Inqaku: ukugxothwa ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka

Ukupheliswa ubudlelwane emsebenzini ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukuzithemba ngakwicala umqeshi wakhe wangaphambili - inkqubo esemthethweni olubonelelwa ngumthetho, ibe yindlela esebenzayo ukukhupha abasebenzi abagxekayo. amatyala ukugxothwa ngokunxulumene nelahleko yokuqiniseka ngoku amaninzi zifumaneka kusenziwa umsebenzi. Ukusebenzisa le isizathu esisemthethweni, kubalulekile ukuba amalungiselelo ngokufanelekileyo kwisigaba ngasinye ukugxothwa, njengoko nakuphi na ukunyhashwa ezenziwa ngethuba le nkqubo, ukuze babe isizathu lwezimangalo kunye nomsebenzi wangaphambili. Isiphumo isilingo kuba ingqalelo intshukumo lomqeshi akwamkelekanga kwaye mthethweni, kunye iziphumo ukuchacha kwindawo enye umsebenzi kwaye (okanye) utshintsho kwincwadi umsebenzi umqeshwa ugxothwe. ukuba kwenziwa njani na inkqubo yokugxothwa ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka? Ngubani na ke ngubani na kugxothwa umsimelelo phezu kwesi siseko?

Isiseko kunye nezimo ekugxothweni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kufikwa ukupheliswa kwezivumelwano zengqesho ngenxa intembeko ezilahlekileyo, isizathu soku isiqendu 7 Inqaku 81 le-Code Yabasebenzi. Nceda uqaphele ukuba agxothwe umqeshwa ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka kuyavumeleka phantsi kwale miqathango ilandelayo:

• Kukho ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba umqeshwa wenza isenzo enetyala ukuba yaba nelahleko yokuqiniseka. Ngezenzo enjalo inokuquka ubusela, ekonakaleni olungqiniweyo, nokungahoywa izinto eziphathekayo uyiphathisiweyo ngumqeshwa, Ukufihlwa kweenkcukacha malunga ingeniso okanye irekhodi yolwaphulo-mthetho zoqoqosho njalo njalo. Uluhlu iyonke iquka izenzo Code Labour (bona. P. 7.1 kunye isiqendu 7, umba 81). Ukugxothwa ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka kufuneka ukubonisa ngethuba kophando esemthethweni. Zibandakanye ne umqeshwa lolawulo (yolwaphulo-mthetho) ityala kuyimfuneko.

• Loo lesiseko, inqaku "Ukuchithwa ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka" linokusetyenziswa kuphela kumntu abasebenzi ukukhonza (ephumeza umsebenzi yokugcina, ezithutha, ukufumana, ekukhutshweni, njalo njalo) aseti eziphathekayo, ingakumbi imali. Le meko kufuneka igcinelwe ukuba umqeshwa uxwebhu, ngokusekelwe iingongoma ezithile ikhontrakthi yabasebenzi (isivumelwano), inkcazelo yomsebenzi, izivumelwano malunga ubutyala ezipheleleyo (esihlanganyelweyo okanye umntu) kunye nezinye. Lo mgaqo isebenziseka amatyala agxothwe kwimihlaba ekusetyenzwe ngayo kweli nqaku mhlawumbi kakhulu badlwengulwe. Imizekelo ekugxothweni "kumhlathi wesixhenxe" abasebenzi kwizikhundla ezifana zincwadi oyintloko, yezoqoqosho kunye mali. amagqwetha abanamava bacebisa ukusetyenziswa "nelahleko yokuqiniseka" ngokunxulumene kolu didi abasebenzi ngenyameko enkulu, ugxininise yokuba ukuba imisebenzi umsebenzi owabelwe ukuba ukudibana ngqo kunye nemali, owayengumphathi ukusebenza okanye accountant, umzekelo. Ukungabikho izibophelelo ezinjalo uvakalelwa "ezimali" kukhokelela kwinto yokuba umsebenzi owayesakuba wenkundla ngokukhawuleza nangokulula kwakhona ngumqeshi endaweni yakhe okanye ufumane imbuyekezo efunekayo.

