Imbali yezonyango kumaxhoba. amathambo aphukileyo, nemivumbo, komsipha

Nawuphi na umntu adibana ubuncinane kanye ebomini bakhe nabantu kwezonyango: oogqirha, abongikazi. Oku kwenzeka ngokuvisisana nokuthanda wethu. Xa sizalwa, aba bantu ukuba ukunika ukhathalelo zoncedo lokuqala. Kwinkqubo lobomi, ngethuba uviwo yobungcali, sinako sele ukubona oogqirha of amakhono ezahlukeneyo, ezifana kwiingcali ngokubanzi, endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, njalo-njalo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ukudibana ngengozi kunye traumatology. Ezi oogqirha ukuba ulungise imiphumo ezahlukeneyo iingozi. Oogqirha kweli cala inxulunyaniswa kunye udaka kwi ingalo okanye umlenze. Kodwa ngayo Ukophuka kuphela. Trauma yonke imihla ujongene enobunzima nezinye izinto ezimbi, ezifana komsipha, ukugruzuka okanye komsipha zenza imbali yezonyango kumaxhoba kunye nonyango emiselweyo. Nokulimala ngalinye kufuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nendlela yobungcali.

Ntoni na umothuko?

Trauma - elithile unyango kunye candelo yokujongana nemiba trauma umzimba kunye neendlela zonyango iimeko zophendlo lwezifo eziye zaphuhliswa ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni into esibuhlungu. Ngako oko, ugqirha walungisa kukulungisa le miba, ebizwa ngokuba traumatologist.

Kuxhomekeka into ebuhlungu kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokwenzakala:

1. Beats naziphi imizimba eziphathekayo kunye iindimbane. Kuxhomekeka amandla ifuthe kunye nohlobo lombandela ungadluliselwa sebenzisa phi ukwenzakala ukusuka kucel kuziphuko zendalo kunye amanxeba avulekileyo. Ngoku esibuhlungu, yamophula nemivumbo - amagama njalo. Ekubeni ke isiseko elithile.
2. Isiphumo sako nakuphi na ulwelo ndlongondlongo kunye neegesi. Kukhokelela kuphuhliso bengaphumelelanga zasekuhlaleni kunye / okanye bebonke. Le mizekelo umxhelo kakhulu chlorine kunye lwemostade. Apha ekhaya, le iigesi kubangele ubuhlungu kunye nomonakalo inwebu yangaphakathi kunye nesikhumba. System of action ngenxa yityhefu.
3. Ukubekwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu nezisezantsi. Oku kukhokelela ukutsha, frostbite.
4. Ukuboniswa kwezinto kwimitha. It ziluhlaza of, ukukhanya reyi ezinemitha. Kwimeko yokuqala ngayo ukuphuhlisa isilonda (umphumela local) kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo komzimba, kude sunstroke. Okwesibini - ukuphuhlisa isifo radiation.

Kodwa ke ngoku kwinqanaba elithile Traumatology iye emxinwa ngakumbi, yaye ngoku izibandakanye kuphela yokwenzakala ngomatshini, ezifana ukugruzuka, komsipha, waphuka. Zonke ezinye iintlobo yokwenzakala ezininzi kwezinye amakhono: kambustiologiya, utyando, nezifo zentliziyo, ubungakanani, Haematology.

Yintoni imbali trauma?

Imbali isifo - umboniso zonke iingongoma eziphambili Pathogenesis kunye nonyango. Kwaye imbali trauma Akukho ngaphandle. Kodwa babe eziliqela iimpawu ezithile.

• kuhlolo lokuqala kufuneka siqulathe isigaba eyahlulelwe ukuba indlela umdlali olimeleyo, ixesha, indawo kunye neemeko irisithi yayo.
• isimo Local kuba sisiseko iimviwo trauma. Ngoko ke, kuye ngoyaba. Yena nokubanjwa na iimviwo emphefumlweni.

Ukongeza, imbali yezonyango trauma kufuneka ibandakanye inkcazo zonke zazo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, lo protocol uba iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye nezinye iinkqubo zotyando.

Izinto ezibangela ophuka

Ukwa - ukungathobeli ngokupheleleyo okanye olungaphelelanga ukuthembakala ithambo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba trauma ngoomatshini. Kokuba isicelo zombini ngaphandle ukusuka eziphilayo.

