Imibongo yokuqala Mayakovsky: omsebenzi osemqoka, ukuba nentsusa kwento

izibongo Early Mayakovsky kaThixo (imihobe "Port", "Night", "Yabona!", njl) uthathwa ukuba sasisikhulu-scale esenzeka ubugcisa lwekhulu XX. Phakathi bakhe imidlalo imisebenzi kunye nemibongo, izincoko ezibalulekileyo, imizobo, imizobo, imisebenzi satirical. ubukhulu Mayakovsky kaThixo ilele ubuntu bakhe ubugcisa, awawonisa ngazo wayiqonda imfihlelo kwezakhono zemibongo kunye nemithetho-ngqondweni. Wenza kwacaca owned ipeni umbhali kunye ibhrashi opeyintayo yakhe. Noko ke, ezingqondweni zabantu Mayakovsky wangena njenge imbongi lokuqala lama wotshintsho lwentlalo. Xa imisebenzi yakhe idlulisela imiba kunye neziganeko ixesha lakhe eziphambili.

Umoya imvukelo kwi imibongo ekuqaleni Mayakovsky

Xa imisebenzi yakhe, umbhali odityanisiweyo ezahlukeneyo ngeendlela. Anamandla amazwi ngelo xesha. Yaba ixesha wolungiso kufezwe revolution umsebenzi-Sasungulwa. Imisebenzi ingabonwa umda oyindumasi uthelekiso, izikweko. Ubunzima kunye namandla kwesingqisho kudityaniswe kunokutshiseka journalistic. hero lyrical yezibheno imibongo yokuqala Mayakovsky ukuba abaphulaphuli abaninzi. Umbhali udla ngokuba "Tribune." Ngokuba lo uthelekisa imisebenzi yakhe kukho izizathu ezininzi.

Umzekelo, kulo mbongo "Ukunqanda Lo Cwaka", nto leyo kuthathwa ubukhulu esikhulu yokugqibela, uzibiza "bawl-inkokheli," "udushe". Ngokuqinisekileyo, iye inyaniso yayo. Noko ke, ukuze ukunciphisa imibongo ekuqaleni lyric Mayakovsky kuphela yokususa buciko izibheno kuluntu bekuya kuba ephosakeleyo. Kule imisebenzi umkhondo kakhulu ngokucacileyo nothando izibhengezo, kwaye wagqabhuka ahlabayo isigqebelo elungileyo-natured. Kukho kubo, ukuba lusizi, ukukhanya bulumko. imibongo yokuqala Mayakovsky, ngamafutshane, kubantu bonke. Kuyinto ezahlukeneyo ngokwemiqathango uhlobo, isakhiwo emibalabala intonational.

Mayakovsky: ihlabathi bezobugcisa imbongi ekuqaleni lyric

Kungokuba kanye phezu impahla italente umbhali ichazwe ngexesha lakhe Lunacharsky. Ukuva lo mbongo "Malunga Oko", wabonisa ukuba sele esazi, yaye emva kokuphulaphula babeqinisekile ukuba Mayakovsky - lo weengoma mhle, nangona yena uyazi ukuba akusoloko. Umbhali wale propati kudityaniswe abaphembeleli zayo, izakhono oratorical. Lyrics zidla kubonwa ibinzana bezobugcisa ihlabathi engaphakathi wembongi. It libonisa imeko yayo omnye okanye kwelinye mzuzu. Enyanisweni, ihlabathi yezinto Injongo zichaziwe mibongo ombambazelayo ngokusebenzisa amava lombhali yabo. Iziganeko ngezimanga abadli ukungena imisebenzi umfanekiso ngoko nangoko kunye ngqo. Bona atywinwe ukuba indlela ngengqiqo yokuba bakufikise umbhali. Leyo ke imibongo ekuqaleni Mayakovsky.

Imibongo kufuneka anikelwe ezahlukeneyo ngeziganeko - uthando, okanye iimfazwe phakathi iiklasi, ingxoxo malunga ngenjongo wobugcisa okanye uhambo amazwe. Le ngxelo kweziganeko kuhlangene kunye amazwi iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga ze umbhali, etyhila lakhe "I". Iingcinga kunye neemvakalelo musa nje ukunika ubuchule ethile ngokweemvakalelo. Ihlabathi bezobugcisa imibongo yokuqala Mayakovsky esibonakaliswa umfanekiso wabo ngayo iziganeko zobomi, iziganeko zezopolitiko. Icandelo ngokweemvakalelo ekhoyo kwi yokususa kunye nemveliso yobuciko. Asikokubaxa ukuqaphela ukuba izenzo lyricism njenge somanyano kunye bonke-bokubekwa amandla kumsebenzi imbongi kaThixo, oko kuyabonakala naxa izenzo ngokokwakheka angahambelaniyo lyric.

