassazh kunye intsini. Oku kwenziwa ukuze baphumeze kukulungiswa ukuphazamiseka trophic. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusebenza vestibuloplasticheskie ezifanelekileyo, kodwa isiphumo yabo ayikwazi kungagcinwa. Kuyinto imiphumela nesinqumka kunokwenzeka uphawu.

unyango Entiotropnoe lisusiwe, ukususela ezibangela izifo periodontal unangoku ngokucacileyo ngokwenene.

Periodontitis and gingivitis

Xa sincokola ngayo ibonakalisa iingxaki ezinxulumene ancedisana zomlomo, zombini periodontitis, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le sisifo yokukrala abachaphazelekayo apho zonke iintlobo izicwili kwi emhlathini. Kuba imeko enjalo ukuba ukubukeka intshabalalo okuqhubekayo lithambo alveolar iinkuni umhlathi, kwaye kananjalo ukutshatyalaliswa compound periodontal.

Yona gingivitis, oko ingachazwa njengento inkqubo kwiintetho ezikralayo, nto leyo ibandakanya kuphela esikule udini gingival. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuchaphazela kuphela umphezulu gum kwithishyu.

Kubalulekile ukwazi malunghana ni mhaka ilandelayo: ezi ntlobo sifo zidla zihlobene. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nangokurhala, esavela inyama gingival ngokuhamba kwexesha kuchaphazela ezinye izinto zezakhiwo periodontal. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kufuneka ngoyaba uphethwe enjalo, njengoko gingivitis, kuba ke oko kunokukhokelela ingxaki kakhulu obuphathekayo.

Ukucacisa izinto ezibangela isifo periodontal, kufuneka ibe isiphumo kuqwalaselwe yonke oluntsonkothileyo zizathu, ngaphandle kunye nezo ziphuma ngaphakathi. Ngoko ke, ngokubhekisele gingivitis, amaxesha amaninzi kukhokelela kurhulumente yococeko yomlomo ukungahoywa efanayo, ekhokelela isimemezelo lwethathari ukubola abekwe.

Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuba amanyathelo ezisisiseko othintelo kungavimbela ukubonakala ingxaki kunokuba kakhulu.

gingivitis atrophic

Ukuqhubeka kunye iimpawu zesifo periodontal, kuyimfuneko ukuba banikele ingqalelo kule fomu kwesi sifo. Uqala kwisiqalo kwenkqubo esinganyangekiyo ukudumba ochaphazela yonke తీసివేయి Susa, yaye amanye amazinyo.

Kulo mzekelo, i isifo uba sakuba, kunye papilla non-alukho okanye Walungisa. Kule meko, isigulana uvakalelwa kukuba loo nto. Izikhalazo idla ngeentlungu babuthathaka okanye ukurhawuzelela okungephi ngasezintsinini.

gingivitis ezingapheliyo

Ucalulo kwezifo periodontal iquka utshintsho ezingalunganga kwi ubume kwizihlunu enjalo yomlomo.

Le ngxaki kubhaliwe ngokufuthi izigulane leengxaki kwinkqubo yokwetyisa okanye sentliziyo. Izizathu zale sifo zibandakanya intswelo omzimba, kwakunye nefuthe ngeemeko zokusingqongileyo, kuquka mveliso. Sithetha ilothe Ityhefu ezingapheliyo, mercury kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba sinikele ingqalelo iimeko zomsebenzi musa ukukucekisa neengozi yeziphumo kwezempilo kunokwenzeka.

Le Pathogenesis kwezifo periodontal yale hlobo kunciphisa ukuba sesichengeni zilandelayo ezibi zomzimba into evelayo nokopha ngexesha ihlamba reception ukutya okuqinileyo kwakunye umoya embi kunye a ukuzwa otshisayo.