Ukophuka ezibuhlungu ezinxulumene impembelelo mechanical lwangaphandle. Akhawunti ngokuba kuninzi lwabantu. Ezinxulumene nempembelelo ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo ngaphandle kwi ithambo. Ngaphezu koko, amandla kufuneka ingagqithi kwimiqathango amandla ithambo.

Ukophuka Pathologic - isiphumo yezizathu zangaphakathi. Umzekelo, ukutshatyalaliswa tuberculosis ithambo okanye ngenxa kwamathambo. Ngoko Ukophuka nga kungavela kumthwalo yesiqhelo.

Ukuhlelwa iintanda, iintlobo zazo

Ukuhlelwa ophuka isekelwe kwindlela eziliqela. Bonke bephela kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unyango lwabo. Kuxhomekeka umonakalo isikhumba bonke Ukophuka zahlulwe zibe vula iphinde ivalwe. Kuba Kunyanzeleke lokuqala umonakalo kwinxalenye ulusu ukuvelisa iziqwenga ithambo ngaphandle. Kwimeko apho ukwaphuka okuvala isikhumba konakale.

Kudla kukho zizele waphuka. iziqwenga Bone bahlukene ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yomonakalo ingqibelelo yayo. Ezi iintanda, yena, yahlulwe Ukophuka kunye ukubana nangaphandle. Ekuqaleni kukho ukubana amaqhekeza ithambo xa kuthelekiswa namanye. Kwimeko yesibini, amaqhekeza azikho iindawo. Umzekelo, ebuntwaneni umothuko kwenzeka kuhlobo ngokwaphulwa evaliweyo ngaphandle ukubana ngenxa amandla omkhulu periosteum. Trauma bayibiza "baphuke ngohlobo ngamasetyana eluhlaza."

Kuxhomekeka imilo ukunyhashwa ingqibelelo ithambo kukho iintlobo ezininzi waphuka:

1. Cross. umgca ukwa ukuba ubaleka nkqo ukuya ezimanyeneyo ithambo.
2. Ukophuka Longitudinal ezibizwa xa kumgca umonakalo kalukhuni zifana ukuya kumgca ithambo kulo.
3. ROOTN. Umgca ukuba esqwini kwi-engile ayilingani ° 90. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba ukwaphulwa esihlahleni yi elibhalwe ngokumileyo.
4. Kwamathambo akhiwa ujikelezo helical ngamaqhekeza isalamane ukuya axis yesiqhelo nangapha.
5. Comminuted. Isiza ukwa wavelisa iziqwenga ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezibini, indawo apho kuthelekiswa axis bone kwi nakanjanina.
6. Imnyama. Inxalenye wethambo iqukiwe lomzimba lomnye ithambo. Oku Zinjalo lithambo cancellous, umzekelo, ukuya omqolo. Kule hlobo ipipi ke kubizwa ngokuba negalelo. Ekubeni herniation ahlinzwe iziqwenga ithambo. Owona mzekelo umxhelo - eyaphukileyo umlenze kwamathambo kumbhobho jump phantsi.
7. Ukophuka ucinezelo - umonakalo iindawo ezimbini zoqhagamshelwano amathambo ngaphandle umgca ecacileyo. Kwakhona kuyenzeka trauma ithambo cancellous. Le umqolo kunye isinqe.

Iinketho ezizodwa zithathwa ekuthiwa-waphuka ezingaphelelanga. Apha, umonakalo akugqiba intshabalalo engaphelelanga ingqibelelo bone: oqhiphuke umbilini, zonakaliswe periosteum.

Ekugqibeleni, bonke yamophula zahlulwe zibe lula lula. Iqela lokuqala luquka naluphi na ukuphazamiseka ezibalulekileyo zophendlo lwezifo ezibangelwa yokwenzakala.

