Ifakela ArchLinux kwabasaqalayo. Ifaka iinkqubo ArchLinux. Ifakela Steam yi ArchLinux

Operating Systems Winows mkhaya ekhokelayo kwimarike lekhompyutha. Kodwa maxa wambi kukho imfuneko yokusebenzisa i yomntu wesithathu kunye software free ngenxa esizithandayo okanye bokungakwazi uthenge ilayisenisi for Windows. Kulo mzekelo, ukuze uncedo ye Linux yokusebenza. Kodwa asingabo bonke bephela ujongano lomsebenzisi-ongumhlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaxwebhu jikelele. Ke ukuba yokugqibela ukho, oko ifumaneka kuphela IsiNgesi badla, ulwazi ongayi Baqhayise bonke. Kodwa ke, njengoko kuchasene evaliweyo-umthombo, Linux-nkqubo banethuba isicwangciso ngokubanzi kakhulu ukuba umsebenzisi ethile. Eli nqaku inika iinkcukacha malunga neempawu kunye nofakelo ArchLinux malunga inkqubo xa iyonke.

ArchLinux. Ukufakwa Setup

Kukho umdla kakhulu yokusebenza kwinkqubo yosapho, "i linux." ArchLinux wabiza. sikhethekileyo yayo siyifumana kukuba, ngokungafaniyo kwibhetshi "ubuntopodobnyh" ezikwiinkqubo, ArchLinux ungenza ngokusesikweni ngokwakho wokugqibela "iqhosha lemenyu." Noko ke, oko kufuna ubuchule zimangalisayo bokuzoba, nto leyo edla alifuni abantu abaqalayo. Kwaye ngenene, yonke le nkqubo, njengoko kuchasene kulwabiwo ibhetshi, eyenzelwe kubasebenzisi abaphambili "linuksopodobnyh" iinkqubo, okwaziyo ukusebenza kunye umgca womyalelo kunye terminal. Lokufaka kunye nokuqwalasela ArchLinux ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka oqhubekeko lokufaka ezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza. Kweli nqaku, sihlalutya zonke izigaba ukufaka OS ArchLinux.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga ArchLinux

ArchLinux i lom a OS icrux yomnyingi kakhulu. Le OS kwakuxhaphakile phakathi kwabalandeli abaqokelela inkqubo esuka umthombo kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba "balole" yona ngokwabo. Mu kuya kwa nshita "umzali" OS, ArchLinux ayifuni umsebenzisi ubuchule uqokelele i kernel nokwakha ubuhlobo. It ingafakwa kusetyenziswa umphathi lomzobo eqhelekileyo. Nangona ufakelo ArchLinux luqala kwilayini yomyalelo. Kodwa kule ngezantsi.

Okwangoku, kukho kwamasebe amabini livela OS ArchLinux: oluzinzileyo yangoku. Xa esitalini ukuya uguqulelo ezinzileyo kwenkqubo yokusebenza kunye neenkqubo aqinisekisiweyo. Noko ke, updates kufuneka ulinde ixesha elide kakhulu kuyo. Kuba abathandi zonke isebe yangoku 'afreshi' akukho. Apha, updates kodwa emva kwexesha, kodwa uzinzo kwinkqubo noko usisiqhwala. ufakelo Software ArchLinux yenza kwakhona ezinye iingxaki neempazamo. "Abatoli 'enetha (njengoko slang ekuthiwa abasebenzisi ArchLinux) bacetyiswa ukuba basebenzise ezizinzileyo-version OS. Makhe oko akuyi kuba ezifanelekileyo kakhulu, kodwa nozinzo - ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into.

ArchLinux inkathazo kukunqongophala uxwebhu ufakelo ekwabelaneni. Kukho kuphela izikhokelo jikelele zenzelwe kubasebenzisi abaphambili ye Linux usapho yokusebenza. Kwaye ke bonke IsiNgesi. Liyinyaniso elokuba, abanye babo aguqulwa midlalo. Ngoko ke ufakelo ArchLinux kwabasaqalayo - umsebenzi kunokuba nzima, uchaze ngenkcukacha engaphezulu.

Ukulungiselela inkqubo

Inyathelo lokuqala kukudala inokuqalwa USB-stick kunye ArchLinux lonikezelo. Kuba oku, kufuneka ukuba ukukhuphela ISO-umfanekiso OS ukusuka site esemthethweni le projekthi. Umfanekiso ne ArchLinux ke iintlobo ezimbini: ngokupheleleyo kunye nesiseko. Umahluko kwi ubungakanani bomfanekiso kunye inani leenkqubo ezikhoyo "ngaphandle kwebhokisi." umfanekiso Full "ubunzima" malunga 600 MB, noseko - 200 kuphela MB. Kubhetele ukusebenzisa Inguqulelo epheleleyo ye-fakelo disk.

