Iimpawu edlalwa yaseChekhov xa ngokufutshane: "I-Cherry Orchard," "The Inqina", "Malume Vanya"

Iimpawu edlalwa yaseChekhov amaninzi kuqatshelwe njengoko ezintsha abaculi ezininzi. VI Nemirovich-Danchenko and K. S. Stanislavsky abonwe kuqala kwi intshukumo ezinkulu nemidlalo ye "impembelelo efihlakeleyo" yaseChekhov ukuba into eyenzekayo emva kwiingxaki lwangaphandle uyayigubungela yangaphakathi flow ombambazelayo olusondeleyo oluqhubekayo. Benza konke okusemandleni ukuba azise ukutyhilwa entsha edlalwa yaseChekhov ukuba abaphulaphuli. Kulo mzekelo idrama "I Cherry Orchard," "The Inqina", "Malume Vanya" siqwalasela ngokuphuma bezobugcisa imisebenzi yalo mbhali.

Inkcazelo yokuphila

Iimpawu edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo ekulula ukuyibona kwenye edlalwa yakhe edumileyo - ". I-Cherry Orchard" Eyona Umgaqo yayo ukoyisa iindibano kumabala emidlalo imidlalo yemveli imisebenzi benkulungwane XVIII. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba yaseChekhov wayefuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba imeko yonke ebomini. Ngokomzekelo, xa intliziyo "I Cherry Orchard" sesona siganeko zesiqhelo - intengiso welifa lokujongana namatyala ilizwe kunokuba akhethe phakathi komsebenzi kunye nemvakalelo, eziqwenga umphefumlo umlinganiswa, hayi ingozi ebulalayo kwezizwe kunye nookumkani, amaqhawe villains. Wemidlalo selithe ngokupheleleyo yangaphandle sebali yokonwabisa egameni zeziganeko elula ayinzima, efuna ukubonisa ukuba urhulumente imihla hero akukho ngaphantsi obuhlabanayo.

abalinganiswa edidayo

Iimpawu dramaturgy yaseChekhov kaThixo (10 eklasini abenza esi sifundo ngokweenkcukacha) nazo iqatshelwe inkcazelo yabalinganiswa. Umzekelo, kulo mdlalo "I Cherry Orchard" Akukho obangela azinikele okanye obangela. LOPAKHIN umthengisi othenga ilifa zemastas ukwenzela amatyala, - indoda kunye umphefumlo ethe. Ayikatshintshi ngayo ubushushu wamphatha Ranevskaya ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ukususela intliziyo, yaye ucela ukuba ukunceda kuhlangula Gaev estate - inikezela igadi kwiziza lizwe ngamnye. Kwakhona, ngaphandle ingcamango yesibini, unika Lyubovi Andreevne ematyaleni, mhlawumbi esazi ukuba akazange abuye. Noko ke, oko LOPAKHIN uthenga kwilifa kwaye unika ukuze ukugawula imithi cherry, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ukuphuma ezindala. Ngelo xesha yena wayengekho nokuba uyazi yintoni ebangela le intlungu Ranevskaya kunye Gaev. Zabarhwebi, Noko ke, uthi, nixhamle ubuhle amasimi poppy apho unako ukufumana amawaka 40. Xa umlinganiswa hero ukukhwela ephantsi phezulu, umnqweno ubuhle nokubawa, inkohlakalo eyenza amanene. Ulwalamano nawo ababukeli kwasekwa ziphikisana. Kodwa ke kubomi bokwenene loo nto ayifumanekanga abantu ngokupheleleyo elungileyo okanye embi. ukuchaneka Ubuninzi abalinganiswa - le yenye inkalo edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo.

"Undertow"

Xa imisebenzi yakhe, yaseChekhov uyala ngokupheleleyo ubuchule ezithile kumabala emidlalo. Umzekelo, oku asibandakanyi monologues bulk, njengoko abantu baye bangathethi kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Iimpawu lwedrama yaseChekhov xa "I Cherry Orchard" ibonisa oku ngokucacileyo. Endaweni ngabom ibabaza 'ukuya' umbhali usebenzisa okhethekileyo iqhinga psychological ukuba Nemirovich-Danchenko kunye christened izandi ezincinane okanye "impembelelo efihlakeleyo." Okokuqala, kuyinto "isandi kabini 'umlinganiswa ngamnye, oko kukuthi, lo ubumbaxa bobuntu bakhe. Umzekelo enjalo i "isandi" ayanceda inkcazo yohlobo Lopakhin ecetywayo ngasentla. Ukongeza, ngendlela ekhethekileyo yaseChekhov yakha ingxoxo zabalinganiswa zakhe, oko kukuthi, yenza ukuba ukuze abaphulaphuli baqonde ukuba bacinga ukuba abalinganiswa ngexesha leengxoxo imiba zasekhaya. Talk Lopakhin kunye Varya kwi isenzo sesine - isampulu yenkcazo isiqu. Bafuna ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo zabo ngabanye, kodwa ukuthetha ngezinye izinto. Ukupheka nifuna into, kunye LOPAKHIN usithanda izicwangciso zakhe ebusika ezayo. kwaye akukho Ngenxa yoko yomiselo uthando phakathi abalinganiswa.