• Umothuko. Iintlungu kunye nokopha.
• umonakalo zomzimba. Akumangalisi ukuba amathambo, ibekwe kufutshane okusingqongileyo yangaphakathi emzimbeni. Ezifana iimbambo, isinqe kunye umqolo.
• occlusion semithambo okanye Embolism. Kwaye ukuba oko kunokuba imithambo ezikufuphi ngemithambo. Ngamanye amaxesha, embolization ixhomekeke iimpahla ukuba kude kwindawo yokwenzakala. Xa Ukophuka zixhaphakileyo fat Embolism. Ekubeni ngexesha kutyunyuzwa uhlanga ijwabu kukwenzakala. Ukuquka amafutha. Ehlukanisiwe ne ngokulula amathontsi lipid angene ngenxa iimpahla ezonakeleyo kwi egazini kwaye ibangele Ukuxinana nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba.
• usulelo nxeba. Oku kwenzeka kuphela xa ulusu yonakele. Kuyo enxulumene kwii mahala ezincinane kwimimandla ezonakeleyo ngesikhumba.
• Nokudumba. Umphumela usulelo nxeba. arhente ezisulelayo faka egazini wonke umzimba, ekusekeni nakujoliso olutsha peripheral suppurative.
• Osteomyelitis. Ubovu ukudumba ithambo.

Ukophuka ayinzima akukho zimpawu iimeko ezichazwe ngentla zophendlo lwezifo. Oku, umzekelo, ezinjengokwaphuka closed ngaphandle ukubana amaqhekeza aseleyo.

Elisebenzayo

Naluphi na unyango ukwa ijolise ukubuyisela isidima ithambo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, naziphi na iindlela ezinokubakho.

iindlela Conservative. Ziquka yonke imisebenzi ezingabandakanyi ukusetyenziswa zotyando. Ezi ziquka gypsum kunye bandaging tight. Umzekelo, ephatha esihlahleni eyaphukileyo. Abanye amathuba apha ziquka imoto skeletal. Ekubeni kuyimfuneko ukulungisa imingxuma iiasi yokomba kwi ithambo ngendlela eya iqhotyoshelwe imithwalo.

ubuchule zotyando na ukusetyenziswa amacwecwe ezahlukeneyo, nezikhonkwane, ezityiwa, kunye nezinye izixhobo ukubuyisela ingqibelelo ithambo. Zonke ezi zixhobo aqhotyoshelwe ngqo amathambo ukubuyisela ingqibelelo yayo. Emva fusion amaqhekeza ithambo, zonke izakhiwo ziyasuswa. Ngokwendalo, imbali yezonyango trauma ezifunekayo ukuze ubonise oku.

Kunye isenzo mechanical kwisiza ezinjengokwaphuka wabelwe kuthomalaliso systemic. Injongo yalo - ukuphucula isondlo kweeseli ithambo. Oku kuya kwandisa isantya inkqubo yokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo. Nkqu ebuntwaneni lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba rhoqo kufuna unyango systemic. Yena, ke, lingaphantsi ucaca ngakumbi kubantu abadala.

Amanxeba: ukujonga njani na ukwenzakala?

Phantsi kwakuthetha ukulimala ebuhlungu kwinyama ngaphandle utshintsho kubume. Kakade ke, ukuba olu hlobo yokwenzakala lwenzeka kwi ancedisana ezitofotofo baba ngokubonakalayo amathuba okuba ngaphezu okuqinileyo.

Ukuba amtyhile ukutyumka lula. Yanele ukuba ubunyani sesichengeni kwindawo ethile kunye intlungu kamva. Xa oku akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubukho lokutyunyuzwa, ububomvu kunye iindumbisa yasekuhlaleni. Umzekelo, unyawo evikivekileyo kaninzi kwenzeka ngaphandle iimpawu zangaphandle.

Isiseko salo naliphina nenxeba umonakalo ezityeni yegazi encinane kwithishyu. Ngenxa yezi zokuphuma plasma (okanye igazi). It Oluma esikule, ebangela ukuvuselela esisigxina ngomatshini of receptor intlungu. Ehleliyo ekufukukeni apho ngaphezulu, intlungu ucaca ngakumbi. Kodwa lo mthetho usebenza kwizihlunu ezithambileyo. Kwimeko loxinano elingumxube angavela ngokwahlukileyo. Unyawo efanayo ukwenzakala kunokuba kakhulu buhlungu xa kungekho zimpawu zangaphandle.

unyango

Unyango zokwenzakala kudla ekuthiwa-nomqondiso. Ukulungiselela le njongo, analgesics ezahlukeneyo. Ngoncedo lwabo, luyazithomalalisa iintlungu, anikwe umzimba ukuba alungise umonakalo ngokwakho.