Emva kokuba uyilayishe ezantsi kufuneka ukhethe inkqubo ukuba ubhale unikezelo kwi-USB-drive. Ukuba usebenzisa Windows, ngoko ndlela ilungileyo le njongo iza kuthatha inkqubo uRufus. It is free ngokupheleleyo umxokozelo, oko akuthethi ukuba ufakelo. Run uRufus kwaye khetha umfanekiso disk downloaded kunye OS. Tyhala iqhosha "Qala". Ngexesha ushicilelo, USB-drive iya reformatted kwaye igama ArchLinux. Ifakela kwi USB flash drive, isimiso, ngokupheleleyo. ngoku Unako uqalise futhi zama ukufaka indlela yokusebenza kwi khompyutha yakho.

Iqala i lokufaka

Emva kokuba zonke zazo kunye umyalelo besiqalo-BIOS siqale ArchLinux yokuqalelisa ukusuka flash drive. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, inyathelo ufakelo inyathelo ArchLinux kwahlukile ngeendlela ezininzi ukusuka nebhetshi inkqubo efanayo yokusebenza. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele zonke iinkcukacha kunye neempawu.

Into yokuqala sibona - ilayini yomyalelo. Ukuqalisa lokulayisha lomzobo, kufuneka ukuchwetheza umyalelo $ / arch / setup. Emva koko, kuya kuvela i-window isifaki. Kukho lwemenu ekugqumeni zonke izigaba zenkqubo yokufaka:

• uqeqesho ROM;
• Ukukhetha iphakheji;
• ukufaka nokhunye;
• elakha Ukufakwa;
• indlela yoncedo, uqwalaselo;
• kokufaka umlayishi wesiqalo;
• output.

Ukuba uninzi lwezinto menu, nkqu mafikizolo ingaphatha oko, mhlathi "Ifaka i kernel 'kuya kufuneka asebenze nzima nokuba kubasebenzisi abaphambili. Kungenxa yoko le nto sentlalo ArchLinux - kwabasaqalayo lula ayikho.

Ilungiselela disk

Inkqubo 'umhla wokuwiselwa phantsi "idiski for ArchLinux yahlukile iimfuno zamacandelo enye intsapho wangumqulu oyincwadi Linux operating system. Indlela elula ukuvumela inkqubo ngokwayo kubabela zokwahlula disk. Kulo mzekelo, izixhobo kungcono ukuba wazi ukuba yintoni na kanye ezifunekayo ukuze kwinkqubo. Noko ke, ukuba HDD unalo iifayile kuyimfuneko, kuya kufuneka ukuba benze uyilo manual, ukwenzela ukuba ukulahlekelwa ngabo ngonaphakade. Ifakela ArchLinux iqala oku.

Xa baphuke ngesandla disk ufuna ukwenza la macandelo alandelayo:

• iingcambu ukwahlulwahlulwa enombhalo /;
• Icandelo / usr;
• Icandelo / opt;
• Icandelo / var;
• Icandelo / var / ab;
• Icandelo / var / cache / pkg;
• Icandelo / var / cache / src;
• «/ Ekhaya» candelo.

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni ekufuneka bonke.

ingcambu ulwahlulo kufuneka gigabyte ubuncinane enye. Oko kuye nokufakela ArchLinux. / Usr ulwahlulo i "tshintshanisa" - le tshintshanisa ifayile ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ilingane kwimemori efakiweyo, iphindwe ezimbini.

Icandelo / opt kusetyenziswa ukulungiselela iifayile ezinkulu ezifana namathala QT, «X kaThixo" kunye nezinye iifayile kwi OS kweqokobhe. ubukhulu kufuneka ube malunga 4 GB.

Amacandelo ziphawulwe / var, esetyenziselwa ngokubeka ulwazi kwinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukuze uphephe cluttering i ingcambu.

Kaloku, lo / ulwahlulo home esetyenziselwa ukugcina idatha umsebenzisi siqu. inkqubo ekhethwayo ifayile onke amacandelo - ext3.

ukufakelwa kwenkqubo

Ifakela ArchLinux yahlulwe kwizigaba eziliqela. Okokuqala - yinto iipakethe ukukhetha ukulungiswa. Ukuba unayo Akukho nofifi nguwuphi na kubo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ye computer yakho, nihambe onke amaxabiso angagqibekanga. Emva kokuhlalutya "intsimbi", kuya sigqibe inkqubo efunekayo noko ayikho. Ngexesha iphakheji ufakelo iya kufakwa njengoko umlayishi wesiqalo. In ArchLinux ezinjalo Ukungagqibeki, impethu.