Uhlobo ziphikisana umbhali

Nangona ubukho lyricism kwimibongo Mayakovsky badla ke ukubugatya. Oku, umzekelo, kunokubonwa kumsebenzi "wobuyiselo", apho ke uthetha malunga kwimbono kwicala "nentiyo." indlela Polemically-elwayo, elingumthombo, enqamleza wonke umsebenzi lombhali. Ngendlela ingakumbi zawo, idityaniswe ukuba uthando umxholo. Xa imisebenzi yombhali kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu ukunganeliseki kunye namathuba zemveli ukuzifumana ukuba ndingubani na. search njalo, umnqweno ukwandisa imida uyilo - iingcamango ezingundoqo ukuba utsho imibongo ekuqaleni Mayakovsky. Lokubhalwa nawuphi na umsebenzi efunekayo isithuba ingcamango.

Icandelo ngokweemvakalelo

Yonke into eyenzeka ebomini bam, yavusa umdla neqhayiya kwi umbhali. Yena waba nombono ezizodwa iziganeko. Enoba kwenzeka ntoni ebomini bakho, nokuba sikude kakhulu kuzo kuye, wathabatha nelakhe, igazi, ngumbandela ejulile. awasabela ngayo umbhali Exclusive ngokwemvakalelo ukuya nesenzeko abanakwanela iifom emveli lyrical. Yena wafuna indawo ukubonakaliswa. Izihloko Mayakovsky ebutsheni lyrics zahlukahlukene. Ubhala ubomi, uthando, ezopolitiko, kunye nembali. Konke oku akuthethi abonakale ngezenzo zakhe ukuba yangasemva elikude. umcimbi ngamnye ngendlela enye okanye kwelinye inqanaba lobomi isisifundo engundoqo yomsebenzi.

izibongo Early Mayakovsky kaThixo - yinto indlela entsha ngokupheleleyo kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Yena, ngokungafaniyo zangaphambili yakhe, ngokubanzi zayisithelisa ubunyani kwezentlalo nezopolitiko.

Isiqalo

Ekuqaleni ngokwaneleyo, Mayakovsky waba nomdla kwizinto komhlaba yotshintsho olululo. Njengamanye amalungu amaninzi phantsi komhlaba, waxwilwa entolongweni iinyanga 11 Butyrskaya entolongweni, evalelwe yedwa. Bayahlelwa imbongi isigqibo Stolypin. Kwaba ngo imiyalelo yakhe elo banjwa. Ezili entolongweni Mayakovsky wafunda lukhulu. Emva kokukhululwa kwakhe, ndaziva umnqweno ecenga ukusebenza kwezobugcisa. Wayefuna ukwenza ulwalathiso bobusoshiyali. Ngenxa yoko, Mayakovsky wangena School eMoscow izakhiwo, ukukrola nokupeyinta. Ukususela mzuzu ukuba ngandlel 'waphelelwa ngumdla kumzabalazo olululo. Ebudeni uqeqesho, wadibana neqela neembongi abaselula kunye namagcisa. Bambiza ngokwawo bemeko- vutshila elizayo - Futurists. Konke oku ngendlela ekhethekileyo nempembelelo lyric Mayakovsky ekuqaleni.

imisebenzi Okukodwa

Izinto zobumnini yokuqala kuculwa ku Mayakovsky ubunzima uhlobo iimanyano isingqisho olunzulu, uthelekiso thusa imifanekiso zokuzonwabisa. Ubunyaniso ezingqongileyo ukuba umbhali ivela njenge esiphilayo, ayithiyileyo, ayithandayo, unale. Imbongi humanizes ngokoqobo ezweni:

"Iimakhishithi kwamanzi phantsi esiswini.
Bakrazula alitshangatshangise izinyo emhlophe.
Kwakukho ebhomboloza lombhobho - njenge Lily
uthando nenkanuko kunye nemibhobho yobhedu. "

Wobuciko olothusayo indibaniselwano isicwangciso onganxulumananga imiqolo zemveli ezimile. Lenza nomvakalelo womoya onamandla. izibongo Early Mayakovsky kaThixo okanye nangakuthandiyo, kodwa ushiya akekho ngabandayo.