Ukuphelisa gingivitis engapheliyo, kufuneka kuqala yokungenelela izinto ezinegalelo phambili kwesifo. Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kunye nococeko ngomlomo yobungcali. elifanelekileyo ukuba ukutya epheleleyo, ezigulela komzimba kunye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi rhoqo.

gingivitis Necrotizing wenze

Le yenye indlela enokuthabatha izifo arhabaxa periodontal. Lwandulelwe meko dysbiosis, kuncitshiswa kweelana kumzimba, gipoavitaminoz, umkhuhlane, emzimbeni, iingxaki ngumzimba, iimeko ezahlukeneyo uxinezeleko kunye angina.

Akukho ngozi iya kwazi ukuba kwimeko gingivitis phezu imvelaphi negazi, kuyimfuneko ukwenza isifo umahluko.

Unyango kubandakanya ukususwa ngokukhawuleza umthombo nangokurhala, amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba ayeke ifuthe layo yonke emzimbeni ngomlomo. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo Ukwehla ukunxila. Phakathi amanyathelo kuba nefuthe lasekuhlaleni, ungasebenzisa kususwe izihlunu necrotic, ntlungu kunye nonyango kunye neziyobisi antibacterial spectrum ezibanzi ezo iindawo iintsini, leyo ihlaselwe.

Musa ukulibala ngothintelo: ukuthintela ukwenzeka sifo kufuneka ukunqanda ukuvela izifo ezosulelayo, kwaye hayi ukuba balibazise unyango lwamazinyo kwiingxaki ezicacileyo.

periodontitis Focal yamacala

Abo banomdla uhlobo lwesifo periodontal, nangokurhala kule fomu ukutsala ingqalelo inyanzelekile.

Kakuhle eli ingxaki liye lancitshiswa ukoyiswa lonyulo izixhobo inkxaso kwamazinyo zokuqala osisigxina. Ukumqumbisa intsholongwane yesifo actinomycetes. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le ngxaki uzenza waziva kwezo abantwana babazali abathwali silwanyana ekhankanywe ngasentla.

Impendulo yokukrala kule meko ncinane, kodwa kukho ingcinezelo le impendulo amajoni omzimba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba womntwana lisekwa omzimba athile, evumela amazinyo esisigxina zilandelayo baya kuhlala benqabisekile.

Unyango lwesifo periodontal yale hlobo ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa antibiotics iintsuku ezingama-21 nangaphezulu, kwakunye Ukubanjwa zokungenelela zasekuhlaleni. Ethetha antibiotics ixesha elide, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba lo mqathango kuyimfuneko kuba magciwane eziyingozi ukungena kuphela kungena sulcus periodontal, kodwa kwipokotho periodontal kwaye nzulu izakhiwo ithambo kunye namalaphu. Le meko ezimbi kakhulu izinzile, kwaye ngoko ke ifuna ukuba sesichengeni elide.

Drug-resistant kunye periodontitis ngokukhawuleza phambili

Le ngxaki ngenxa microflora ezithile kweentlobo eziliqela. Ukuba ngaxeshanye kuchaphazela iintlobo ezininzi iintsholongwane, isiphumo ngasinye zinokukhuliswa, esa entshabalalweni inyama kunye kwezithandani le omzimba.

Xa kuqwalaselwa Pathogenesis kwezifo periodontal hlobo, isicwangciso isebenzayo ukunyanga unyango olunzulu elwa (iiveki ezi-3) kunye machining ngokucokisekileyo ezipokothweni periodontal.

Mhlawumbi uqhaqho. Kulo mzekelo, i ombaxa yangoku iya kuqhuba imisebenzi ukuba zenziwa kuphela emva kokuba isigulane liya kuthatha ikhosi epheleleyo yonyango isibulala-zintsholongwane.

Ukuze unyango yaba yimpumelelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuyimfuneko ekuqaleni ukuba ziqhube uphando lokujongisisa ekuzakuqalwa ngokuqulathwe biopsies zeethishu kwaye ezipokothweni periodontal.

izilonda Neoplastic of periodontal

Izifo iimpawu ezinjalo kwenza ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuqikelela ngenxa kuphuhliso sifo kuphela abantu ekuqaleni babe ukuthambekela ezinjalo.