umise olunentsingiselo

Iimpawu edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo akupheli. Nangona uninzi abalinganiswa imidlalo ziyabonakalaliswa nge owayeze izenzo Anton Pavlovich bona azibonakalisa amava. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba umkhondo kwi midlalo yakhe "impembelelo efihlakeleyo." umise yesiqhelo ezaliswe nentsingiselo enzulu kuzo. Ngokomzekelo, emva kokuba ukusilela inkcazo phakathi Varya kunye Lopakhin umlinganiswa yena yedwa ikhala. Xa Ranevskaya engena egumbini, koko mbuze umbuzo omnye: "Yintoni?" Ngapha koko, iinyembezi ingabangelwa zombini uvuyo kunye nosizi. Va interlocutor ujinga ikhefu. LUBOV uyayiqonda into ngaphandle kwengcaciso, kwaye iqala mandikhawulezise ukuhamba. Okanye isenzo yokugqibela Trofimov uPetros enqanaweni phezu ingxoxo yokuba ubutyebi bakhe okulungileyo ithi "Uluntu lisiya inyaniso ephakamileyo, ukuba ulonwabo olukhulu kakhulu ukuba kunokwenzeka emhlabeni, yaye mna ngaphambili!" Xa umbuzo linempoxo Ermolai Alekseevicha " ? Doydosh "uPetros aphendule ngokuqiniseka:" Doydu. (Phumla) Doydu okanye ucacise enye indlela, ukuba njani. " Le cwaka phakathi amabinzana ibonisa ukuba hero a va isigqebelo weqabane layo athi kakhulu nzulu.

ngokuphawula

Iimpawu dramaturgy yaseChekhov kaThixo (ngokufutshane, kakade, ukuchaza zonke bokuqonda kakhulu kunzima) yaye zisasebenza esebenzayo, ubuchule kumabala emidlalo ezibonakala minor - amazwi umbhali, izandi, symbols. Ngokomzekelo, xa isenzo sokuqala "I Cherry Orchard", umbhali uchaza iinkcukacha ubuhle - igumbi apho bonke ukufika kulindeleke Lyubovi Andreevny. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kweli Amazwi inikwa umyezo, nenokuthi kubonakala kwi window - imithi yawo wayifulela iintyatyambo njengekhephu-ezimhlophe. Ababukeli kunye umfundi kwahle yimvakalelo buhlungu ukuba yonke le ubungangamsha uza kufa kungekudala. Kwaye bathi, silindele inyathelo yesibini, ezifumaneka amazwi othile kubonakala emaphandleni egadini kunye nezibonda yocingo. Ukongeza ixabiso ngqo, le Ubuhle kukho kwakhona intsingiselo yokomfuziselo - New Century sithi makubekho imithetho yayo, yaye akukho ndawo cherry ebhomeni. "Nest Noble" Ranevskayas-Gaeva uya kutshatyalaliswa.

izandi

Izandi adlale imisebenzi indima yaseChekhov kaThixo. Iimpawu edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo umzekelo lomdlalo njenge "I Cherry Orchard" indawo ngqo kulo. Okubuhlungu waltz ukudlala ibhola,, leyo, echasene ziphosakele acwangcise urhwebo yonke imihla LUBOV; komdlali iibhola for ngelaphu, embhoxo Sasikuthanda Gaeva; Urhashaza phezu kwe umtya eyaphukileyo, nobutyobo bayaphule umtsalane nokuthula a ngokuhlwa zasehlotyeni. Kuba kangangokuba Ranevskaya ukuba ngoko nangoko iqala ukuya ekhaya. Nangona Guys kunye LOPAKHIN nangoko zinika ingcaciso credible izandi ezingemnandi (ukukhala ntaka, ndiyasaphula yamabhakethe kumgodi), LUBOV ucinga ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ukholelwa ukuba nokutshixiza umtya ezaphukileyo ibonisa ukugqitywa ubomi bakhe bangaphambili. Kakade ke, lo yokomfuziselo isandi izembe ekupheleni umdlalo: ubuhle belizwe - igadi yeziqhamo cherry - kwakuza zonakaliswa Lopakhin umyalelo.