• Ukuba ukulahlekelwa umqeshi ngayo trust kuye kwenzeka ngenxa yemisebenzi enxulumene nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yomsebenzi, ukugxothwa komsebenzi ngokunxulumene nelahleko yokuqiniseka nazo ziya kuthathelwa ingqalelo njengendlela ngesohlwayo yoluleko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, imfuno sokuphela komsebenzi kule mihla iya kuba ukuthotyelwa ngqongqo onke amanqanaba inkqubo isohlwayo yoluleko ngaphakathi imiqathango emiselwe le njongo.

Ukugxothwa ukusuka kwinkonzo karhulumente okanye umkhosi

Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukugxothwa ngenxa yokungabikho intembelo singenziwa kuphela ngokusekelwe inqaku phezulu, ukusetyenziswa komthetho federal onxulumene umsebenzi othile. Umzekelo, oku kusebenza abantu abaqeshwe kwinkonzo karhulumente, zokunyanzelisa umthetho, okanye kwimibutho yabenza umsebenzi oqeqeshelweyo emkhosini.

Xa siqwalasela ekugxothweni ijoni ngokunxulumene nelahleko yokuqiniseka, ngoko ukupapashwa komyalelo kule meko kufuneka akhokelwe yi-Regulations on emkhosini, ezizezi indawo ngokomyalelo nokugxothwa ijoni. amabango Ngokusekelwe. . 1 d, amalungu ama-2 ka-3, kukho serviceman ukuze agxothwe kunye amagama "ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka" ukuba:

• Musa ngokwazi ezinokunikezelwa (okanye ngaphandle, engaphelelanga engeyizizo) ulwazi malunga nengeniso kunye impahla umsebenzi, umfazi wakhe kunye nabantwana abancinane.

• A ijoni uphumeza nawuphi na umsebenzi ishishini.

• A Ijoni inxaxheba kulawulo lombutho yorhwebo sisananelo intlawulo yemali, kwakunye kwimeko kwemisebenzi entsimini kulawulo okanye namanye amaqumrhu imibutho engenzi-nzuzo amazwe. Ezi zizathu ukuba agxothwe eziliqela ngaphandle, zonke ezo zichazwa nguMthetho Federal (uguqulelo wokwenene) "Xa Duty Military kunye neNkonzo Military."

• Kukho ityala bokusilela ukusombulula (ukuthintelwa) conflict of interest, omnye amaqela apho yena a ijoni. Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona angagxothwa, kwaye umphathi, lowo uyazi into umdla ayamileyo, akukho manyathelo ithinjiwe.

amalungiselelo efanayo elawula ngokugxothwa isiseko ngenxa nelahleko yokuqiniseka, kukho uMthetho Federal "Kwi-Ofisi yoMtshutshisi", "On zamaPolisa" yaye "On Service Civil State" njalo-njalo. Jikelele, nangona kunjalo, uhlala uhlab ityala kubasebenzi umlilo kunye nokunamathela ngokungqongqo nemihla kunye neenkqubo agxothwe.

Xa akunakwenzeka ukuba kuchithwe?

Nokuba a kakubi ubungqina bokuba ngokupheleleyo, ukuba ukugxothwa ngokunxulumene nelahleko yokuqiniseka akuvumelekanga:

• Malunga umfazi okhulelweyo.

• Ngeli xesha lokungabikho yomqeshwa (ezirentwayo okanye esibhedlele) okwethutyana. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ukuba ulinde de umsebenzi ubuyela imisebenzi emigudwini yakhe.

• Kukho kwakhona uthintelo ekugxothweni umntwana: ukugxothwa ngenxa yokungabikho intembelo kuya kufuneka avumelane kunye neSebe asekuhlaleni lezabaSebenzi Ukuhlolwa ummeli weKomishoni malunga nemicimbi namantshontsho.

Amanqanaba kweenkqubo nokugxothwa

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ngokunxulumene ekugxothweni nelahleko yokuqiniseka ukuba amacala ekwenzeni imisebenzi ngqo, i-Code lezeMisebenzi isebenza amanyathelo oluleko (Art. 192). Malunga nalo nokupheliswa kwengqesho ngokwesiseko kokuqwalaselwa ziya kuqhutywa ngokungqinelana nenkqubo ecaciswe kwiSiqendu 193 soMgaqo-RF LC. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuze yokugxothwa ngokunxulumene kunye nelahleko yokuqiniseka:

• Ukufumana nokulungiswa amanyathelo unetyala umsebenzi.

