Iinjongo Environmental kunye neenjongo zokusingqongileyo. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo esweni lokusingqongileyo

iinjongo eziphambili esingqongileyo kunye neenjongo zokusingqongileyo zezi ukwenza inkqubo ulwazi ikuvumela ukuba ufumane inkcazelo eyinyaniso malunga nemeko yokusingqongileyo, utshintsho amacandelo zasemanzini kunye emzimbeni phantsi kwempembelelo yeemeko anthropogenic nezendalo.

Iingxaki ukuba Iconjululwe ekuqapheleni lokusingqongileyo

Fumanisa iindawo eziphambili enxulumene nezi zifundo. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo ze esweni yokusingqongileyo :

• ukufumana iinkcukacha zaseprayimari, inkqubo yayo, systematization, uhlalutyo, ukwakhiwa zolwazi;
• processing kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi ngohlobo neemephu, iigrafu, iitheyibhile;
• ixesha langoku kunye nokuphuculwa neendlela ukulungiselela ulwazi ephambili;
• Ukuhlolwa kwesimo yokwenene engqongileyo, kwakunye ukuba liqikelele elizayo;
• ngokuchonga unobangela kunye neziphumo anokubakho karhulumente waphawula;
• ukusebenza ulwazi olufunekayo kumaqela anomdla.

Iinjongo kunye neenjongo esweni zokusingqongileyo kutshiwo ngasentla, negalelo nokwamkelwa izigqibo zokusebenza kule nkalo kulawulo lokusingqongileyo. Wezulu idinga ukuphuhlisa izisombululo enzelwe ixesha elide.

Isiseko iliso lokusingqongileyo

imisebenzi enjalo zisekelwe kwimigaqo ezintathu eziphambili:

• ngendlela;
• ubuxhakaxhaka;
• commonality.

Ezi parameters igalelo ekwakhiweni kwenkqubo esweni lokusingqongileyo ukuthini esi isicelo ezithile amacandelo:

• Ukukhetha izinto kunye neempawu iliso aqinisekiswe;
• ukudalwa amanqaku ubonwa ezizodwa;
• systematization of data, uhlahlelo kunye novavanyo imeko yokusingqongileyo;
• ngokutsha kolwazi kunye sezisombululo ukufumana iindlela ukuphelisa iingxaki kwi imeko esingqongileyo.

Ubume esweni lokusingqongileyo

Oku kusekelwe iibhloko ezine eziphambili:

• database;
• unit inethiwekhi;
• ulwazi block;
• inkqubo yolawulo.

Yinxalenye yenkqubo yokubeka esweni esingqongileyo ingqalelo imo kwenkqubo yolawulo kwenkqubo yokusebenza, kuba iinkcukacha malunga nokusingqongileyo yokwenene kunye neentsingiselo ingqalelo isiseko ekudalweni-nkqubo eyodwa esingqongileyo, yaye ucwangciso nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nentlalo kwiindawo ezithile.

Iinjongo kunye neenjongo ze-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo - ukulondoloza bume yendalo, ukuphucula inkcubeko ingxoxo phakathi komntu kunye nendalo.

Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi efunyenwe esweni

Iinjongo Environmental kunye nemisebenzi yokusingqongileyo lwenziwa ngexesha esweni, ukuvumela-arhente elawulayo ukufumana ulwazi ukusetyenziswa:

• ucwangciso kwimisebenzi ejolise ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo;
• Ukukhetha imisebenzi ephambili;
• kweliso novandlakanyo nengqiqo ezahlukeneyo amanyathelo ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo,
• uphuhliso ngamanyathelo ethutyana ukunciphisa ungcoliseko kwezo ndawo apho bekubona overshoots xi avumelekile;
• ekuhloleni ukuthotyelwa imigangatho kunye nezithethe yento quality zendalo;
• ekufumaneni ulwazi lombutho zophando lwezenzululwazi;
• ngokuwenza imimiselo yemithetho echaphazelekayo.