iinkcukacha

Ngokubanzi, ingakumbi umboniso impressively impawu nemidlalo yaseChekhov kaThixo. Cooking eqongeni lonke ixesha libonakala ilokhwe emnyama kunye neqela izitshixo kwi nebhanti yakhe. Xa ibhola Ermolai A. yazisa wayithengayo ilifa, yena ngokuqaqadeka uphosa izitshixo zakhe LOPAKHIN iinyawo. Ngoko ke, oko kubonisa ukuba uhlawula lonke uqoqosho. A isimboli ebuhlungu lama Russia kukugqibezela Manor kwaye lidlala kwasekuqaleni: zonke ushiye indlu, Ermolai A. Isihlwitha de emthonjeni umnyango wangaphambili aphume kwigumbi kukho imisipres abagulayo umkhonzi ubudala, edulusele esofeni kunye iqina. Zonke kucaca ukuba kunye umgcini yokugqibela manorial Russia akhe shwaka.

"Kuncipha" zesakhiwo

Ayizizo zonke ayephila umbhali ayiphumelelanga ukuhlola iimpawu yedrama A. P. chehova. Ngokukodwa agxeke kuye ngokwaneleyo ezichazayo sifundo imisebenzi yakhe. Ngaphambi yaseChekhov ibali umdlalo yayisekelwe, njengoko umthetho, ingxabano enye lwangaphandle. Ngokusebenzisa siganeko, eyakhelwe ingozi weempawu eziliqela, ichaza kakuhle umsebenzi. Umzekelo, kwi "Yeha evela Wit" action isekelwe ukuphikisana phakathi Chatsky ezingqongileyo yayo 'famusovskogo uluntu. " ungquzulwano Traditional egqiba bayahlelwa abadlali, ibonisa uloyiso omnye ngaphezu kwabanye abalinganiswa. Izinto ihluke kakhulu kwi nemidlalo yaseChekhov kaThixo. isiganeko Main (intengiso welifa ngenxa amatyala) ziya jikelele begqithiselwa kwisiqalo. isakhiwo sebali enyanyeni le mveliso ngenkankulu yahlulwe izinto njengesiqhelo axhasayo (yincopho, decoupling njalo njalo. D.). Nangokuhamba isenzo rhoqo kuhlile noko, kwaye weqonga emfihlekweni kuba nguvumazonke kakhulu ukuzibandakanya omnye komnye.

Iimpawu drama A. P. chehova (iBanga le-10 izifundo zoncwadi idibana nzulu ngokwaneleyo kunye nomsebenzi we umbhali) are kwingcingane enzulu indalo yakhe. Umbhali akafuni ukubonisa impikiswano yangaphandle heroes, wokusebenzisa iimeko zayo ungquzulwano lwangaphakathi ebuhlungu abalinganiswa bakhe. Kuphikisana siqalisa iingqondo abadlali kwaye musa kulala Kwidabi welifa (akuthathi indawo), kunye ukungavumelani phupha leyinene, ukunganeliseki kunye nabalinganiswa ngokwabo kwaye kwihlabathi elibangqongileyo. Ngoko, kwi lokugqibela ngocoselelo musa ukubona ukuba lo Lopakhin abonisa njani, yaye le ndoda lilishwa lowo ekhala yentlungu, "Owu, ke sinolangazelelo zonke wahamba kunokuba utshintsha ngandlel nzima, ubomi bethu ungonwabi." Ngemisebenzi yaseChekhov ngayo abalinganiswa abaphambili akakho, kwaye ngxaki isiganeko iwela kumntu ngamnye kubo. Kule midlalo yaseChekhov na abalinganiswa zibaluleke ngokulinganayo kwaye kumbindi nezincinane.

uhlobo okungaqhelekanga

Uhlobo identity nazo ingakumbi kakhulu yaseChekhov. "I-Cherry Orchard" - sisincoko ombambazelayo, kunjalo, yaye kuyo umbhali likwazile ukwenza izinto ahlekisayo. M. Gorky ebizwa umdlalo "nkombiso wo omtsha," nto leyo sidibanisa bokubanga kabuhlungu (azisole ukufa libhoma cherry kunye ekuweni bayahlelwa abalinganiswa abathile), kunye izandi ezincinane ahlekisayo (ecacileyo -. Xa kuchazwa imifanekiso uCharlotte Simeonova-impempe, Epikhodov njl ., zigqutyuthelwe - abalinganiswa Lopakhin Gaeva, Ranevskaia etc) .... Ngaphandle, abalinganiswa zezenzi, kodwa inertia yabo ezimele ngaphakathi esimbaxa inyathelo-vangama.