nokuzonwabisa

Xa imisebenzi yakhe, umbhali uyila, imifanekiso ecacileyo ekhumbulekayo. Ingakumbi zibonwa ngokucacileyo imibongo ezifana "Port", "Morning", "Ngaba nawe?". Umbhali ngokukhuselekileyo idibanisa ecaleni iingqiqo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa enomfanekiso echanileyo ngokumangalisayo, ukusetyenziswa imivumbo ombonileyo Mayakovsky kwi engile engalindelekanga, imigca ezinkqayiweyo, ezihlalayo engqondweni yam. Umbhali ubonisa "adische isixeko" apho kungekho ulonwabo novuyo. landscape obukhulu kunye enzima "Quarter elibharhileyo", "ezigoso ihashe", "zitrato ubukumkani." Kwi imigwaqo "tram udiniwe", ilanga ukutshona kwelanga kubonakala umbhali , "elandela iliso," umoya ibonakala udakumbile kunye yintlekele. smothers City kwaye le nto iyayiqhobosha imbongi, ngokuthi ezinezothe.

ebuhlungu

izibongo Early Mayakovsky kaThixo uzele buhlungu, ukubandezeleka, iimvakalelo. Oku kubonakala emsebenzini "I". Umxholo ubulolo kubonakala amandla ezahlukeneyo thole ezahlukeneyo:! "Ndidiniwe," "Phulaphula", "uzixelile", njalo njalo Xa umsebenzi "kanjani cool" umbhali libhekisela okusingqongileyo, amazwi akhe; iintlungu nobuhlungu engqondweni .:

"Kwaye oku,
njengam nje,
poked phi?
Apho akugcinele kum emhadini? "

uthando

Nditsho Mayakovsky iqhawe layo ifumana usindiso. Yena izibophelele ebanzi, ingqiqo omkhulu - kuba ngaphantsi, yena akavumelani. Ekubeni ndifumene uthando olunjalo, uTshawe aliyeki ukuba uludwayi lilolo. iimvakalelo bakhe inqambi kwaye onokujongela phantsi kwempembelelo zokuphatha impahla. Umzekelo, kulo mbongo "Ifu kwi bhulukhwe" iqhawe omthandayo, ugiba, wakhetha impumelelo wamaFilisti. A motif efanayo kunokubonwa kulo mbongo "The Man". Le imveliso wathengisa inkosi bathandiweyo bonke, kodwa lutho wembongi. Umbhali iqukumbela ukuba uthando lokwenene akanayo indawo njengento ebaluleke embi.

isisusa

hero lyrical Mayakovsky xa efuna ukuba boyise ubulolo. Yena uya ebantwini, afike kuye, enethemba ukufumana inkxaso yabo novelwano. Kuba abantu, ilizwi ububele, ukulungele ukunika yonke imfuyo yabo yokomoya. Kodwa ngoxa usikelelwa ukuphoxeka enzulu; ke akukho namnye waqonda, akukho mntu udinga. Oku engqongwe sisihlwele okutshatyalaliswa. hero lyrical kwaye iimpawu erhabaxa, kwezinye iimeko, nokuba agxeke. Ngenxa yoko, xa umsebenzi wakhe 'amagama uhlobo apha yaye yintoni nenkohlakalo, "nto" ibhiyozela "amandla imali," intlekisa "labantu abasebenzayo," wamkela "yokungcakaza kunye racketeers. Oluvakaliswe sokugxeka yakhe ubukhazikhazi usithe intlungu lokwenene indida ezibuhlungu. Le imaski ke umbhali ubeka kuba lithemba mkhulu, ukudinwa Mzoli, ikarati kunye philistinism, "hulk 'ububi.

Ukwenza

izibongo Early Mayakovsky kaThixo uzele iingxaki zentlalo. imisebenzi yakhe wabeka isiseko zobugcisa, eyenzelwe kwiinginginya. Oku umbhali "roughened 'lula. Imisebenzi ifakiwe rem kunye nemifanekiso zobuqu. Ithetha ngayo imbongi akukho ngokunxulumene Futurists. Xa imisebenzi umbhali oselula wabona umgaqo bezinto, ukungathathi icala. amazwi Abstract kunye neengcinga similise elibonakalayo, ezibonakalayo, yokwenene. Reification uye imisebenzi umlinganiswa ukuba nenkani iimfundiso. Imisebenzi kunokubonwa ukuba akukho Futurists - umxholo lwentlalo.

