Imibutho Business. Yintoni ekuthiwa? Inkcazelo, iimpawu ezikhethekileyo

Ukususela ekupheleni XIX kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kwi wabazingeli Russian ziye ngakumbi, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo emibutho, ukwanda. Ihlabathi ingakumbi ezininzi kwezi iimanyano zaba eFransi.

Yintoni ekuthiwa?

Igama ngokwaneleyo polysemous. Ngokubanzi, aba imibutho yi umfelandawonye apho uluntu kwasekwa kukho izinto uhlobo eziphathekayo. Wabazingeli kushishino eziqhelekileyo kunye noluntu. amazwe ezahlukeneyo iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukuchaza into ekuthiwa. Umzekelo, oku nkcazo lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela ikakhulu omnye kuphela uhlobo zobumbano zoshishino. Kwaye njengoko injongo walombutho wakhuthaza impumelelo nxaxheba kukholekileyo noko (ukuba uzinzo okanye ukuphakama) kwinqanaba inzuzo. Iindlela yamalungiselelo yalo imveliso, athenge izinto ezifunekayo ukwenziwa kweemveliso, kwakunye kumgaqo joint zentengiso. Ukuba le utoliko njengengqiqo umshini umlinganiswa ngamazwe. umthetho Russian, njengoko, eneneni, kwaye amazwe aseYurophu kunye United States akazange achaze into ekuthiwa.

iimpawu

Ukwahlula uhlobo ingxelo emibutho ishishini ukuthelekisa kunye nezinye iintlobo. Umzekelo, umbutho abavelisi - itrasti okanye imboni. Syndicate - imanyano yamashishini okanye amashishini asebenza kwishishini efanayo abathengisi. Kwimeko yokuqala, imisebenzi loshishino ithathe iqondo elikhulu ngolawulo imithamo yemveliso kunye neentengiso, iindleko ukuhla. Ngaloo ndlela, injongo ukubunjwa zobumbano zithintele - nokuthintelwa iinkampani phezu-inzuzo zadityaniswa. Yintoni a wazihlanganisa kulo mzekelo, yaye yintoni na iinjongo zayo? Lo umbutho uye wasebenzisa ngokuqukunjelwa amaxabiso wesivumelwano iimveliso. Isiphumo yeyona njongo iphambili imibutho yabasebenzi - ukunika ezinzileyo high level of ingeniso yeshishini. Wabazingeli ngaphezu trust okanye zorhwebo, aspired ukuya lokubanga ngokupheleleyo lamashishini ezifanelekileyo kunye neemarike.

ngezigaba

amaqela ahlukeneyo wabazingeli ezikhoyo eRashiya. Phakathi Unxulumano industrial aba yorhwebo kunye zorhwebo neemanyano athandwa kakhulu. Bahlanganisa intengiso kunye nokuveliswa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iimveliso. Ukungqinelana ngomlinganiselo yokudityaniswa lombutho kwemiqathango yahlulwe izivumelwano zoshishino (kumashishini), nto leyo waqukumbela ukuze kuzuzwe ezithile (limited) iinjongo, trusts yaye, enyanisweni, wabazingeli. Kuxhomekeka umda sendawo yemisebenzi ye-Union angaba yesizwe okanye zasekuhlaleni. Eyokuqala ibandakanya zonke iinkampani ibalulekileyo esebenza kushishino enye, kwaye eyesibini - kuphela inani eliqingqiweyo kwenye okanye kwenye indawo. Kwakukho wabazingeli ngamazwe. Bona inxaxheba kunye namashishini Russian. Umzekelo, ngo-1903 i-Union kwabunjwa yokuthengisa sugar beet, umgquba hay neefolokhwe. Njengenxalenye yale manyano yayizinyaswe ziinkampani Austrian kwaye German ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kwemveliso yesinyithi, iinkampani ezintathu Russian, apho ngelo xesha buzinze ezandleni phantse yonke imveliso zasekhaya iifolokhwe.

ubume bombutho

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, umthetho akukho nofifi ukuqaphela achaze ukuyilwa zobumbano zoshishino. Kule meko, imiba enhlanganweni azilawulwa nangayiphi na indlela. Oku, ngaphandle amalungiselelo mandatory imimiselo yonxulumano. Kwakungekho sikhokelo esemthethweni ye inkqubo ukubunjwa wabazingeli. ngokunjalo kubume bombutho yi ngokwaneleyo abangafezekanga. I-Congress of the abanini mveliso wenza njengoko nolawulo. Kwintlanganiso waba izivumelwano amazwe, yaye zibekwe esweni kwaye zivavanywe iziphumo ukuphunyezwa kwazo, bamkela imimiselo.