Iimpawu ukusebenza of Lermontov: imiba, imixholo kunye neendlela zobugcisa

Features Lermontov wafunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Okokuqala, abafundi imibongo kuphela wembongi, ngoko, kwibakala 8, inoveli "A uHero Ixesha yethu", kwaye kwibakala 10 ukuphinda kwezabelo eziqala. Kakade ke, ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi imbongi enkulu umbhali kunokuba kuphela omdala ngakumbi. bengqondo anzulu yemisebenzi yakhe ayikho amandla wonke. Mihaila Lermontova ubuqambi kwakhona intsimi echumayo imisebenzi zoncwadi. Ngapha koko, kukho ubuqili ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

Periodization bobuchule M. Yu. Lermontova

Sinokuthi ukuba imbongi impela lwesihloko. Kunzima ukuqaqambisa naliphi na ixesha, utshintsho Outlook. Noko ke, wagqiba ekubeni kubabela elo namaxesha Lermontov phambi kwexesha nasemva kwexesha. Amazwe ke oko wabhala umbongo ozinikezele ekufeni Pushkin kaThixo, "Ukufa a Imbongi". Ngokubanzi, ukuphelelwa A. S. Pushkina yaba kukutshintsha ngenxa Lermontov. Ke kaloku waqala ukuva kwimfanelo esemagxeni kuye ozothatha imbongi lokuqala lweli lizwe. Ngoko ke, yonke into uMikhail wabhalela 1837 - ekuqaleni amazwi womculo, yaye emva - emva kwexesha.

umsebenzi Iimpawu Lermontov ixesha lokuqala

Imbongi ukubhala ekuseni kakhulu. Ukuba Pushkin etha malunga amathemba, umsebenzi lyceum yayizele ezilindelekileyo, ngoko Lermontov waqalisa ndidandathekile. Ngapha koko, oku Decembrists kubhuqwa, bathunyelwa entolongweni okanye babulawe. Ukunganeliseki kunye ubunyani ojikeleze imbongi bawo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, yaye kubonakala kule mihobe ekuqaleni. Kakade ke, lo imveliso kwiminyaka engaphambili anikwe boyish. Xa imisebenzi yokuqala myalelo yaqaphela kule ncwadi, njengoko Romanticism. Sibona ngemisebenzi Lermontov uphawu yokwahlulahlula romantic ngokoqobo kwihlabathi emhlabeni, i-real, yaye ihlabathi amaphupha, iphiko, leyo ongathanda ukufumana hero lyrical. ubuchule ngakumbi yingxaki Lermontov sikuko yokuba imbongi phantse akukho miba oluntu kunye nezopolitiko. Akazange ukuvusa umba serfdom, singasathethi ke nalwazelelelo koogunyaziwe. Kodwa sinako unokuthekelela malunga ukungoneliseki kwayo yemibongo lunikezelwa kwilali Russian okanye umxholo imbongi kunye nemibongo. Kodwa enkulu ingxaki Lermontov - engqondweni. Ukususela ivesi lokuqala izandi intshukumisa ngokucacileyo ubulolo leyo ngokuhamba ixesha ziyanyuswa uguqulwe.

umfanekiso yidemon kule lyric ekuqaleni

Ekuqaleni, Lermontov ukhe wakha phezu kweli umsebenzi IsiNgesi Romantics, ingakumbi, George Byron. Xa imbongi IsiNgesi wawubonisa umfanekiso ziidemon. Ubuchule esidityaniswe romantics loo ndlela, kungekhona isipho, kwakunye sisiqalekiso. Imbongi oselula Lermontov (kunye beqhawe ombambazelayo) siqinisekile ukuba yena idemon akanakuze ukufumana indawo kule iphela. Emva kokuba idemon ikhutshiwe ezulwini, kodwa emhlabeni abantu abazange bayamkele. Ngoku ke ngeke abhadule phakathi kwawo amaphakade ezimbini, wagwetywa ubulolo elingunaphakade kubo. Lo mfanekiso idemon ngokusondeleyo edibene nendlela zemibongo, njengesiphango. Ngapha koko, le idemon ogama element "ububi ibandla", uthanda kwisiphango enobungozi kwaye nangomdla. Features bokuyila Lermontov kaThixo wabonakaliswa kuyo: ngokuqhelekileyo ukubandezeleka ombambazelayo okhathalele, ukulwela uxolo, bezolile, ubomi ngoxolo. Hayi ke iqhawe Lermontov; ufuna ukuphila, ukuba "bacinge ze ubunzima." injabulo cwaka wayengekho kuye, ubomi kuphela apho lwadamba, kunokutshiseka. Umzekelo inqubo onjalo usinika umbongo "Sail": "Kwaye yena, lo mvukeli, abuze isaqhwithi, ngokungathi kukho uxolo iinkqwithela."

