Imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi (GEF): iziganeko

Imbali kuphuhliso izizwana, neentlanga kunye neempucuko ingqina ukuba ekoyiseni ukuntsonkotha yehlabathi kunye nophuhliso yayo yenziwa ngenkxaso ngokomoya nokholo. Uyacetyiswa ukuba banikele ingqalelo into yokuba xa langoku inqanaba lophuhliso lwentlalo phakathi izazinzulu saphawula sengqondo ingacaci kwi siseko zemfundo kunye nokulondolozwa imixholo yokomoya yokuziphatha. imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi kufuneka zenze ungubani umntwana kwi imigaqo yokuziphatha kobuKristu zifundise isizukulwana esitsha uthando olunzulu ngabantu bakhe, inkcubeko yakhe, nokuzinikela esaphuma, igalelo ekumisweni wekhondo yomntu ngaloo ukuzalisa ingqiqo kakhulu yokomoya efanelekileyo mihla kwezemfundo.

indlela yokufundisa School ingqina ukuba akukho nkqubo yemfundo, akukho yokuziphatha imfundiso software indawo zakho impembelelo yomntu phezu kwabantu, impembelelo ngutitshala umfundi. Bayahlelwa elizayo yesizwe isoloko emiselwe ukubaluleka nezazi, elibamba uphuhliso lwemfundo, ezenzululwazi kunye nenkcubeko.

Zisa akukho ulwazi, kunye nabantu

Ootitshala, njengoko abathile ngabameli ezinawo elite oluntu, ecaleni izazinzulu, oogqirha, abaculi negalelo kwabaxhamla ubomi besizwe nokwandisa imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi. GEF (federal standard yemfundo karhulumente) isizukulwana yesibini kufuneka ukukhawulezisa le nkqubo.

Ukukhulisa, njengokuba umthetho, yakulazi, kodwa abantu abenza lo lwazi. Utitshala njenge ngumcebisi yokomoya, angakhula umntu kakhulu ngokomoya kuphela xa, kuqala, urhulumente uza kutshintsha isikhundla sakhe ekuhlaleni (uluntu kufuneka baqonde ukubaluleka Zasa nasemdeni mission ngutitshala professional - ulwakhiwo Cathedral komphefumlo womntwana); Okwesibini, inkqubo ngenjongo, ezicwangcisiweyo, ukulima ngendlela kuba kuyimfuneko, imeko ebalulekileyo ngobukho ngutitshala, oko kuya kuba negalelo ukubhengezwa amandla ngokomoya yokuziphatha njengomntu, njengommi kunye njengobuchule.

Yenkolo okunayo - eyona mithombo iphambili yezemfundo

Kule minyaka ilishumi yokugqibela ngakumbi ezopolitiko kunye nezenkcubeko neenkokheli, ootitshala, abazali, bethwele imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi high school babuyelayo kumaxabiso zamaKristu yokuziphatha njengoko kakhulu irobust ezongeziweyo, isebenziseka, hayi ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zopolitiko nemibono.

Iexesha Ienguqu, nto leyo namhlanje kuluntu weentsonkotha zenkqubo zokulungisa izinto imfundo yasekhaya - mngeni ootitshala yehlabathi ngokomoya ukufumana izinto ezintsha, iindlela kunye neendlela, iindlela kunye nezixhobo ukusombulula iingxaki entsonkothileyo ukwakha uluntu kakhulu ngokomoya yoluntu. Ngoko ke, ukwakheka kamoya abantwana nolutsha, ngokomoya nje iimpawu eziphambili zobuntu - umsebenzi omkhulu enzima, nto leyo umi kumbindi ingqalelo yoluntu yokufundisa ngokubanzi.

ootitshala Progressive libukhali libotshelelwe indawo yokuqala ekubunjweni - imfundo ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha kwabafundi. Imisebenzi wenziwe ngenjongo yokukhulisa i yenkolo nobuthandazwe phakathi kwabantwana - eyona mithombo iphambili yezemfundo ngokomoya namaxesha Kievan Rus. Ukukhonza uThixo Lezwe - amaxabiso amabini elililo abantu Slavic.

yipharadaym kokomoya yokuziphatha

Ukwanda kolwazi theoretical kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XX bunokubonwa abacombululi paradigms kunye concepts yemfundo, uqeqesho. Wenguqulo - inkqubo imodeli iinkqubo yeengcingane, methodological kunye axiological, lithathwe njengomzekelo zokusombulula iingxaki yenzululwazi amalungu athile nezesayensi. imfundo sakwamoya nasekuzinikeleni ekwenzeni okulingileyo wenguqulo ichaza mthombo uphambili yophuhliso ubuntu yokomoya wayo, ineziseko zayo - impefumlelwano ootitshala kunye nabafundi, ngokusekelwe inkqubo amaxabiso zamaKristu.

