Isakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo: imbali, inkcazo

Le oluntsonkothileyo izakhiwo Moscow yesicelo yenye yezinto ezinomtsalane kwikomkhulu Russian. Kuyimfuneko ukuba beze ubuncinane kanye zonke ngabakhenkethi abandwendwele lo mzi emangalisayo. Kodwa yonke kwisakhiwo bokwakha, leyo ngoku imyuziyam, limi ngaphandle kwesakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo. Amafoto yale isakhiwo zankulu rhoqo tshe isematheni. Kwaye bonke ngenxa yokuba kule sakhiwo kwaku izindlu abasebenzi uMongameli Russian. Standart, flying kwi yeflegi ngaphezu kwawo kwesakhiwo isebenza luphawu sokumiswa Russian. Ndingakwazi ukumfunela e Yeengwevu Palace isivakashi eqhelekileyo? Ngubani na ke umbhali wale wobugcisa wezakhiwo? Oku uya kufunda kweli nqaku.

Imbali ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa

Ngowe-1775, ebudeni bolawulo uCatherine II, le mithetho kwenzeka eRashiya. IQumrhu yeengwevu - sakhiwo liphezulu kwamandla karhulumente we ubukhosi yasekwa. UCatherine II wagqiba kwelokuba wamqhuba ukususela ngoko eyinkunzi, eSt Petersburg, eMoscow. Kulo mba, yena wakhupha umthetho ukwakhela kwintsimi isakhiwo esitsha incwadi yesicelo kaThixo ngenxa yale mzimba ezibalulekileyo zoluntu. Le nxalenye wawuyinyhweba yomzi ngelo xesha exineneyo kwakhiwa. Urhulumente uthenge abathetheli Baryatinsky Trubetskoy kunye ezingxandeni zawo. Kodwa ke indawo libekelwe uKumkanikazi kwesakhiwo yeeNgwevu incwadi yesicelo, akuzange kube lula kakhulu ukwakhiwa. Kunoko, kwakufuneka indlela ekhethekileyo womzobi. Yaba iqonga olunxantathu, engena phakathi uMenzi Monastery, Arsenal kunye nodonga yesicelo. Ngenxa yoko, ababini kuphela abakhi bayithwala isicwangciso: MF Kazakov kunye KI engenanto. Kukhuphiswano Ndaphumelela idrafti yokuqala.

zokwakha

Ngomhla ukwakhiwa ibhotwe ukuze amasebe olawulo kunye nezigwebo yeeNgwevu kuthetha wasindisa. abasebenzi luhlawuliswa ukusuka kwishumi ukuya kumashumi amathathu anesithandathu engange - ngelo xesha imali eninzi. Ukwakhiwa lwaqhutywa ukusukela ngo-1776. Imisebenzi kweliso ngokwakhe Matvey Kazakov. isakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo iye thaca kwinkundla uCatherine Omkhulu ngo-1790. Ngosuku loviwo, waba wavuya kunene, wamnika Kazakov amabini amawaka, anamanci mane engange ipenshoni ubomi bakho bonke. Umakhi ngokwenene wenza umsebenzi herculean. Iprojekthi yakhe yebhongo wothuka abakhi baze baba. Kuthiwa ukuba abasebenzi bala ukurhoxisa inkxaso emithini, ngenxa yokoyika ukuba oko kuya kuwohloka, njengoko egcinwe ngomaleko isitena. Ukukhuthaza abakhi Kazakov wema phezu kwendlu. Ekuqaleni, lo lwesakhiwo weNdlu yeeNgwevu yasebhotwe ihonjiswe kunye nomfanekiso samahashe Georgiya Pobedonostsa. It ngo-1812 emva kokuba kuthinjwe eMoscow dismantle kuhluthwa kwanoko naye eFransi, amajoni uNapoleon kunye. Emva koko, lo mfanekiso indawo ngasentsikeni uphawu kwamandla waseRoma yaye igama "uMthetho" njengoko iNdlu Yeengwevu Palace waqalisa ukuba zibekwe amaziko egwebayo. Emva kokuba October Revolution ka-1917, elo uThixo amajukujuku efakiweyo yeflegi - kuqala ngelaphu ebomvu, yaye ngoko, ukususela ngo-1991, kunye tricolor Russian.

isakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo: indlela izakhiwo

Cossacks zamakhela ibhotwe kunye iliso ngoko abasemagunyeni oluntu abasebenza apho. Esi sakhiwo bekufanele ukuba kudibanisa iimbono womda umthetho nobulungisa. Ngoko ke, umakhi arhola bakhuthazwa intloko izimiso kudala yamandulo. Uqwalaselo elingunxantathu yonke ebhotwe igcwele kwi inxalenye twatsa izakhiwo ezimbini. Yayixakekile kwaye sikubeke isakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo, indlela yayo lwalo ebalaseleyo classicism, abizwa yandile ubude kwaye ecaleni Arsenal. Palace angles of aqingqiweyo. Kuzo zontathu olungaphambili kwesakhiwo, kukho nezingqameko loloyiso, izinto eziphambili apho lokuvula kwi iNdlu Yeengwevu Square, ukuba ihonjiswe kunye Ionic kwivaranda Troff emine kunye pediment.

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi komkhulu

Eyona njongo iphambili yale wobugcisa bokwakha ngokungathandabuzekiyo iholo angqukuva. Yayakhelwe ukuba wabanumzana, wabizwa intlanganiso yokuqala White. Ngoko, xa isakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo ngo ngo1856, wafudukela kwisebe enkundla, ukuba igama uCatherine. Le gumbi setyhula phantsi kwawo kukuba Shohinskaya marble ngezinyuko, ihonjiswe kunye nezibane umgangatho eqingqiweyo Themis. Ke kaloku, le holo liyaqhubeka ukwenza umsebenzi wayo - apha intlanganiso karhulumente.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba atyelele isakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo

Kakade ke, kukho ibhotwe kunye nezinye izakhiwo. Emva ngoNovemba 1917, xa eMoscow kwakhona saba likomkhulu kweli lizwe, urhulumente waseSoviet ukuba ahlale kwisakhiwo Yeengwevu. Kule minyaka 1918-1922 ibhotwe kwaku zokuhlala kunye ofisi V. I. Lenina. Emva kokufa senkokeli olululo kwisakhiwo Yeengwevu wahlala I. V. Stalin. Museum "Ikhabhinethi of Lenin" yenziwa ngo-1955. Apho ke ixesha elide. Kodwa xa ngo 1994 ebumelwaneni abahlala ezindlini abasebenzi Mongameli Russian Federation, lo mboniso wafuduselwa myuziyam "uLenin ezindulini". Kukho ke nezinye izinto izakususwa era kuloo minyaka.

Yokuhlala uMongameli of Russia

It iqulathe iiyunithi ummeli kunye noshishino. Le yokugqibela kuquka ii-ofisi ka Mongameli Russian Federation, abancedisi zayo, ithala leencwadi kunye neentlanganiso leBhunga lezoKhuseleko namanxeba. Amfilada inxalenye ummeli ivula kwiholo lwaseburhulumenteni okanye Ambassadorial. Igama kungenxa yokuba ngolu gumbi ukufumana abathunywa bamanye amazwe. Igama yesibini sisuka kophawu iingalo Russian Federation, kunye leyo zinokuhonjiswa igumbi. Ummeli we phantse bonke abahlala kweso sakhiwo yeeNgwevu le Moscow yesicelo. Ngaphandle Catherine Hall sele sitshilo, ifumaneka apha kwaye ofisi phambi njengoMongameli Russian Federation. elinye igama layo - igumbi Small okanye elimbhoxo.