Umba kwezoqoqosho lixesha ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso inkqubo yokubeka esweni. Izifundo kuvavanywa izixhobo ezifanayo kunye neendlela, athe bakhethwa ukuba esweni kunye imisebenzi emiselweyo ukuya kubasebenzi. Ngenxa iziphumo ezifunyenweyo kuyenzeka ukuba ulungise umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ngaphakathi komda wemisebenzi ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo.

entsimini nkqubo yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo

Kangangexesha elide iinjongo yokusingqongileyo kunye neenjongo zokusingqongileyo zisekelwe imibono zilandelayo:

• isenzo iingozi olwenziwe ngumntu umzimba womntu ngenxa lingadluli lamanani umda ukuba kwezinto radioactive yaye ityhefu kwimeko-bume (Mac);

• Abantu sensitive ukuba kunokwenzeka nefuthe elibi izinto kwicala ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila, kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka ikhuselwe ngurhulumente.

Loo ndlela kuphando lokusingqongileyo kubandakanya uphuhliso kwamanyathelo olawulo, ngenxa yokuba umgaqo esinjalo ulawulo olwaneleyo zobugcisa phezu imisebenzi arhente iinkonzo zempilo kunye nombutho kwiinkqubo zonyango kumashishini. Amava asibonise besimo indlela enjalo, ngokusebenzisa iinjongo esingqongileyo kunye neenjongo zokusingqongileyo ayikwazi ukuba kusonjululwe. Kukho iikhemikhali eziyingozi nkqu izixa ezincinane kunokubangela nefuthe elibi emzimbeni womntu, kuphazamise ukutya. nemigangatho ucoceko MPC zidla akabaxwa ngokwenyani, ukuba yingozi ezininzi eziphilayo, imithi, Conifers, ulele.

esweni Integrated

Ziziphi iinjongo eziphambili kunye neenjongo novavanyo lwefuthe lokusingqongileyo? Kukho iinkqubo ezizodwa olubandakanya ukwenza esweni elukhuni uvavanyo olunzulu iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo. Oko kuquka esweni ebanzi?

1. Uviwo iimpembelelo zehlabathi kumphezulu womhlaba, umzekelo, uhlalutyo ingxaki ezinxulumene ne kokukhutshwa carbon dioxide kunye halocarbon kusitsha.
2. iingxaki zommandla lokusingqongileyo, leyo kunganeziphumo kuchaphazela amaqela angabamelwane kumazwe. Umzekelo, ngenxa kwizithuthi cross-emdeni ndlongondlongo iikhemikhali umoya yamanzi ongcolileyo angcakacileyo ulwandle ihlathi.
3. imiba Local enxulumene indawo encane. Kulo mzekelo, injongo kokusingqongileyo eziphilayo ingxaki enkulu zibandakanya ukumisela umgangatho wamanzi okusela, lo ubhaqo ubungakanani umxholo emhlabeni kuhlalutyo metal elinzima imeko umaleko womhlaba.

Izinga le nkqubo yokubeka esweni lokusingqongileyo

Monitoring lwenziwa zombini kwi kwindawo encinane, yaye ehlabathini lonke (ehlabathini). Ngokusekelwe kwi-lwazi ezithathwe kuhlalutywa biosphere iyonke.

esweni National

Libhekisela kwinkqubo yophando kulo mmandla welizwe. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo novavanyo lwefuthe kokusingqongileyo hlobo - ukunikezela ulwazi nokuvavanya imo indlela yokusebenza ngokomdla wokhuseleko wesizwe. Ngenxa yokwanda kwamanqanaba zongcoliseko kwezinye izixeko okanye iindawo kwezoshishino kuthathwa amanyathelo basekuhlaleni ukuze kulungiswe iingxaki ezichongiweyo.