Injongo - ukukhonza uThixo Lezwe. Le ngxaki kuqeqesho njengenye kwintlanganiso eziphambili ezichazwe-Russian ootitshala online '. imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi - kukudala umntwana iimeko apho akwazi ukufikelela phezulu kwincopho yayo kuphuhliso ngokomoya yakhe yokuziphatha, ubukrelekrele amacandelo inkanuko, imeko emzimbeni neempumelelo isakhono amaxabiso zamaKristu ebomini ophilileyo, ngenxa ukusungulwa ukuya amagugu zenkcubeko. imfundo sakwamoya nasekuzinikeleni ekwenzeni okulingileyo lo wesiqhelo - lujolise inkqubo ebomini ngokomoya yokuba umntwana amaxabiso oluneqela uxolo, nto leyo ebonisa injongo kunye nentsingiselo lwabo.

Umgaqo ekwakheni inkqubo yokufunda mihla

Uhlalutyo ilifa zokufundisa icebisa ukuba ukuphuculwa kwemfundo ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha kwabafundi. GEF inika inkcazo ecacileyo imigaqo yokwakha inkqubo yemfundo mihla ngokusekelwe imodeli ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha nemfundo:

• ikhadi identity kazwelonke;
• ubunye bume yokufunda kwinkcubeko, ngokomoya neengqondi;
• imfundo yenkolo;
• umlinganiselo injongo okudibeneyo umsebenzi wophuhliso yokomoya umntwana;
• ukuhlanganiswa kwengqondo kunye nokholo.

Le migaqo ziphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo imithetho yokuziphatha yokuziphatha evumela bobabini umfundi kunye notitshala kwinkqubo intsebenziswano sakwamoya nasekuzinikeleni ekwenzeni okulingileyo ukuze bayiqonde kwaye bafikelele kumda wesangqa nophuhliso lwakhe buqu kwaye uzive ngokubaluleka bangoobani kwabanye.

Umxholo yoqeqesho imodeli ubeka iinjongo zemfundo bokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi kwi wabagagamela engunaphakade ngokupheleleyo, zamaKristu, kuzwelonke, yoluntu, zokusingqongileyo, zobugcisa, kunye nemilinganiselo zengqondo yobomi. Indlela nokusebenza wenguqulo ngutitshala obalaseleyo ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha kwiimeko yangoku lombutho kunye nokusebenza yemfundo inkqubo-emihle nowomoya yokuziphatha kakhulu ubuntu ebomini intsebenziswano ixabiso-elithetha ootitshala kunye nabafundi. La malungiselelo ifuna izifundo ezingakumbi, nto leyo eya kudala inkqubo iindlela, ubuchule kunye nezixhobo, iintlobo kunye neentlobo zasemsebenzini utitshala kwaye ekugqibeleni ukusombulula ingxaki yemfundo ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha kwabafundi.

Utitshala njengomntu iqhosha

A osemqoka kwiinkqubo owayephila ngexesha Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yemfundo yesizwe, akukho mathandabuzo, kuba ngutitshala. Inqanaba inkcubeko ngobuchule ngayo utitshala kufuneka ube kumgangatho ofanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi. GEF ibandakanya iimfuno ezintsha inkcubeko ngobuchule ngayo ngutitshala, icebisa utshintsho okubonakalayo indlela, umxholo, gqolo ubuchwepheshe imfundo zokufundisa, uzisondeze ngokuhambelana eyinene zemfundo nenkcubeko. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo ongundoqo usekho ubuchule ngobuchule ngayo notitshala kumgangatho lombutho kwenkqubo yemfundo kumaziko emfundo mihla.

kwekhono

Ubuchule wabonakala ufundisa inzululwazi ingqikelelo wemfundo ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha kwabafundi, kwakunye nokukwazi ubuntu katitshala ngendlela eyiyo nangempumelelo nje kuphela kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ukusombulula iingxaki professional kwiimeko ezifuna indlela ebubuchule.