"I Inqina"

Zonke iimpawu dramaturgy ngokufutshane yaseChekhov zakhe wasimisela umzekelo imveliso enye kuphela - ". I-Cherry Orchard" mdlalo Nguwo lowo iqhekeza lokugqibela yaseChekhov, apho kuthwa impumelelo yakhe yendalo. Noko ke, konke oku kungentla isebenza kwezinye imisebenzi umbhali. Umzekelo, ixhala lenu, ukuba kukusukelana nomoya eligcwele "I Inqina" yaseChekhov ngenxa yesizathu esithile ebizwa comedy. Le ekuchubekeni puzzle nangoku Iyandonwabisa iingqondo abaphandi, kodwa ngubani oya uphikise nesibakala sokuba uluthando zikwenza kubonakale ngathi wizard lusizi? Anton Pavlovich akwazi luthathe izibongo kanye ngokungakhuseleki wobomi zizakhele engaqhelekanga kumsebenzi wayo ngohlobo azoba kuyo. Kanye njengokuba kwi "I Cherry Orchard" kulo mdlalo "I Inqina" ayikho abalinganiswa central. Zonke abalinganiswa kulo bayalingana, icala kunye ngaphezulu isiphelo ayikho, ngoko ke umdlali ophambili kulo. Igama le piece ifuzisela kakhulu. Inqina, Ngokoluvo lwam, imele moya ukhathazekile, umzi kude, umbutho isivuseleli. Kule drama kukho ibali banal, iya kutyhilwa isihloko ebanzi ukungoneliseki bakrakra iqashiso labo, iphupha lobomi obungcono. Ke intsingiselo yalo umdlalo kwaziswa ukuba ababukeli ngokusebenzisa iinkcukacha eziqhelekileyo, ngemihla ukuba anentsingiselo enzulu, ngoko ke "impembelelo efihlakeleyo." Ezi iimpawu edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo. "I Inqina" - umsebenzi wendlela lo mbhali.

"Bab Vanya"

Le yenye imveliso ezintsha yaseChekhov. Yaneempawu sibonise ngokucacileyo edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo. "Malume Vanya" - umdlalo apho umbhali akugxininisi eziphikisanayo lwangaphandle phakathi abalinganiswa kunye namava abo ngaphakathi. evekini zasekhaya apha umthombo kuphela ingxabano. Ayikho into embi kwi bayahlelwa abalinganiswa yaseChekhov kaThixo, enyanisweni, kungenzeki; kodwa bathe abahlutha, balala kunye nobomi babo. Abanye Bayayigqiba imihla yabo ngokunxaxha eyonqenayo, abanye - ucaphukile ongumlwelwe, kunye nabanye - athini. yokuphila uqinise kwenza abantu ngakumbi kunokuba kungaba. UGqr ASTROFF engacikidekileyo, Wynn waba noburhalarhume ihlabathi liphela, Serebryakov - ignominiously zathotywa. Bonke baye kukutyeba lingenandaba malunga ngamnye yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, bona ngokwabo. ubomi babo ingamampunge, asinto zanto. Kwaye ngubani na ityala? Njengesiqhelo, yaseChekhov - zonke ngaxeshanye. Uxanduva kulele umlinganiswa ngamnye.

isiphelo

Ngamafuphi, ndifuna ukucacisa zonke iinkalo edlalwa yaseChekhov ka-macala:

1. Phantse yonke imisebenzi umbhali bakhelwe inkcazelo eneenkcukacha indlela yobomi, apho abafundi kunye nababukeli ukuva indlela ethile abalinganiswa, iimvakalelo, izimo amaqhawe.
2. Kwibali edlalwa yaseChekhov kaThixo Akukho ziganeko eziqaqambileyo ezinkulu, umthombo iphambili ungquzulwano - iimvakalelo engaphakathi yabalinganiswa.
3. Heroes ngemisebenzi yaseChekhov ingacaci, ngamnye kubo baneempawu ezintle nezimbi.
4. Iincoko zababini ngemisebenzi umbhali badla luqulathe zemihlathi zale lebyi ukuba adlulisela abadlali olubalulekileyo lwempilo.
5. Amazwi, izandi, iinkcukacha lokomfuziselo zibaluleke kakhulu nemidlalo yaseChekhov.
6. Wemidlalo Anton Pavlovich uhlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokuphuma. Iziganeko ezinkulu kulo zimanyene ukuncwasa ahlekisayo eyenza umfanekiso siganeko uphila ngakumbi kwakunye.

Ngoku uyazi yonke malunga iimpawu ezinkulu lwezakhono AP YaseChekhov. umsebenzi wakhe ekunene ivela-mali yegolide lomculo zehlabathi.