Inyathelo elilandelayo ukufaka i kernel. Kukho kwakhona kungcono ukuba bathembele kukhetho esizenzekelayo uqwalaselo. Inye kuphela qaphela wona, i uhlobo nucleus phantsi "intsimbi" bakho. Ukuba une-PC kunye SCSI-amandla, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ukhethe uhlobo.

Emva kofakelo ngempumelelo OS ezingundoqo ukuqwalasela ixesha. Apha uyamenywa ukuba kumiswe inkqubo usebenzisa i iifayile zoqwalaselo ukuhlela umbhalo. Kungcono ukuba ukuyenza, kuba awukwazi "usixhome" inkqubo nkqu ngexesha lofako. Ukuzibekela ArchLinux emva ufakelo ukhetho yeyona inokwenzeka, kuba lula ukwenza yonke into esebenzisa bume lomzobo.

Ukubeka ArchLinux

Emva kokuba Ukuqalisa inkqubo kufuneka ukuchaza izicwangciso zalo ezisisiseko. Imeko yokusebenza ethandwa ArchLinux yi KDE. Yiloo nto undihlangule. Kukwenziwa yomyalelo, ubuya ukuchwetheza. Pacman -S kde Emva kulayishwa GUI uqwalaselo kwenkqubo iza kuhamba ngokukhawuleza nangcono. Ngoku kufuneka ukuba ufake ubuncinane isikhangeli Mozilla Firefox ukuze bafumane ulwazi malunga isohlwayo lokusila ArchLinux emva kokufakwa. Ukuze wenze oku, ukusebenzisa umyalelo zilandelayo: pacman -S-Firefox. Ngoku lula ukufumanisa malunga iimfihlelo yemida yokusebenza Google «omkhulu nonamandla."

nofakelo lwesoftwe

Kuyinto elula kangaka. Ekubeni ArchLinux akaxhasi graphic iipakethe software Umfaki, ukufaka ukuba ngesandla kwilayini yomyalelo usebenzisa isixhobo pacman. Ngenxa amanye amaqela aya kufumaneka zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko. Ngoko ke, lo umyalelo esisiseko ukufakela software - pacman -S package_name. Ukuze uhlaziye sele ifakiwe, faka pacman umyalelo -Syi. Oku kwenzeka ntoni ufakelo software. ArchLinux malunga le "ubuntopodobnyh" iinkqubo nzima kakhulu ngakumbi.

ArchLinux and Steam

Umphunga - yimekobume ukusebenza ngenxa yokuthenga ukufaka imidlalo Linux. It luyafumaneka kwi Windows. Xa software Steam unako ukuthenga ufakele ezahlukeneyo imidlalo. Kwaye kukho uguqulelo "lweenkobe" ye Linux. Ifakela Steam yi ArchLinux ufuna ezinye izakhi olongezelelweyo, apho thina ngoku kwaye uhlaziye.

Ingxaki yeyokuba akukho nkxaso esemthethweni Steam ArchLinux. Ngoko ke, phambi kokuqhubela ufakelo umyalelo, kufuneka kuqala ukongeza ezinye zokugcina nemigca. Ukuba unayo nenkqubo 64 bit, kufuneka ukukhuphela wogcino multilib, yaye emva kwakhe - le fonti Arial, ekubeni Steam usebenzisa igama lakhe. Ungafumana oko nge pacman -S iqela ttf-inkululeko. Emva kokuba uqalise ufakelo le "Steam" esebenzisa pacman -S iqela umphunga.

isiphelo

Ngoku siyazi ukuba ukufaka njani kakuhle kwaye ulungiselele ArchLinux. Kakade ke, le nkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu, oko kufuna isixa esikhulu ixesha free. Nguwe kuphela isigqibo sokuba uyafuna ngokwenene kwindlela yokusebenza. Ngaphezu koko, siye ingqalelo neyona nto "embi" ezifana kokufaka Steam kwi ArchLinux. Kakade ke, kuya kuba luncedo ukuba abaninzi. Kodwa ukuba ungumdlali, ngoko olu lwazi luza kuba luncedo ukuze uqinisekise. Ngokubanzi ArchLinux - inkqubo yokusebenza elungileyo makasizalise isiseko abo.

Ukuba Musani ukuboyika ubunzima kwinkqubo yophuhliso entsha, ArchLinux into ekhuhlangubeni lakho. Yaye ukuba imarike iyaqhubeka ukuba akhokele ngumqondo Microsoft, i-software ne umthombo evulekileyo zithanda minyaka yonke.