Imfundo ngokusiNgqongileyo kumaziko emfundo

Ngenxa ukungxamiseka yeengxaki ezinxulumene ne nokungcoliswa kwiindawo zendalo imichiza, kwinkqubo yemfundo mihla uhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo nokusekwa isizukulwana aselula iziseko nenkcubeko eziphilayo. Abantwana phantsi kwesikhokelo nomcebisi wakhe, ukwenza izifundo zabo esweni ukuze bacombulule iingxaki ezithile eziphathelele kukwehla umgangatho wamanzi okusela. Lijonge kunye neenjongo zale projekthi lokusingqongileyo kuxhomekeke apho ingxaki ufuna ukufunda, ukubona, ukuhlalutya umfundi. Umzekelo, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi okusela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zezo lali, ukuze ufumanise ubunzima ngoku, ukuze banikele amayeza abo. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo zemfundo yokusingqongileyo zilawulwa yi imigangatho federal zemfundo sizukulwana yesibini, ejolise imfundo kubantu abaselula sengqondo ukumelana nayo indalo. preschools abaninzi wakhethwa ugqaliselo nemisebenzi yayo okusingqongileyo. Zeziphi ezi njongo, iinjongo, kunye nemfundo ngokusingqongileyo ephambili epriskuli? Abantwana bafumana imithetho yokuziphatha ehlathini, ukuhlola izityalo ezinqabileyo, bafunde ukwahlula phakathi iintyatyambo kuluncedo kwaye ezinobuhlungu, amakhowa.

mthetho lokusingqongileyo

Ngenxa yokuba ukuba ukwanda yakutshanje komsi omnyama okungagunyaziswanga amashishini amakhulu orhwebo yeekhemikhali eziyingozi imibuzo efanelekileyo zibe ukhuselo lomthetho ukusuka uhlobo eziyingozi ukusuleleka kwabantu. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo zomthetho zokusingqongileyo kulawulwa ngumthetho Russian. Ubonelela uxanduva ukunyhashwa imithetho yendalo, anikwe onke amanyathelo anokuthi athathwe violators. imveliso yemichiza Large ukunikela ingqalelo ngokukhethekileyo ekudalweni izibonelelo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo ethintela kwii-umoya namanzi izinto eziyityhefu. Zintoni iinjongo zokusingqongileyo kunye neenjongo, ukuba esweni imisebenzi kwiiplanti zeekhemikali? Xa amanzi elithile kuthathwe isampulu, umhlaba, umoya, iziphumo zohlalutyo ubuninzi nobulunga kwiisampuli ezithelekisayo sizimisele uluhlu nokunyamezelana. Ukuba kubonakele yanyhashwa, kwenziwe uphicotho lokusingqongileyo. Iinjongo nemisebenzi zixhomekeke nkcukacha zombutho, kodwa ubukhulu becala umalunga nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa zonke iimfuno zokhuseleko. Ukuba iziphumo zibonisa ukuba kukho iingxaki ezinkulu, umbuzo ityala lolwaphulo kwi ubunyani iphula imithetho yokusingqongileyo.

isiphelo

esweni Environmental yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lwabantu abaphila emhlabeni. Kungenxa yoko le nto ilizwe ngalinye izama ukufumana izibonelelo eziphathekayo lokuququzelela yophando ijolise ekusombululeni iingxaki ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo. Ukuze le njongo ihambelana nomgaqo-nkqubo kulawulo lokusingqongileyo eli lizwe, kukho umkhwa-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo. Lo yesebe mthetho kuthetha nemimiselo ethile, ezicacisayo zonke iimfuno zeenkampani ezinkulu kunye namashishini, kwakunye nezo amanyathelo anoxanduva ekufuneka athathwe kubo kwimeko ngokutyeshelwa mimiselo. Kwisizukulwana esitsha, inkcubeko eziphilayo, uqeqesho ekhethekileyo imvelo ebiqaliswe sele ibakala pre-school kunye nemfundo yesikolo iye yasekwa. Eklasini abantwana bafunda ukuba anyamekele bume, ukusetyenziswa eyiyo kwezibonelelo zendalo. imigangatho ezintsha federal yemfundo besizukulwana yesibini ibandakanya ukuyilwa umnqweno abafundi ukuba uphando oluzimeleyo uphahla nakulawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo ukuze uphando lokusingqongileyo esweni.