Njengoko izinto ezibangela uphuhliso yamathumba kwethumba-ezifana izitshanguba, sikwazi shifts hormone. Kusenokuba, umzekelo, ukuqokelelela hormone ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ufikisa. Izizathu ngokuba ukuvela izitshanguba ithumba kwakhona ziquka nangokurhala, izigulo zangaphambili okanye impembelelo yeemeko ezibuhlungu ukuze ezingapheliyo indalo.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, oogqirha baye uwalungise esinye isizathu abonakalisa yale ngezifo njengoko izilonda neoplastic of periodontal. Kuyinto ukusetyenziswa esebenzayo steroid kubantu abatsha adla ngokusetyenziswa eklasini kwi abanxibe impahla kunye neminye imidlalo namandla.

Iindlela ukunyanga izifo periodontal kwimeko yalo ngezifo bancipha ukuphelisa nangokurhala, ukonzakala (phambi yokugqibela), kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukususwa yethishyu yene intsumpa. Surgery yindlela kakhulu angoku iSifo ezifana "gingivitis hypertrophic", "intlaka fibromatosis" yaye "mezhkornevyh granuloma".

Emva kotyando, kubalulekile ukulandela ngenyameko imigaqo yococeko yomlomo kunye nokusetyenziswa antibacterial, yaye siwabeka ekhethekileyo kubola.

Uxilongo lwe Disease Periodontal

Kwinkqubo loxilongo bakuthathele ingqalelo uhlobo kunye nobungakanani inkqubo, kwakunye umfanekiso zonyango ngokubanzi.

Xa kufikwa periodontitis, uxilongo umahluko kulo mzekelo iya swi ekuchongeni iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili, owosindiswa ngawo wena uyakwazi ukubona iqondo nobungozi besi sifo. Sithetha malunga resorption ithambo, zokuhamba zophendlo lwezifo amazinyo kunye nobunzulu kwipokotho periodontal.

Iifom Acute kunye okondeleyo ububanzi ezichongwe yi ezi mpawu zilandelayo: ukudumba kunye anozizi intlungu mucosal ithambo alveolar kwi nezinyo esithile ucinezelo okanye ohlafuna, nokungena kunye kukwehla isigulane ngokubanzi.

Njengoko bebubalaselisa isici esibonakalisa isifo periodontal yolu hlobo na kumiselwa kwawo la mathumba, ezivelayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. elokuqala lihambe, emva kweentsuku 5-7 akukho wumbi. Indawo ekuyo basondele eludinini gingival, kodwa umyalezo ayikho ipokotho parodentalnym.

Ukuzimisela gingivitis iintlobo ezahlukeneyo sele uchazwe apha ngasentla. Kodwa ngenxa uxilongo lweendawo zengozi, kule meko, ukongeza kumlinganiselo wentshabalalo periodontal, kuyimfuneko ukuseka inkalo etiological. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ilingane indlela uhlolo uphando eqhelekileyo. Emva kokuba imfuneko ingqalelo Pathogenesis kwesi sifo.

unyango

Enyanisweni, isifo kwaye afumane unyango lwesifo periodontal bancipha, ukuba ukuchonga iimpawu ezithile, ukuba ukujonga uhlobo esi sifo, iimpawu zayo, uze yokungenelela kukukrala kunye iimpawu ezibuhlungu.

Kodwa, kuxhomekeke kwimeko, iindlela ngokoyisa isifo inokuba nomahluko.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba baqonde ukuba njongo ephambili unyango - ukubuyiselwa kunye nokulondolozwa umsebenzi ukuhlafuna, kuqheleke nobuhle kwaye yokungenelela nefuthe elibi lweenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo ezifana emzimbeni xa iyonke, kwaye kwizihlunu ezithile periodontal.

Khetha indlela olunye ukuphembelela ngxaki ezingxamisekileyo kunzima kuba sisiphumo efunekayo liyakwazi ukunika unyango kuphela olubanzi sifo periodontal.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho iqela siseko engundoqo apho inkqubo yokulwa esisifo kwakhiwa. Le ngamnye, ukuntsokotha, pathogenetic kunye nonyango kobude. Ndlela kuqosheliswa inkqubo yonyango lwe eziliqela amanyathelo okubuyisela.