Late lyrics Lermontov

Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova ubuchule kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle lisuswe naliphi na ixesha. Kwimibongo lyric emva utshintsho injalo. Ukuba ngaphambili Lermontov ityala lonke ihlabathi ngenxa iinkathazo zabo, ubunzima ukusuka ukungaqondi kunye ubulolo, ndandingakwazi kuyinyamezela into yokuba akazange nje, kodwa ngoku wagxila kakhulu. Kunye nemibongo yakhe zizele intlungu nosizi, baba okungakumbi iqinisekiswa engqondweni ngakumbi. Le motif ubulolo ngokusondeleyo osondela motif ebhadula nokufumana indawo ebomini. Nangona kunjalo, ezi neyokudinga iphethe nto.

zefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo

iingxaki ezinjalo zisoloko unomdla mbongi. Kodwa bulumko psychology bekusoloko sehlukana kuye. Ekuqaleni Lermontov ubonisa isimo sabo ehlabathini kwaye ebomini. Yena phantse lonke wenza oku ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso yendalo. Omnye umzekelo lo mbongo "Xa amaza yellowing kwifama." imifanekiso zesihobe eqaqambileyo kakhulu ezifumaneka kulo msebenzi lyrical. Izityalo imbongi ifanisa kunye izinto eziphilileyo, uvakalelwa nabo ngokuzikhanyeza ayahlukahlukenanga, into, ngelishwa, angacingi xa usebenza nabantu. Kungenxa yobume Lermontov ufumana intuthuzelo, uqala ku va nobunye ngokwayo. Ngaphezu koko, inyaniso eziphezulu ( "Ngo ezulwini ndiya kumbona uThixo") wavula kuye.

A ngendlela efanayo yenye yemibongo yokugqibela - "Mna lophuma lodwa endleleni." Apha, indalo uchazwa gingxi, loo nto izinto ezikhoyo ngokwahlukileyo, kunye nendalo nepheleleyo, apho "inkwenkwezi star utsho." Kodwa ngeli thuba le mbongi angacingi uzolile. Kube buhlungu kwaye kunzima. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala wonke umsebenzi unqwenela kuphumla. Kodwa ke abanye, esithi Lermontov, yahlukile kule ntetho njengesiqhelo. Ngapha koko, ngoko ufuna ukubona kusoloko uhlobo elichumayo, ukuba azive umoya uve intshukumo lothando.

Umxholo imbongi nemibongo

Iimpawu bobuchule M. Yu. Lermontova ayikwazi kuqwalaselwa ngokuzimeleyo evela izihloko ezifana imibongo. Ngoko ke iivesi ezithetha malunga nomsebenzi lokubhala, isipho, kuphunyezwa imigaqo esisiseko Outlook lehlabathi wembongi. Umzekelo okuphawuleka umbongo "umprofeti". Kulo imbongi luhlobo yencoko ne Pushkin. Yena uqala kumbongo wakhe mzuzu apho wayeka yake Pushkin, "UThixo wanika imbongi lwayo lwe umprofeti, nangona kunjalo, ukuba Pushkin wayethembe into eza." Burn iintliziyo zabantu isenzi ", Lermontov, ngokuchasene noko, nemvo wokupheliswa ayibona ngayo kwabanye. kuphela ulunya nesono. ufuna, ezifana Pushkin, xa igama ukufikelela ebantwini, kodwa akaba nako ukuyenza loo nto. Ngapha koko, abantu (isihlwele uncomprehending) nimmangalele nakratshi. umahluko phakathi imbongi kwaye isihlwele yenye iimpawu eziphambili kwimibongo Lermontov kaThixo.

Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa umbongo "lo mfundi"