• Ukuqhuba uphando esemthethweni.

• Fumana inkcazelo ebhaliweyo evela umqeshwa (ukusilela ngokusesikweni amanqaku acacisayo).

• UMthetho kwiziphumo (iziphumo) zophando esemthethweni.

• Ukukhutshwa odolo.

• Ukugxothwa.

Imihla ukugxothwa kwi kwizizathu nelahleko yokuqiniseka

Yimeko ebalulekileyo ulawulo lomthetho inkqubo ukugxothwa iya kuba ukupheliswa isivumelwano sengqesho ngaphakathi osikiweyo umiselwe le nemithetho yabasebenzi.

Faka ukugxothwa ngokunxulumene nelahleko yokuqiniseka kuyavumeleka ingaphelanga inyanga enye ukususela kwixesha xa kakubi umqeshwa yatyhilwa. Ngeli thuba ayibandakanyi:

• Ixesha elifunekayo ukulungelelanisa isigqibo ngokugxothwa wombutho wabasebenzi (ukuba kukho umzimba omele).

• Amaxesha yokungabikho lomqeshwa enetyala emsebenzini (iintsuku abagulayo nangeeholide).

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba asebenzise amanyathelo oluleko (kulo mzekelo yokugxothwa) kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukususela kwimini xa izenzo banetyala sizibophelele. Ezi nketho kukho iziphene ziyabonakalaliswa uphicotho-zincwadi okanye ukuqinisekiswa zemali kunye noqoqosho: kulo mzekelo - akukho nexesha kwiminyaka emva kweminyaka emibini.

Uphando yangaphakathi: isiseko, amaxwebhu

Iintshukumo umsebenzi obangela umonakalo okanye kudala ingozi umonakalo amaxabiso eziphathekayo yomqeshi, kufuneka zibhalwe uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni: isenzo-inventri, ingxelo abasebenzi (lwaseburhulumenteni) phawula umphathi ngoko nangoko, senze ukunqongophala ezichongiweyo njalo-njalo. Olu xwebhu sisiseko ekuqaleni uphando lwaseburhulumenteni, injongo - mhlawumbi uqinisekise ityala womqeshwa, okanye ukumisela ukuba umsulwa.

Igunya ukuqhuba uphando lwaseburhulumenteni ephathiswe umsebenzi okhethekileyo. uphando, i iKhomishini esekwe umyalelo yombutho, equka izizathu ukusebenza uphando lwangaphakathi, iinkcukacha kumalungu ikhomishini (Igama elipheleleyo, isihloko, uluhlu kwamagunya), ubude njalo njalo. Le khomishini kananjalo kufuneka ibandakanye amalungu awunamdla kwiziphumo zophando uqobo, kodwa ngobuchule ezaneleyo ukuqonda iimeko ukoniwa.

IKhomishoni ngendlela ngexesha unyanzelekile, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuba zenze i-inventri, ngokunjalo isicelo nokulungiselela amaxwebhu aya kuba bubungqina yobugwenxa umsebenzi. Nasiphi na isenzo esithathwe ngethuba uphando lwaseburhulumenteni kufuneka zibhalwe izenzo okanye igosa iimemoranda, izatifikethi, iiprotokoli. Ukongeza, umsebenzi nothumo - ukufumana ingcaciso evela umsebenzi.

Ingcaciso okanye ukwala ukuba achaze umsebenzi

Le mfuneko umqeshwa ukuba ukunika ingcaciso malunga isibakala betyala kucetyiswa ukuba wenze i uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni kwi umbutho kwaye akhulule utyikityo lwe umsebenzi. Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, ezifana Ukuba umsebenzi uyala ukusayina, engqina kokufumana isicelo, nokwalelwa kufuneka benze inkcazo. Le mfuneko ukuze umsebenzi ngexesha elifanayo awukwazi kuphela buqu, kodwa ukuthumela imeyile, imeyile ebhalisiweyo.

Ngokwenkqubo jikelele enikwe yokuqeshwa isohlwayo soluleko, ukubonelela ingcaciso umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe iintsuku ezimbini zomsebenzi. Ukuba enaningenzelwanga, isenzo (hayi ukunika okanye ukwala ukuba anike umqeshwa inkcazo) kufuneka sibhalwe ukuya ekupheleni kwale ingcaciso kwikota.