ubudlelwane namasiko

Mayakovsky ngothando bashumayela ubugcisa entsha. Wade wambongoza ukuba bamphose Pushkin kunye nezinye ziyahlonelwa ukusuka 'inqanawa modernity ". Noko ke, kuphononongwe kakuhle eli imisebenzi Mayakovsky, unako lula ukufumana uqhagamshelwano isiko Russian, ezizezi uvuthondaba Nekrasov, Saltykov-Shchedrin. Umbhali walandela isithethe zoqobo zoncwadi. Ingakumbi ngokucacileyo kakhulu unxulumano kunye imisebenzi Nekrasov, apho ahlala indawo iqhosha umzekeliso isixeko longxowankulu. Humanistic bokubanga ubuchule Mayakovsky eqhelekileyo kunye Gorky uncwadi. Ngoko embulele kulo mba isihloko sombongo "The Man". Noko ke, eyona nto leyo ezisa umbhali ukuya ezakudala - yinto yoluntu isihobe, ukuphendula kwalo isenzeko mihla.

bokubanga kakhulu

Imbongi Prerevolutionary lyric izalana ngokusondeleyo imibongo kwaye lisebenza njengentshayelelo kuyo. Xa imisebenzi yoqhankqalazo Umxholo ekhoyo. Komxholo othi "abantu kunye imbongi" usesikhundleni zingundoqo amazwi. I-World Kuqala iye yaba yinto mngeni ebalulekileyo iintshukumo ezininzi zoncwadi bezobugcisa. Wakutyhila imibala zabo oyinyaniso, wabonisa isimo sengqondo lokwenyaniso iimfuno uhlanga, iimfuno zabantu. Ukuphendula kunye umbongo wakhe, "War Noxolo" ekuqaleni kwemfazwe, Mayakovsky kwezopolitiko etsolo avavanye uhlobo yayo impiriyali. Xa umsebenzi umbhali waqalisa ukukhula bokubanga ezibalulekileyo. ilizwi bakhe ukuba revolution, wamelana ekuxhelweni impiriyali. Oku kubonakala imisebenzi enjengo "kukaNapoleon Me", "Wena!" kunye nabanye.

Intlekele wobukho bomntu

Lo mxholo kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kakhulu amazwi Mayakovsky. Lowo uthetha ubukho umntu phantsi capitalism, iququzelela wangumququzeleli imbangi yakhe. Imbongi ngemisebenzi yakhe ichaza inkqubo dehumanization neemvakalelo nabantu ngokwabo, esebenza njenge inkalo ephambili oluntu yongxowankulu. Umbhali ubhenca falsity Acmeists ibonisa zala maxesha, umlinganiswa zokuhombisa amathemba abo. imibongo "Sytina kakuhle wondleke" ijoliswe nxamnye ihlabathi yongxowankulu, "ubhale izagwityi" iimbongi, abaphengululi, acolytes of "oneqhenqa thanga" - isixeko longxowankulu.

Umbhali uthi ukuba uluntu iklasi kungcolisa entle eliqele phambi nohlobo womntu. Xa imisebenzi yakhe, yena ekuhleni yabonisa inzondo nabaxhaphazi kunye nothando kuvumela yabantu, ngamakhoboka, abantu abahlelelekileyo, Ndayishwabanisa ezi nkqubo. Yena imela ngokuvela lokuqonda koluntu. Inkqubo nkulu igxeke abantu yokutshabalala ngokwenyama nangokomoya. Ngako oko ke luqondwa ngokucacileyo, kwaye yenza umfanekiselo hero eneenkani. Impixano ne-bume eyayikho kuqala nje kususa isihlwele, ngoko uqala ukuba ngakumbi nomntu ngakumbi nasentlalweni.

Ekuhambeni ekomelezeni iinjongo zentlalo kunye nezopolitiko kumsebenzi wakhe ngumbhali kude ukusuka icala le Futurists. Kule nkalo umahluko ukutyhilwa kakhulu phakathi phecana "Wena!" nemveliso "uNate!". Eyokuqala yabhalwa kwiminyaka enesiqingatha emva yesibini. Lo mbongo, "Apha wena!" sengqondo behlazekile Mayakovsky ibonisa isihlwele. Lubonakala kuphela iimpawu zangaphandle. Le pamphlet "Wena!" lubonakala ngokuba izandi ezincinane ucaca yezopolitiko. Apha, umbhali ubhenca umntu endaweni yokubutha ayikho efana kodwa abo bafuna ukuzuza emfazweni.