Lo mbongo kubonakalise, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, nemigaqo imibongo yothando. Kodwa kukho kuso, kunye neempawu bokuhlala umsebenzi Lermontov. Emfutshane Imbali yile ilandelayo: umfana, ukhulele eMonastri, wayefuna ukuba simahla, kodwa suku phezu uya konakaliswa kuye. Makhwelo - indela uninitiated - ubomi bam bonke waziva ngathi ibanjwa. Yena a hero ekuqhelekileyo naye, kuba lowo ihlabathi apho ahlala kukhona. Makhwelo wayefuna ukuba ubomi bafunde zonke obubonakala. Wazithanda ubuhle bendalo kunye sibe uhambe emahlathini. umbono Special kuye ilizwi abatsha Georgians. Simve, abo basandula kuqalisa waqonda ukuba isimahla. Ehlathini, waya phezu njengengwe - isimntwiso amandla nesibindi. Ngokulinganayo idabi wabulala ingwe, nabo basandula kuqalisa ifumana inxeba obulalayo. Lo mbongo ubonisa i Lyubov Lermontova ukuya uhlobo zaseCaucasus. imbongi ngakhanyi kakhulu kwaye inemibalabala ichaza ubuhle bendawo. Kulo mbongo, kuthwelwe kakhulu ngokupheleleyo iimpawu bezobugcisa umsebenzi Lermontov. Image bendalo kuwo ngamazinga kunye imizobo ukuba imbongi ngokwakhe ipeyintwe ngexesha uhambo kumzantsi eRashiya neCaucasus.

I inoveli "A Hero Ixesha Wethu"

Lo msebenzi iprozi, nayo leyo thaca ngokucacileyo iimpawu uyilo Lermontov. I inoveli polemical kakhulu. Iintsingiselo ezohlukeneyo yohlobo umlinganiswa ophambili - Pechorin. Abaphandi bayaphikisana indlela yokunxulumanisa beqhawe Lermontov nokuba ukubiza Pechorin kabini imbongi ngokwakhe. Kakade ke, njengabo bonke ubuchule Lermontov, le inoveli ezibambe ngokuphila kwakhe. Ukufana hero ne ubuso zombhali; nguye eCaucasus, xa abeyedwa, xa inkcaso kwabanye. Noko ke, siqonde Pechorin iimpawu ezininzi kakhulu demoni kuphela okubi, ngoko ukuba umbhali ngokucacileyo Pechorin hero yonke into ilizwi.

Xa inoveli, siye saqonda ubuchule yombhali-ngengqondo. Kwelinye icala, Pechorin lenza uvelwano umfundi, kodwa kwelinye icala asinakho, bathi ukuba yindoda elungileyo. Ukhohlisa amantombazana, yena ocekisa abantu kanye ubulala Grushnitsky Kungquzulwano. Kodwa yena smart, yena onyanisekileyo, iziphethe. Lermontov usebenzisa isixhobo ubugcisa bengqondo, njengokuba iinkcukacha. izinto ezimbi isimilo Pechorin ebonakalaliswe kule nkcukacha zincinane: kwi iintshukumo bethetha emfihlekweni wakhe, ukuziphatha kwakhe Maksimom Maksimychem, nto leyo ithetha silwa wakhe kunye nabantu ngabantu, naxa ngeenyembezi zakhe, ezithi zivele kungekhona intlungu kodwa walimala ikratshi. Ngaphezu koko, kwinoveli, singafumana imizekelo ka okukhona engqondweni.

Le noveli ingabizwa yentanda ngokuzithemba ngokupheleleyo. Kulo umbhali othetha ubuhlobo kunye nothando, nekamva lethu. Zonke isenzo yakhiwe kwi umlinganiswa central - Pechorin, yaye zonke nokubhaleka weza kuye. Kodwa ke, eli bali uyadika nantsi: ubuntu kangaka ezininzi kunye nezintsonkothileyo Pechorin.

iziphetho jikelele

Ngoko ke, lo mxholo uphambili ngemisebenzi Lermontov.

1. Umxholo indalo. Lidla lu dityanisiwe imibuzo bulumko.
2. Umxholo elilolo. Kwezinye imibongo nzima injongo uhambo.
3. Umxholo wembongi kunye nemibongo. Yintoni isipho zemibongo, apho kufuneka kwisihobe, yintoni intsingiselo yayo ehlabathini namhlanje.
4. Lo mxholo lothando. She Lermontov Kwakhona zipeyintwe ngezandi ezimnyama, uthando ngemibongo zifakiwe kwi qela weendawo lwemibongo malunga sodwa.

Ubuchule Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova kwakugcwele kakuhle kunye neemvakalelo ezinzulu. Mhlawumbi amazwi kuyo nomtsalane kangangokuba kuba kuwo yena wabeka umphefumlo wakhe; ngokuba beqhawe ombambazelayo phantse alohlukaniswa umbhali. Kakade ke, italente Lermontov bukaThixo bubonakala nje kuphela kwinqanaba umxholo, kodwa kwinqanaba ifomu. Iivesi ezininzi imbongi (ingakumbi kumsebenzi kamva) incinci kakhulu ngobukhulu, kodwa inzulu kakhulu yaye capacious.