Inkqubo yemali Russian. History and Development

inkqubo lwemali Russia iye yakhula eminyakeni, ukususela ekuqaleni karhulumente. Le nkqubo zithatha omnye komnye, njengoko ekuhambeni kwexesha ezo mali ziye ukutshintsha umsebenzi wabo. Ekuqaleni kwendalo ubukhosi Russian yigolide ejikeleza ngaphandle kweBhanki, ngoku kwafakwa iintlobo lwemali khadibodi credit yokonga.

inkqubo Russian yemali unika unyango a lwemali ethile kunye nexabiso iintlobo ezahlukeneyo isikali. Unit lwemali - lufumanisa phawu karhulumente imali, kulinganiswa ngokwemiqathango amaxabiso zawo iimveliso ezahlukeneyo.

Russia Namhlanje yinkqubo kakhulu izinzile emali. Akukho umgangatho imali igolide ngetyala kunye nephepha, okt, i amanqaku ngolo igolide. Kukho kakhulu yindlela yenguqu likriwa mali ngetyala, eziguqulelwe kwi imali yephepha. Lwemali mali Ukuphathwa alawule ifomu non-cash. Adjustment imali enokusebenziseka yenziwa ngamaqumrhu akhethekileyo Russian Federation.

inkqubo Russian yemali baqalisa ukwenza kwangoko emva kokuwa USSR. Ngoku yena usebenza ngokungqinelana nomthetho, nolwathi lwaphuhliswa ngo-1995. Le yunithi wemali lo engange. Ezinye iiyunithi ukuba ungenise akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Umthetho awanyanzele ukuze angqamane le engange kwigolide. Le imali engange ukuba iimali kwamanye amazwe ebekwe yi-Central Bank of Russia. Usebenza iingqekembe yethu kwintsimi zentsimbi kunye yamaphepha. Central Bank evunyelwa iimpawu imali yelinye ilizwe, kwimeko kunikezelo amanqaku amatsha, olu lwazi olunikezelwa kuluntu yi kumajelo eendaba.

i Central Bank kuphela unelungelo lokukhupha kwaye uyeke engamaphepha ejikeleza. Kwakhona lijongene nokusekwa ngeranti engange ngokunxulumene nezinye iimali. yamaphepha Fake bezonxibelelwano bukhatshwa sisohlwayo ngumthetho. Okwangoku, kusetyenziswe engamaphepha, iinkozo, kwakunye asethi non-cash ezifana akhawunti zebhanki kunye namakhadi.

Iphulo likazwelonke lenkqubo lwemali kwenkqubo RF le ilawulwa ngokungqongqo imithetho konyaka-95 "Ngomhla Central Bank of the Russian Federation", yaye ezi izongezelelo kunye notshintsho kubo.

Ukuba amanqaku awavumelekanga, abakwazi ukuba kwaneso entsha phambi kwexesha elimisiweyo. Kusenokuba ukusuka kwiminyaka 1 ukuya kwisi-5. amatyala ezintsha zikhutshwa ngqo ngokungqinelana mali lwemali sirhoxisiwe.

Lwemali Russian Federation, le nkqubo imisela iyunithi emali, otyhidiweyo, umyalelo yokubhena kunye nezixhobo bexhentsa. Isiseko lwale nkqubo a sisinyithi inikeza umsebenzi jikelele elilinganayo. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX kumazwe yongxowankulu kube isilivere, owathatha igolide.

lwemali National baqala ukwenza kwiinkulungwane 16-17 ngexesha ukwamkelwa capitalism kunye nophuhliso kwiimarike zoluntu. Inkqubo yemali phantse kuwo onke amazwe ibandakanya oku kulandelayo: uhlobo okanye udidi mali, iyunithi lwemali, inkqubo ukukhutshwa kunye isikali amaxabiso ezithile. igama ikharensi kumiselwa ngurhulumente. Isikali amaxabiso - kubonisa amaxabiso impahla kwi ubunzima elithile metal esixabisekileyo currency efanayo.