Iihomoni pancreatic - ukubaluleka eziphilayo.

umsebenzi pancreatic. umsebenzi Ezingokuqandusela zepancreas ibangwa iiseli okukhethekile nemisele ka Langerhans - α-, β-, D- kunye F-ntlobo. Iiseli ze nganye yezi ntlobo hormone ezithile esigcwele β-iiseli ukuvelisa insulin, α-iiseli - glucagon, D-iiseli - somatostatin, secretin kunye pankreogastrin, F-cell enama-ezifana izinto ukuba kuhlelwe (kwaye lipokain vagotonin). Ngoko ke, ilungu ebalulekileyo obandakanyeka nokulawulwa kweenkqubo pathways, nguye injeke. Hormone, kuhlelwe le ndlala kuchaphazela zonke iindidi yokucolwa emzimbeni. Insulin wavula LV Sobolєv ngo-1902 Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-19 kusekwa ubume hormone kunye kuyondelelaniswe layo yaveliswa.

iihomoni pancreatic: insulin. Neethagethi ze insulin ezamahala iiseli zesibindi, izihlunu kunye zomzimba nokuqina. Insulin kuchaphazela zonke iintlobo kokutshintshiselana: protein, carbohydrate, lipid, kodwa umphumela wawo nethe wekhabohayidreyiti zezifundo kungcono. Okokuqala, insulin kwandisa permeability of inwebu yeseli glucose yaye unika transfer wayo ukusuka igazi emzimbeni. Le hormone isebenze transcriptase fosfoglyukotransferazu (geksozokinazu) kwaye unikeza uguqulelo glucose ukuba glucose 6-phosphate. Isiphelo ngenxa ukusebenza insulin kwi yokucolwa ekudleni is ukuncitshiswa igazi glucose zoqhaphelo (hypoglycemia) kunye nokwanda kwe glycogen e izihlunu, isibindi kunye namanye amaziko. Ngenxa ukuswela iiseli insulin banokulahlekelwa kukuba nako kwabo ukusebenzisa iswekile. kwexabiso layo egazini ngcembe kwandisa (hyperglycemia), waza kuma kwi umchamo (glycosuria).

Ngaphandle insulin nelikhuthaza zothutho iswekile egazini acid esebenzayo, ibe kukho icytoplasm iiseli nkovu, usebenze umbhalo kanye translation, oko kukhokelele oluncediswayo protein yokuqaphela.

Isiphumo insulin kwi yokucolwa lipid kubangelwa kukuba ibonelela ukusetyenziswa carbohydrate ngenxa Yindibanisela asidi eziphezulu carboxylic, sele kwasekwa triacylglycerols kunye nezinye lipids. Kwelinye icala, insulin abangaphangeliyo izihlunu lipase, kuquka ngenxa inhibition wekampu ukubunjwa. ukwakheka Ukunqongophala insulin emzimbeni kunye ngokwanda ukuthotywa ye asidi acid, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ukuqokelela ammonia kunye urea egazini. Yenza lipolysis, okukhokelela igazi beqokelela fatty ezamahala, imizimba ketone kunye cholesterol.

Hormone zepancreas: glucagon. ekujoliswe Glucagon iiseli zesibindi, izicwili adipose kunye kwezihlunu, kodwa lowo engundoqo kwesibindi, nto leyo isebenza phantsi phosphorylase kwempembelelo glucagon, nto leyo yenza ukuba haydrolisis of glycogen. Ngoko ke, isixa glycogen esibindini liyancipha kunye nokwandiswa iswekile egazini. Ukongeza, glucagon yandisa gluconeogenesis, usebenze lipolysis of adipose inyama yaye ngaloo ndlela ithintela uphuhliso ukutyeba. Oku kukhatshwa uluhlu oluninzi acetyl-awula kunye ketone imizimba. Awusafuni glucagon secretion in hyperglycemia kwaye kwandisa noxinezeleko kunye nomsebenzi onzima.

Hormone zepancreas: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruet hormone insulin esebenzayo kunye glucagon, gastrin kunye gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu yokukhetha secretion of zehydrochloric acid. Ukunyhashwa incretion kwencindi, glucagon, kunye somatostatin isiseko kuphuhliso seswekile. Esi sifo lubonakala ngokuba ubuthathaka jikelele, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (yonke imihla mabaphakelwe ukunyuka umchamo ngokuphindwe 3-5), kukho cataract seswekile, Ibar kwenwebu zirekhodwe.

Hormone zepancreas: lipokain kunye vagotonin. Lipokain - into enama-ezifana engakuvumeliyo okunamafutha kwesibindi, uyayivuselela igcwala kwamafutha, okunamafutha acid kunye lokuphuma kwabo kwesibindi ukuya kwinyama, ikhuthaza biosynthesis of phospholipids. Vagotonin kukhuthaza umsebenzi kwenkqubo parasympathetic luvo, ingakumbi luvo vagus, usebenze iinkqubo hematopoiesis.