Inqaku 283 of Code Criminal: ukubhengezwa iimfihlakalo karhulumente

Ukuxelwa kolwazi okumisele yimfihlelo karhulumente, isihloko ethe ebibekwe kuye, nokuba waba ngokunxulumene nenkonzo yakhe, ukufunda, umsebenzi okanye ezinye iimeko esekwe kwimimiselo kuqulatha ukuhlawuliswa mthetho. Oku kusetyenziswa xa olu lwazi Kwazeka oko kubo amaqela esithathu. Ngelo xesha njengenxalenye njengesenzo kufuneka simahla iimpawu zolwaphulo-mthetho, echazwe Art. 275, 276 ka Code Criminal.

Inhlawulo divulging urhulumente okufihliweyo

Art. 283 lomGaqo Criminal ukuba libabekela mthetho:

1. Ukumbamba iinyanga 4-6.
2. Ejele ukuya kwiminyaka-4.

Ukongezelela entolongweni kubalelwa i-ban kwi umsebenzi okanye ukungakhuseleki kwizikhundla ezichazwe yinkundla, ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3.

isakhiwo kokufaneleka

Uxanduva ukubhengezwa iimfihlakalo urhulumente toughened xa komthetho imprudence kuwandisa negalelo elinzima. Kulo mzekelo, umoni basongele avalelwe 3-7 iminyaka. Kulo mzekelo, Ukongezelela, inkundla makangamthwalisi kokuvalwa ukuhlala kwizikhundla ezithile okanye ukusebenzisa umsebenzi ethile ithuba leminyaka emi-3.

uhlobo izenzo

karhulumente disclosure ofihlakeleyo kuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukuziqhelisa, yeyona ixhaphakileyo Bakhona ezi zilandelayo fom:

1. Ukubhala. Umzekelo, kusenokuba kuprintwa kumajelo eendaba, ukuthumela imeyili, njalo-njalo.
2. Oral. ukuxelwa iimfihlakalo karhulumente iya kwenziwa kwi kwincoko labucala okanye ngethuba komsebenzi karhulumente.
3. Ngexesha umboniso bezinto, imizobo, imizobo, kuquka ulwazi olukhuselwe ngumthetho.

karhulumente disclosure ofihlakeleyo kumiliselwa xa zokulahleka kwamaxwebhu eziqulathe iinkcukacha ezibuthathaka, kwakunye nendlela yabo ukusetyenziswa yokuhlukunyezwa.

izimvo

Avuzayo state ukukubonisa kukuthi a kwezentlalo esiyingozi isenzo. Le ngozi siyifumana yokuba ulwazi imfihlelo ngaphandle ilifa kwaye koko zingasetyenziswa ukuhlaselwa ukhuseleko lwangaphakathi nangaphandle, kwakunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko kweli lizwe. Njengoko into ezenzo, ngokulandelelana, ukhuseleko data ezinjalo. Isifundo swonghasi ulwazi okumisele iyimfihlo karhulumente.

Injongo yale

Nganeno ulwaphulo kuchazwe disclosure nangoko kolwazi, nto leyo kuthathwa kuyimfihlo karhulumente. Phantsi kufuneka iqondwe i ukuxelwa mthethweni kolwazi, apho saba impahla izifundo amazwe. Bathi ke abantu, ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo okanye uhlobo lomsebenzi akanayo ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezinjalo.

Ezi nkcukacha swonghasi

Elibanzi utyhila iimfihlelo imo ye-Code yoLwaphulo liyithatha njengoko iintshukumo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa apho ulwazi mfihlakalo lufumaneka kumaqumrhu engagunyaziswanga. Oku kwenzeka xa:

• intetho Public.
• Private, ingxoxo ziyimfihlo.
• Imbalelwano.
• imiboniso Product, imizobo, imifanekiso.
• Bonisa amaxwebhu.
• Ukulahlekelwa Shicilela eziphathwayo kunye eziphathwayo kunye nezicatshulwa amaphepha ngasese njalo njalo.

Ngelo xesha iimfihlelo karhulumente ibhengeza enokwenziwa neempazamo. Oku, ingakumbi, lwenziwa kwi ulahliwe olungalawulwayo unetyala yakhe iitafile emsebenzini, amaxwebhu, iimveliso, schemes kwimeko apho aba babe ukufikelela kuziphi kumaqumrhu amazwe. Ukuba, ngezizathu loo nto ixhomekeke ukuthanda wobubi, ukubhengeza engagunyaziswanga ngabom iimfihlakalo likarhulumente kwababengafuduselwanga, uMgaqo Criminal ngokucalula nokwahlula ityala njengoko ulwaphulo-mthetho uzame. kwenzeka Le meko, umzekelo ngenxa yokunqongophala ulwazi kwelinye iziko ulwimi yesizwe, ukunxila elomeleleyo, ukungeva njalo njalo. Isenzo ithathwa igqityiwe ukusuka kwixesha kwimbono umntu ongagunyaziswanga ukubhengeza ulwazi. Kwanele ukuba ukuqonda intsingiselo jikelele ulwazi lwezifundo aniqondi eneenkcukacha.

base olumisiweyo

Le nkqubo, njengoko apho ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha okhuseleko amahlebo karhulumente, kulawulwa nguMthetho Federal №5485-1, iinkcukacha wayebhekisela imithetho namaqondo awohlukeneyo emfihlekweni, kwakunye noluhlu ulwazi olukhuselwe ngumthetho. Ukongeza, inkqubo lwemimiselo ngohlobo imigaqo, imiyalelo, izaziso, njalo njalo. Kulo mba, ngethuba uphando ngeenyani kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa uhlobo ulwazi esidlangalaleni. Ngaphezulu, kufuneka ukuchonga iimfuno ezithile, ezo azizange zifezekiseke. Inqanaba data wedwa ebekwe yi kuthelekiswa zabo kwimimiselo esebenzayo kweli lizwe. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, kufuneka iimviwo wenziwe.