Ngokuphathelele kwiinjongo eziphambili, ebonelela periodontics lwezonyango, kuba zezi zilandelayo:

1. substantiation Pathogenetic.

2. Impembelelo amagciwane (etiological) factor.

3. Amanyathelo ejoliswe ekuthinteleni ukuqhubela phambili inkqubo etshabalalisayo.

4. Iziphumo zonyango kwi yonke inyama kwaye inyama ethile periodontal. Entiotropnoy therapy umongo kule meko ukususa sisiseko oonobangela esi sifo.

5. Ukubuyiselwa lweempawu ezisebenzayo morphological of periodontitis.

ekhoyo ngoku amalungiselelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo elwa ukuba iqondo ezinqwenelekayo nempembelelo, ezo zithiwe thaca ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo (imisonto, ijel, elixirs, iipleyiti, namafutha aqholiweyo, kunye nabanye.). Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokungakhethi-arhente ezo mandundu isifo periodontal abantwana kunye nabantu eliqina, ebangela uphuhliso candidiasis yomlomo kunye nokuhlukunyezwa microbiocenosis ngomlomo.

Kungenxa yesi sizathu, emva kokuba afunyaniswe isifo kwaye afumane unyango isicwangciso lobungcali kufuneka ugqirha abafanelekayo okwaziyo ukuthatha ingqalelo zonke iimpawu ngamnye yomguli ukuba ngezifo periodontal. Ezi mpawu ziquka ixesha sifo, imeko jikelele yesigulane, unyango, leyo kuthwalelwa phandle phambi, iziphumo kunye nezinye izinto.

Ngokomzekelo, ifuthe gingivitis catarrhal. Okokuqala zonke isigulana zifundisa yococeko efanelekileyo ngomlomo, emva ukususwa uhlobo izinto zasekuhlaleni kukucaphukisa. Oku kunokuba ukuzaliswa wamazinyo, ukubola, kunye nokubuyiselwa ngongoma zoqhagamshelwano, kwakunye nokususwa neplaque yamazinyo.

Isigaba esilandelayo unyango, nto leyo eya kunceda ekupheliseni isifo periodontal, ukuba sifeze kwanonyango anti-ukudumba zasekuhlaleni, apho ukusetyenziswa isicelo amayeza esintu. unyango ukuyifundisa kwimeko catarrhal gingivitis iza kuphucula microcirculation. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, isigulana ingabonakaliswa electrophoresis, iintsini yokuthanjiswa kunye nezinye iinkqubo.

Xa kuboniswe ukupheliswa yobume ngokungafanelekanga kwamazinyo, zomzimba ezithambileyo zophuhliso kunye umthamo kunokwenzeka. Kulo mzekelo, kunokunceda kakhulu amayeza. Umzekelo, ijeli iqulathe amacandelo ukuba sibe nefuthe sezingeni eliphezulu nezinyangayo. Iindlela izicelo nzima: emva nomda kubola gingival igqityiwe, izinyo zodwa yakho usebenzisa rolls umqhaphu, kulandele iyoma kwayo. Ukwenza elisetyenziselwa isirinji okanye gel nesimbo. Njengoko indawo isicelo gingival esikhethiweyo sulcus okanye gingiva ebekiwe.

Kucetyiswa ukusetyenziswa Keratoplasty isizukulwana esitsha iintsuku 3-5 emva kokuqala kwesi sifo. Umphumo iya kuba nokukhuthaza iinkqubo reparative.

iziphumo

Uthintelo kunye nonyango lwesifo periodontal le ngezifo libalulekile kubantu abaninzi, ngokuba izicwili isifo ngomlomo ziphazamisa abantu kumaqela yobudala ahlukeneyo rhoqo. Ukuze kujongwane gingivitis, periodontitis kunye nezinye nezifo ezifana nayo, kufuneka balandele ngokusisigxina imithetho nococeko yomlomo kunye nokhathalelo imeko lomzimba xa iyonke. Ukuba, ke, iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo, kungcono ukuya kugqirha, ngoko kukho amathuba apho neutralization ngokukhawuleza ngxaki sele sibonile.