Iziphumo eKhomishini

Isiphumo iKhomishini le kufuneka senze iziphumo zophando. Olu xwebhu kufuneka siqulathe:

• Ukuphela uphando esemthethweni.

• Ulwazi malunga ngamalungu eKhomishini.

• Ukuze abasebenzi inxaxheba kuphando olusemthethweni.

• Ingxelo yeemeko wakhonza namkhusane uphando lwaseburhulumenteni, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iqondo ityala kunye nomthwalo letyala.

• Ubungqina iintshukumo unetyala umqeshwa (okanye ubungqina exculpatory) njenge luluhlu lwezicelo.

• Utyikityo yamalungu ekomiti.

Ukugxothwa zezenzo akazalani ekuphunyezweni kwemisebenzi zabasebenzi

Ukupheliswa ubudlelwane emsebenzini kunye nomqeshwa, kwimeko xa isizathu nelahleko yokuqiniseka izenzo hayi onxulumene enza ngayo umsebenzi wakhe umsebenzi, lo mthetho awusebenzi amanyathelo oluleko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, nokupheliswa inkqubo yengqesho lula kakhulu: Akukho mfuneko ukuba aqhube uphando lwangaphakathi, kwaye ke ixesha elibekiweyo apho kufuneka kugqitywe kwi ukugxothwa ukuya kunyaka omnye ukususela kumhla xa umqeshi lazisiwe kusini na umqeshwa mthetho. Le ngxoxo kuba ukugxothwa unako ukukhonza ikopi yoxwebhu kokuqinisekisa womsebenzi kakubi ngabom, umzekelo, ikopi umgwebo.

Kulo mzekelo, nokupheliswa umsebenzi kufuneka kwenziwe ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-nkqubo osekwe uMthetho Labor

oda

Ukuba ngenxa phicotho, iKomishoni kaThixo, kwagqitywa ukuba kuchithwe ngenxa

Ukugxothwa ngenxa yokungabikho ukuzithemba wenza ukupapashwa odolo ezimbini:

• Hlela ngokusetyenziswa isohlwayo soluleko. Olu xwebhu ayiqulathanga kuphela ingcaciso efunekayo malunga umqeshwa (Igama, Igama Lokugqibela, indawo, njl), kodwa kwakhona inkcukacha malunga ukwaphulwa komthetho, ezicacisa amalungiselelo kwezivumelwano ezidityanelweyo abasebenzi kunye namanye amaxwebhu omthetho lombutho, kwaphulwa ngenxa kakubi yomqeshwa, iimeko kunye neqondo letyala. Zingadlulanga iintsuku ezintathu, umqeshwa makangenise utyikityo phantsi komyalelo. Kwimeko yokusilela umsebenzi ukusayina, bazobe i ingxelo ukwala, nto leyo kungqinwa iisiginitsha amalungu ikhomishini.

• Umyalelo yokugxothwa. Ipapashwe ngokubhekiselele iinkcukacha ngokomyalelo amanyathelo oluleko. Isizathu sokuba ukugxothwa iboniswe ngokungqinelana nomhlathi 7 weSiqendu 81 yeKhowudi Yabasebenzi.

Ukuzalisa incwadi yomsebenzi

Ukurekhoda umqeshi wangena kule ncwadi yomsebenzi kunye ekuqulunqeni elifanayo sezizathu ukugxothwa, njengoko kumyalelo. umzekelo:

Ngomhla ukugxothwa yomqeshwa, wacel incwadi yakhe Uyilo yabasebenzi.

iintlawulo kubasebenzi

Nangona yokuba ivamile umonakalo eziphathekayo lenene, loo nto ayithethi simaphulele umqeshi kwimfanelo ukuba zonke iintlawulo ezifunekayo. Ngosuku lokuyeka kokuqeshwa komqeshwa kufuneka afumane intlawulo lokugqibela umvuzo, kwakunye nayo yonke ipremiyamu kunye nesibonelelo zembuyekezo. Imbuyekezo umonakalo umsebenzi wangaphambili, umqeshi, kakade, unelungelo kuphela ezinkundleni.