Igazi yokucima umlilo: ukufakwa, inkqubo kunye neepomodeli. Iinkqubo zokucima umlilo zomlilo

Kwiimeko zanamhlanje zoombane ogqithisileyo kude nomlilo uya kuphelisa amanzi aqhelekileyo. Ezinye izinto azikhuthazeli ukudibanisa kunye neengxube, ukwenzela ukucima amanzi kungabonakalisi kakubi kunomlilo.

Kwiiofisi ezinezixhobo zombane ezibiza, iimyuziyam, amathala eencwadi, kunye neenqanawa kunye neenqwelo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokucinywa komlilo.

Umlando

Ngethuba lokuqala njenge-arhente yokucima umlilo, igesi yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwisiqingatha sesibini seXIXX. Igazi yokuqala eyayisetyenziselwa le njongo yayiyi- carbon dioxide. Namhlanje isetyenziselwa kwiinkqubo zokucima umlilo zomlilo kuphela kwii-archives kunye ne-storages cash. I-Halocrosses yanda kakhulu. Ngowokuqala eRussia, ukucinywa komlilo kwegesi kwenziwa kwi-30 ye-XX yekhulu leminyaka.

Ngokufutshane malunga nezixhobo kunye nensimu yesicelo sayo

Ukucinywa komlilo weGesi ngenye yeendlela ezininzi zokulwa nomlilo, apho kusetshenziselwa khona izixhobo zokucima ezilandelayo : i- gases ezixinzelelweyo (umzekelo, i-nitrogen ne-argon) kunye ne-chladones.

Ukufakela ngokuzenzekelayo kuquka izinto ezilandelayo: itanki yerhasi, iipayipi kunye nemicu yombhobho, isistim sokufumana nokubeka esweni, iyunithi yolawulo oluphambili kunye nabahloli.

Inxalenye ephambili yale nkqubo yinkomfa yokucima umlilo yomlilo, equkethe itanki enegesi kunye nesixhobo sokuqala. Njengomthetho, i-cylinder yegesi ingagcwaliswa emva kwexesha emva kokusetyenziswa. Ukuba inkqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye iqukethe imodyuli engaphezu kweyodwa, iyadibaniswa nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo - abaqokeleli.

Umgaqo wenkqubo yokucima umlilo yomlilo

Umlilo wokucima igesi uqhutyelwa ngokwemiqathango elandelayo: i-gases engenakuthengiswayo ihanjiswa kwindawo yomlilo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, olukhupha i-oksijini emoyeni. Njengoko kuyaziwa kwiklasi yekhemistry, ngokungabikho kwe-oksijini emoyeni, inkqubo yokushisa iyancipha, kwaye ukutshaya komlilo kuyayeka.

Izakhiwo ezixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokucima umlilo zomlilo zineenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo ezidlulisela kwi-panel panel control information malunga nomlilo oye waqala. Emva komqondiso owamkelweyo, iyunithi yokulawula iqalisa imeko yokucima umlilo: ukungena umoya kuvaliwe kwigumbi, igesi engenakutshelwa inikwe izibhamu. Iphakamileyo yokugxininisa, ngokukhawuleza umlilo uya kucinywa. Njengomthetho, ukucinywa komlilo kwegesi kuhlala ngaphantsi komzuzu omnye.

Ukufaka ngokuzenzekelayo iinkqubo zokucima umlilo zomlilo, iintlobo zazo

Ii-UGP ezizenzekelayo ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa kwindawo engekho yokuhlala, apho kunengxaki ukuqaphela umlilo ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokuzenzekelayo, kunye nakwazo zokugcina izinto ezinobungozi neziqhumayo. Umlinganiselo oyintloko ekuhlelweni kwezixhobo zokucima umlilo ngokuzenzekelayo ukuhamba. Ngalesi sizathu, bahlulwe zibe ziphathekayo, ziphathekayo kwaye zimile.

Kwimeko yokuqala, izixhobo ziya kufakwa kwi-tshutshisi okanye kumathrekhi; Inokuba yinto yokuzikhupha okanye yokukhangela.

Izixhobo zokufakela zifumaneka ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yomthengi kwaye zilawulwa ngumlawuli ode.

I-Portable ifunyenwe kaninzi kunezinye. Ezi zicima umlilo, ezifunekayo kwigumbi ngalinye.