Kumazwe amaninzi, ukuphunyezwa kwe nomfundisi ubuchule wocikizeko othunywe njengoko buyinto ebalulekileyo ekuhlaleni kunye zobuqu-yokuziphatha ehlanganisa amacandelo zenkuthazo kunye yokuhlola, yokuqonda kunye nomsebenzi. Umsebenzi wemfundo yokuziphatha besikolo ziquka methodological, ngokwasengqondweni-zokufundisa, ezikhethekileyo-phantsi kunye namacandelo methodological. Noko ke, bonke bephela zivela linobuchule kweyabo amisele kumda wesangqa nophuhliso lwakhe buqu katitshala njengomntu, ummi kunye nobungcali.

Esi sakhiwo kwakheka ngobuchule nolwazi ezingundoqo bulumko zimelwe kubomi bentlalo katitshala, kwezoqoqosho, ezahlukahlukeneyo, iinkcukacha-ngokunxibelelana, zomthetho-ezopolitiko, kwakunye nobuchule kwinkalo yobomi lobuqu.

Enye iingqiqo kumbindi pedagogy luluvo nesazisi. Imfundiso ubuntu - isiseko methodological kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yemfundo. Utitshala mihla baqonde ukuba ukuyilwa ubuntu womntwana ngokungasingisi uphuhliso neenkqubo kwengqondo kuphela, kodwa ngokuyintloko ke imfundo ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha besikolo. "Imifanekiso okulungileyo nokubi", nto leyo namhlanje zithiwe thaca kwi seendlela yehlabathi mihla, ungumzalwana, ububi ayikwazi kugwetyelwa estetizirovat kunqulo lwamaKristu.

inqubo erudition

Inqubo erudition katitshala kukuba ukwakha indlela ekhethekileyo yokomoya yomsebenzi yobungcali, unxibelelwano kunye nobudlelwane, kwaye azinampembelelo imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi. GEF kuhlelo omtsha unika inkxaso ukuba utitshala umnqweno ukuba umntu kakhulu ngokomoya, ukuhlakulela inani leempawu okuluphawu isimo sakhe njenge jikelele rhoqo imilinganiselo yokomoya phezu eziphathekayo, nilwela engcono, nto leyo ingakumbi ukuba kubonakala kwimisebenzi yakhe azithanda ajolise kuphuhliso yabo ubuchule, italente, imikhosi zobuchule, ingqiqo iikhrayitheriya zokubakhetha amanani - mahanyelo ya Vukreste, inkcubeko yesizwe, ukwandiswa ulonwabo ukuqonda ubunakho.

imfundo yokuziphatha besikole: isiganeko

1. ukubunjwa yokuziphatha, nangenzondelelo ngamnye sifezeke (ukubambelela invariable nemigangatho yokuziphatha kuzo zonke iimeko).
2. Sele uyincutshe ekudlaleni umxholo inkcubeko yokomoya yabantu (olunzulu ulwazi kwicandelo lobugcisa, kwiintsomi, ihlabathi kunye noncwadi yesizwe, erudition, imigwebo ixabiso elizimeleyo, ubuchule entsimini inkcubeko yesizwe kunye necandelo zonqulo: iconography, inkcubeko itempile, umculo ongcwele, umdla kwihlabathi engaphakathi ngamnye, umdla iimfundiso zefilosofi nezenkolo).
3. Ukwenziwa ngummi, ubuzwe (imbali enzulu nezithethe izakhono zabantu babo, iintsapho zabo, engaziva enyanzelekile kunye uxanduva ilizwe labo nabantu, isidima yoluntu, njalo njalo).

Indlela yophuhliso abafundele umsebenzi

Ngokuvisisana ubume ukunyameka utitshala ingqikelelo ephambili imfundo yokomoya yokuziphatha kwabafundi. Harmonicity ukuba aqondwe uphuhliso iimpawu oluntu ukuya kwinqanaba elifanayo, kodwa luhlobo ingqibelelo apho isakhono ngasinye ubambe isikhundla esithile ngokunxulumene indima kumsebenzi wayo.