Ingxenye ayinyani

Olu lwaphulo-mthetho busenza ukuba isiphoso ngenjongo okanye ngokungakhathali. Iimpapasho zomthetho, kukho izimvo ezininzi ngalo mbandela. Ngokukhethekileyo, abanye ababhali bakholelwa ukuba ukuxela ivunyiwe imfihlelo karhulumente, ukuze zezangabom ityala kuphela. Ngokutsho kweengcali, imbono ibangelwa ukuqonda lwesemantiki kwaye umhleli olungalunganga ya vutshila. 24 kwiiyure. 2 khowudi. Le ngongoma ifuna ukulungiswa umthetho okanye ukucaciswa Sun

ngenjongo

Ukuba ithe tye, isihloko, eqonda ingozi zokuziphatha zentlalo ezininzi ezinxulumene ukubhengezwa iimfihlakalo karhulumente, lubonisa ukuba le nkcazelo iza kufunyanwa yi amaqumrhu amazwe, kwaye ufuna ngayo. Umzekelo, oku hlobo unetyala langoku, ukuba ukwaphulwa komthetho okwenzeke kwi nengxoxo iimfihlo esibathandayo isizalwane okanye ezinye. Ukuba isifundo wenza ngenjongo ngqo, ukuba uyayiqonda uhlobo yoluntu kufuna yokuziphatha yabo, unethemba lokuba ulwazi kuyimfihlo karhulumente, sibe impahla zabanye, abemi amazwe. Kulo mzekelo, umdlwenguli uyavuma ukuba data ezibuthathaka iya waqonda ngabo njengoko inxulumene kwesi ukungakhathali mhaka. Ngenxa yoko, koogxa incoko kuqikelelwa kwi izihloko asikelwe zothutho loluntu kunye mqulu, evumela ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ingcaciso iya kuviwa yi bangaphandle, funda amaxwebhu ngokuvakalayo okanye ingxoxo imiba ezibuthathaka kwiindawo anga isandi-CUPS: abantu bayibonile, eshiya kwi-ofisi yakhe, nto leyo ukufaka abanye abantu , iigrafu, iitshati, iitheyibhile, njalo njalo.

nokunganaki

Ukuxelwa iimfihlakalo karhulumente kunokwenzeka ngenxa ukungakhathali okanye esikweni. Njengomgaqo, lubonakaliswa ngokubhaliweyo xa ukwenza iikopi zamaxwebhu eziqulathe ulwazi emfihlekweni, overwrites i data kwi ngantoni njengencwadana yokuthatha, iikhompyutha eziphathwayo, makabhale, nto leyo koko elahlekile. Ngelo xesha yaye ngabom, yaye disclosure akholosileyo lunokwenzeka nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

izisusa

Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, abemi baza kukuxelela imfihlelo karhulumente ngenxa andiqhayisi. Injongo yalo mthetho isebenza umnqweno ukubonisa bangaphandle ubuchule kunye nezilumkiso, zigxininisa ukubaluleka inxaxheba yabo inkqubo yokusombulula iingxaki ezibonakalayo. Xa intliziyo iintshukumisa Ungase ube ezinye isivuseleli yenkuthazo. Umzekelo, isihloko, aveze iimfihlo karhulumente, sifuna ukunceda umhlobo, yenza uphando, okanye silungiselele iintetho zakhe.

yingxenye Two

Sichaza a ubume wokuhluzela mthetho. Alazi ityala elifanayo, okuboniswe ngeeyure. 1, Art. 283, kodwa yabangela nemiphumo emibi ngenxa yokungakhathali. Zibonakaliswa:

• Sishintshe ulwazi kwi nokutshitshiswa iinkonzo zobuntlola amazwe.
• Ukuphazamiseka iziganeko ezibalulekileyo.
• Ukunqunyanyiswa zophando lwezenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe bethembisa njalo njalo.

Kulo mzekelo, i nandzu kunokuba zingakhathaliyo kuphela. Oku kuchazwe kukodwa njengento eqhelekileyo.

Ngokungafaniyo gosizmeny

Ukuxela ulwazi oluyimfihlo lwenziwa kuphela ngenjongo ngqo okanye ngqo. Kwimeko yokugqibela kusengqiqweni nanku umbuzo, yintoni yahlukile ukubhengezwa ukuvukela, nto leyo lubonakaliswa zaseMelika? Okokuqala, kufuneka uqaphele isiqulatho ethile injongo kunye nohlobo nesenzo ngokwaso. Benza uMbuso, isihloko uyaqonda ukuba adlulisele ummeli data ezibuthathaka wamanye amazwe. Ngelo xesha ke sithathe isigqibo ufuna ukwenza oku ngenjongo yemisebenzi nobutshaba ukumlimaza eRussia. Xa kokubeka oluyimfihlo ulwazi wobubi uyaqonda ukuba oko kunika wangaphandle, kodwa ke abameli kwamanye amazwe.