Ukuhamba akusiyo kuphela umlinganiselo wokufakela ngokuzenzekelayo. Zikwahlulwa kwakhona yindlela yokulawula nokutya ukutya okungenakutsha, kunye nomthamo opheleleyo wokucima.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulawula ukucima umlilo, ngaphandle kokuba zidibene kunye. Okokuthi, ngamnye umenzi wenza isigqibo sokuba ngokwakhe okanye lo mzekelo wendlela yokucima umlilo ngokuzenzekelayo iya kulawulwa .

Umxube ongafunekiyo unokunikezelwa ngeendlela ezimbini: ngokuzenzekelayo, ngeesilinda ezikhutshwayo okanye kwi-centrally, ukusuka kummandla oqhelekileyo.

Ngokomthamo wokucima, ukufakela kwegesi ngokuzenzekelayo kuyakucima. Kwimeko yokuqala, loo nto inikwe kuphela umthombo wokutshatyalaliswa komlilo (umzekelo, isistim sokucima umlilo somlilo singahlelwa kuphela ngale ndlela), okwesibini - kunye nomjikelezo wonke wegumbi.

Ukuyila, ukubala nokufakela iinkqubo zokucima umlilo zomlilo

Ukufakela kwinkqubo yokunciphisa umlilo kufune ukuthobela ngokuthotyelwa kuyo yonke imimiselo yomthetho okhoyo kunye nokuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo kwiimfuno zesibonelelo ngasinye. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukunikezela ishishini elinzima kwaye libuhlungu kwiingcali.

Xa ufaka inkqubo enjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela inani lezinto: inamba kunye nommandla wamagumbi onke, iimpawu zecandelo (njengendawo yokukhohlisa yobuxoki okanye izindonga zobuxoki), injongo epheleleyo, iimpawu zobuncwane, kunye neendlela zokukhupha abemi xa kwenzeka imeko engxamisekileyo.

Ukongezelela, kule meko kukho imiba ethile. Umzekelo, xa ufaka isistim kwigumbi elinamandla amakhulu, kufuneka kufakwe ukufakwa ngendlela enokuthi xa inkqubo yokucima umlilo iqalisiwe, ukuxinwa kwe-oksijini emoyeni kuhlala kwimida evunyelwe yimigangatho yexabiso.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba nganye imodyuli yokucima umlilo igxininiswe kufuneka ikhuselwe kwizinto zangaphandle.

Ukugcinwa kwangoku kwezixhobo zokucima umlilo zomlilo

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukufakelwa kombane wokucima umlilo kusebenza kakuhle ngexesha lobomi bentsebenzo yabo yonke, badinga ukugcinwa kokukhusela ngezikhathi ezithile. Njalo inyanga, zonke iiprogram zenkqubo kufuneka zihlolwe ukuqina kwazo, kunye neentsimbi zokutshabalalisa-zokusebenza.

Emva komsebenzi ngamnye wokucinywa komlilo, kuyimfuneko ukufakela izitya kunye negesi kunye nokuvuselela inkqubo yesilumkiso.

Yonke imisebenzi yokukhusela ekhankanywe ngasentla iqhutyelwa ngqo kwisiza sabathengi, okokuthi, ayifuni ukuvuselelwa ngokusisigxina kwenkqubo.

Ukongezelela, ukugcinwa rhoqo kwenkqubo yoxinzelelo lomlilo kubandakanya ukuhlolwa rhoqo kobugcisa bee modyuli. Imodyuli nganye yomlilo wokucima umlilo kufuneka ihlolwe kwii-intervenal once every 10-12.

Yintoni ebandakanywe kumsebenzi wofakelo?

Ngaphambi kokufakwa kwezinto zokusebenza zegesi kuyimfuneko ukuqiniseka ukuba kukho ubungqina bezatifikethi zesampula selizwe kumenzi. Akuyi kuba ngongqongqo ukuqinisekisa ilayisenisi yontraka efaka yona.

Emva koko, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba iinkqubo zokuphuphuma umoya zisebenza kwaye zize ziqale ukusebenza.

Zonke iimodyuli zefowuni zidibaniswe zibe yinkqubo enye, ejongene nokusebenza kwesixhobo xa kwenzeka umlilo, kunye nokulawulwa kwemeko kwigumbi. Kule nqanaba, umnini kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba uyilo lunikezelwa yinkosi aluhambanga nje kuphela, kodwa aluphazamisi umsebenzi wabasebenzi.

Emva kokufakwa kwenkqubo, ifom yesivumelwano siyakha isatifikethi sokwamkelwa, esibandakanya iingxelo zokuvavanya kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa kwizinto zazo zonke.