Imfundiso nangokwasengqondweni umsebenzi

Imfundiso nangokwasengqondweni umsebenzi ocetywayo yi ebezisalele yiSoviet ngengqondo A. N. Leontevym, kuqwalaselwa umsebenzi yabantu engqondweni nasemzimbeni kuluntu, olawula kwaye imisela lwalo lokukhawulelana nophuhliso.

Le ndaba isifundo kuphikisana umsebenzi ngengqiqo ebanzi, ie, intsebenziswano esebenzayo kunye nokusingqongileyo kwesi sifundo. Le intsebenziswano lutshintsha imbonakalo kwisifundo (subject) okanye ihlabathi embilwini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zaseprayimari okanye zokuqala umsebenzi ongaphandle, ukuba ekuhlaleni kubangelwa ziinkqubo ekugqibeleni ingena isicwangciso ebizwa ngokuba yi-ngaphakathi.

theory Umsebenzi lineqela nezimaphambili ezingundoqo, nayo leyo kunceda ukutyhila umongo walo.

Nawuphi na umsebenzi yabantu iye isakhiwo multi-umaleko entsonkothileyo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba lungohlulwa lube kumanqanaba eziliqela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, omnye ekuthiwa kwinqanaba lokuqala inyathelo. Phantsi intshukumo ngabo iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo yaye ezithile ezijoliswe ekuphumezeni injongo ethile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, oku iyunithi yokusebenza nawuphi na umsebenzi. Phantsi injongo ithathwa ukuba ibhekisele ekuzisweni umfanekiso wokugqibela abazi, leyo, enyanisweni, esi senzo ethile sele iqalisiwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ngcamango lomsebenzi uyayiqonda amanyathelo njengoko inkqubo lisezingqondweni ngokupheleleyo. Oku yayiqalwe okanye automatism. Ekubeni rhoqo edibene Injongo ebelisoloko ikhunjulwe isenzo kwi-sikhokelo le ndlela - ubunye mpawu ebonakalayo lomsebenzi seengcamango.

It iqulathe iiyunithi nezakhiwo - nemisebenzi okanye iindlela zokwenza izinto. Umsebenzi ke izakhono ezisekelwe. Umahluko phakathi kwabo kukuba abaqondi ukuba uzibophelele ngokuzenzekelayo (ngelixa intshukumo kusoloko usukelo abazi). Ekugqibeleni, lo inqanaba elisezantsi - iimpawu komzimba umzimba onoxanduva impumelelo / ukungaphumeleli, isantya kunye nomgangatho zoshishino.

Siye kwakhona ukuphunyezwa indlela yokusebenza. Noko ke, le ngcamango umsebenzi kwaye inikeza kucalulo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba owona msebenzi ngokwemiqathango ezixhasayo kunye nenjongo.

Le ngcamango apha yimfuneko - imfuneko kwezinye, nguye unobangela ntshikilelo emzimbeni, ekufuneka kwaneliswa. Ukuba nakho kwabantu emxelela indlela ombane ingacuthwa, oko kukuthi, uyazi, kwaye ufuna ukuba into ethile ukwanelisa kuyo, uphendlo ixhaswa injongo.

Ngokusekelwe kwinto yokuba abantu basoloko enze naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi, ithiyori nangokwasengqondweni umsebenzi sibalaselisa ezo ntlobo, ukuba eziziimpawu ngamnye ngexesha ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo obomi bakhe.

1. Ngokuxhomekeke-ecaleni noluqhathayo. Luphawulwa kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinane. Kids bafunda iimpawu zezinto, iimpawu kunye nezenzo zabo inokwenziwa nabo

2. Imidlalo. Abantwana bafunda ukuba basebenzisane kunye namanye, ukudala iqela badla ukunamathela kuzo. Phakathi imeko kuphuhlisa isicwangciso umdlalo.

3. Le misebenzi zoqeqesho. Luphawulwa abafundi yaye lujoliswe ukufunda ulwazi olutsha, ukuzityebisa ulwazi.

4. Vala contact. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba elivisayo abafuna ukuseka ubudlelwane loluntu, zama ukuba "phakathi", ukuze sibe yinxalenye yento enkulu, ukuba yamkelwe yaye aqondwe kwindawo yabo.

5. amava Umsebenzi kuba yinqobo abadala. Nanjengoko igama layo lixela, nto igxininisa ngendaleko yabantu emsebenzini kunye nomsebenzi.

Ngokusekelwe ingcamango A. N. Leonteva izazinzulu akukho ezibalaseleyo ngaphantsi D. B. Elkoninym kunye V. Davydovym yaqulunqa ngobhalo umsebenzi yokufunda apho ufunda ifuthe ngokwasengqondweni isifundo phezu komntwana tshintsho luza kwenzeka phantsi kwempembelelo yayo.