Ukuvisisana utitshala mihla ubomi

1. Nemvisiswano kubudlelwane nabanye abantu, kunye nokusingqongileyo lwangaphandle. Oku kufezekiswe ngesicwangciso ekuqondeni kwamaKristu lothando - Phatha abanye ngendlela obuya kuthanda bakuphathe ngayo. Kule ndawo yentsebenziswano phakathi kootitshala kunye nomgangatho umfundi oku kuthetha yokulingana zifundo yaye uthi kubomi bemihla ngemihla isidima. A ngobuwena bobuqili izenzo zakhe wesisa ootitshala kunye nabafundi.
2. Ngokuvisisana isazela sakhe, ebonelela noxolo engaphakathi engqondweni ngamnye. Ukuba utitshala ukukhathalele ukuvumelana lwangaphakathi, ngokufanelekileyo ubhekisela xa noburhalarhume; Uthetha inyaniso, xa buyanceda akhohlise; ngokunyaniseka wenza umsebenzi wakhe xa ungakwazi ukwenza izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
3. Ngokuvumelana Good Absolute - uthando okulungileyo kwaye ayichase ububi. Umsebenzi ngobuchule utitshala bulawulwe wayo, ubuntu, ukholo, nethemba, nothando, uvelwano, uvelwano kunye nethemba.

Imigaqo yemfundo ngokomoya

Amava bekhulisa Orthodox Christian ibonisa ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba impilo yokomoya lwabasebenzi uphuhliso imisebenzi yakhe yengqondo-nokomzimba. Aninako ukufika ukukhula ngokomoya ngokusebenzisa uphuhliso ingqondo kuphela, inkululeko kuphela, okanye iimvakalelo, nangona ubomi bokomoya, kwaye yomnqophiso ngokuthi kuphuhliswe la macandelo.

Indoda semvelo umkhwa ukwakha intsimi yabo yokomoya enoba phezulu yintoni amehlo ukubona ihlabathi - ngokusebenzisa amehlo umKristu okanye izinto eziphathekayo. Eyona ebalulekileyo zokomoya kukuba usoloko ujolise ethile - focus on enokwenzeka, nto leyo esekelwe nokholo kuye.

Vera - imfuneko lendalo umphefumlo womntu, nto leyo umthombo lukhuthazo zokuziphatha kwabantu; oko - ngokususela kwinkqubo yemfundo, isiseko iinkolelo ngamnye. Umbuzo ongundoqo nto ke yaye kufuneka umntwana ukukholwa, ukuba bafumane inkxaso ngokomoya. Ingqibelelo umsebenzi lemfundo isekelwe phezu impefumlelwano ukholo kunye neenqobo, umanyano obonisa ngokucacileyo inkqubo yemfundo karhulumente. Okuxabisekileyo elikhutshelwe umntu ngokuyintloko ngokholo, kuba kokwabo isixhobo lolwazi ngokomoya.

Inkqubo lwamaxabiso

Ukufundisa abafundi ngokomoya ngaphakathi indlela yehlabathi kufuna ukusekwa kwenkqubo lwamaxabiso njengesiseko intsingiselo yobomi bomntu, umnqweno ngenxa siseko yanaphakade Ukulunga, Inyaniso Beauty. Ukuba uluntu ubunjwe zabantu abanengxaki ukuvisisana umphefumlo, kuba nelungeleleneyo kakhulu avumelanayo xa imeko yonke yokuziphatha woluntu kuxhomekeke ngurhulumente yokuziphatha kwamalungu ayo.

Kuphela ngenxa self-ulwazi utitshala uyazi yabo ukubaluleka self-ukuphucuka nge ifikelela iintab nesidima sobuntu, uhlaziyo ngokomoya, kufikwa ukholo oyinyaniso, nobomi asebenzayo.

Kufuneka sihlale sikhumbula imiyalelo Ioanna Zlatousta: "Abantwana bakho baya kuhlala emininzi, xa befumana kuwe imfundo esemgangathweni ukuze afezekise isimilo kunye nokuziphatha kutheni ungazami ukuba babe zizityebi, kodwa ungakhathazeki ukuba zikhule njani iinkosi zabo elimhlonelayo iinkanuko zawo. zizityebi iimpawu. "