unyango ezinkulu kuyimfuneko kwimeko ubungqongqo iimpawu zangaphandle phambi iingxaki. Ngenxa yoko, ukutyumka eyomeleleyo kungafuna isiqabu kuphela ngokwaneleyo iintlungu, kodwa ukusetyenziswa iintlungu zasekuhlaleni okanye uqhaqho.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukutyumka eyomeleleyo kufuneka tufwile, njengoko oku kuba sisiqalo njengokonzakala ngakumbi kakhulu, naxa ostustvii iimpawu zayo ngexesha ikhwelo lokuqala uncedo lonyango.

Dislocation: Iimpawu and Treatment

Dislocation - uhlobo yokwenzakala, uphula lobume oluqhelekileyo ekubanjiswene lo gama kugcinwe ukuthembeka zonke izicwili yayo. Yena kwenzeka ngenxa yesenzo ngoomatshini lwangaphandle, nangenxa yokuba iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo. It arthrosis, samathambo.

Eli lokuqala (kwaye unyanisekileyo) - uluhlu ukuhla sentshukumo kwi entlanganweni. Kwindawo yesibini yenye inkalo ebalulekileyo - loo nto ngokutshintsha imilo entlanganweni. Trauma utshintsho olunjalo ubizwa ngokuba "ubunzima".

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa dislocation? Kakade ke, ukuze anciphise. Kodwa le nkqubo kungcono ukuba ugqirha abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa. Kungenjalo, ukuze ufumane yokwenzakala kakhulu. Amalunga, ingakumbi abantwana, zibuthathaka kakhulu, ngoko iingcali olunokufuneka ungenelelo xa kuvela iingxaki.

Kodwa yintoni na enawe dislocation, ukuba kwenzeka kude uncedo lwezonyango kunokwenzeka? Kuyimfuneko ukuba icele entlanganweni. Yintoni ngebhandishi ephezulu uyasetyenziswa. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka kubalulekile ukuya yincutshe.

iimpawu yolula

Ukolula - kukwandisa ubude longitudinal le nemisipha ngenxa ukwahlulwa ngamaqela. Ukuphonononga amaphaphu kwi kwinqanaba zeselula, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba kusoloko kukho lamashumi imicu emihle.

Yangaphandle iimpawu ukugogeka zezi:

• buhlungu;
• ayanda;
• uhlobo.

Umbuzo of yokuphatha indlela enyelisa, akuxhomekekanga kulo naliphi na iyeza okanye unyango olulodwa. Kwimeko apho ngezifo ufuna ukuphumla, ukukhathalelwa kunye zomzimba.

Singabala ebuntwaneni eyingozi ngakumbi?

Ebuntwaneni, njengoko ukukhula ngokugqithisileyo amathambo. Ngoko ke, uphuhliso periosteum na ubuninzi, kunye zomzimba nokuqina uye okubuyela kwimo ephezulu. Oku kuya kubonakala ukuba negalelo kwindlela entle kakhulu nokuphola ukulimala. Ngoko ke, lo mbuzo, "Indlela yokuphatha imimoya abantwana?" Iingcali ezininzi musa kubona naziphi na iingxaki.

Kodwa kukho ezinye kwimigibe. Ngapha koko, unxinzelelo ubuntwana ekugqibeleni ushiye, azafunyanelwa ndawo phezu iinkqubo zokukhula. Kunokuchitha izibonelelo zabo ukukhula inxaxheba kwaye ukuyilwa iiseli ezintsha, umzimba kunyanzeleka ukuba asebenzise ixesha elixabisekileyo kwakhona.

Ekugqibeleni, ingozi enkulu yokwenzakala umntwana abadala kufuneka sihlolwe, kwaye, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, nabantwana bebodwa iimpawu zayo. Esinokubangela abafayo ebomini. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abadala bafuna abantwana babo bakhule ebantwini bhetyebhetye kwaye esebenzayo, hayi ukuba oko amava ngokwaneleyo kunye nolwazi. Ngenxa yemigudu eyomeleziweyo ukuqonda amaphupha abo ngabazali endaweni ukukhula kwabantwana bamqumbise iingozi.