Ibhotolo yamahlwempu ibhotolo 72,5% ye ubume kunye ukubuyekeza ku nabenzi

Ibhotolo namhlanje kufanele zifakwe kuluhlu eemveliso kubalulekile. Kodwa store ezishelifini le mveliso inikwa iintlobo enjalo yezityalo umthengi eziqhelekileyo elide yaye bedidekile. Uluhlu olubanzi iimveliso iquka cream namasi nabalimi. Ngako oko anako sisincoko ngokutsho GOST, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo, nezingaye, siya kufikelela kweli nqaku.

Ibali lika ibhotolo

Imbali ibhotolo ebuyela ngaphezu kwekhulu, kodwa into ukwazi uhlala ukuba le mveliso, ookhokho bethu akazange asebenzise ukuba adle. E India, oko kusetyenziswa ngexesha imibhiyozo yonqulo nemibingelelo, ngangokuba enonelele Greece yamandulo naseRoma ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango, ingakumbi unyango lwezifo yesikhumba. Ibhotolo bathengiswa kuphela ezikhemisti. Njengoko imveliso a ukutya oko yaqala ukuvelisa malunga ngenkulungwane VIII-IX eScandinavia, yaye ngenkulungwane XII kokuba amazwe ukusuka apha ukuya kwamanye amazwe.

Ngelo xesha uPetros eRashiya ghee lihanjiswa ukuba ngenxa yokunqongophala iifriji eyonakalayo aze aqalise incasa ekrakra. Kamva baqala ukungenisa ibhotolo evela kwiBaltic kunye nakumazwe aseScandanavia. ERashiya, le mveliso de ngenkulungwane XIX, phantse akazange enze ngenxa kuphuhliso zaneleyo izilwanyana. Kodwa ngenxa yala cheesemaker odumileyo UNikolai Vereshchagin meko itshintshe kakhulu.

Ngowe-1870 at umboniso Paris Scientist Russian wafumana ithuba ukuzama i uNorman ioli, leyo bachukunyiswa ngoko kuye isongo sakhe Nutty nevumba, ukuba wagqiba ukuba uqinisekise ukulungiselela imveliso efanayo kwilizwe labo. Ngoko kwakukho Vologda odumileyo, kwaye ngoko ke ioli umlimi, kwakunye kwezinye iintlobo. Namhlanje, le mveliso isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukupheka, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngendlela esulungekileyo kwi sandwich isidudu.

Types of ibhotolo

Cazulula ibhotolo evela kwinani ngezizathu.

Kuxhomekeka kwehlobo cream isetyenziswa:

• sweet-and-ibhotolo - akhutshwa cream ezintsha kwiindawo;
• ibhotolo cultured - akhutshwa cream, olufakiweyo lwabiliswa kunye acidosis zokuqalisa ekhethekileyo acid yintsholongwane, ngoko ke liye incasa olwahlukileyo nevumba.

Kuxhomekeka ubukho okanye ukungabikho ityuwa ekwakhiweni ahluka:

• ityuwa;
• ibhotolo ezingenatyuwa.

Kuxhomekeka mafutha (umlinganiselo elityetyisiweyo composition) yi ibhotolo:

• Traditional (82.5%);
• Amateur (80%);
• Country (72.5%);
• nesonka (61%);
• tea (50%).

Phantse zonke iintlobo-oyile afunyenwe ngenxa yokuba pasteurization yokuba cream kubushushu degrees 85-90. An ngaphandle i yemveli Vologodskoe ioli, cream ogama imveliso bazisa kufuphi nokubilisa, ngamanye amazwi ke ngobushushu kwiqondo lobushushu degrees 98.

Cream Kwakhona acaciswa ibhotolo kunye nomxholo otyebileyo ka-98%. Nangona kunjalo, phantse lingaqulathi izinto eziphilayo esebenzayo.

Oil yamahlwempu: GOST, inkcazo iintlobo

Yamahlwempu ebizwa ioli Umxholo ogama amanqatha 72,5%, kwaye ukufuma lwemveliso ogqityiweyo ayidluli-25%. Simnandi yaye bukhrim kunye cream ezimuncu, netyuwa kunye ezingenatyuwa. Yenza ibhotolo yamahlwempu ngokutsho GOST 52253-2004. Kukho kwakhona amanye amaxwebhu zolawulo elawula umgangatho le mveliso.

ioli yamahlwempu ebangeni ephakamileyo kuqala. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini lubonakaliswa kuphela incasa kodwa imbonakalo. oyile grade yePremiyamu incasa ecacileyo bukhrim of ngobushushu ubisi ivumba. Umphezulu slaboblestyaschey kufuneka zibe mpuluswa, eyomileyo imbonakalo kodwa wavumela kunye amachaphaza enye ukufuma. umbala oyile ekungabonini ukusuka emhlophe lubhelu, kodwa kufuneka ibe yisiwa phezu lonke komhlaba. imveliso ibanga lokuqala badla ivuthu- xa wagawulwa kwaye ukungafani ethile ngokobunzima.

Xa imveliso Sasungulwa amafutha akuhlanjwanga ngamanzi. Le buchwepheshe ikuvumela ukuba ugcine yonke into ebalulekileyo ngokupheleleyo wehlise iinkqubo igcwala ezithi zenzeke phakathi imveliso.

Ukubunjwa yeoli yamahlwempu ngokwe GOST

Ngomhla diphu oyile grade imali rhoqo lowu le nto ndiyibhalayo cream kwiindawo. Enyanisweni, ngokungqinelana ne GOST 52969-2008 impahla ekrwada ukuba umlimi oyile azikho kuphela cream, ngokunjalo:

• ubisi lwenkomo yendalo kaThixo;
• skim ubisi;
• secondary buttermilk ubisi ekrwada afunyenwe kwi ukuvelisa ibhotolo elithozamisayo;
• owomileyo yendalo skimmed ubisi olungumgubo ;
• lactic iinkcubeko acid iintsholongwane ezincinane;
• ityuwa extra-class;
• carotene idayi.

Ekuveliseni i-oyile zingasetyenziswa izinto zasekhaya kunye nezinye ekrwada, kuquka ongeziweyo ukudla kwamanye amazwe.

Iivithamini kunye nezongezo zokutya

Ukubunjwa oyile yebhotolo yamahlwempu GOST ngokuyimfuneko ziquka iivithamini A (10 mg / kg), E (200 mg / kg) D (0.05 mg / kg). Inani labo kufuneka ibe ngokusebenzisana ngqongqo izithethe ezisekiweyo, leyo ukungqinisiswa ngexesha ngovavanyo kwilebhu imveliso.

Kwakhona mzimba e ibhotolo kamnandi oyile yamahlwempu (GOST) wongezelela ukutya imibala carotene (3 mg / kg), kwisigcinakaliso (sorbic acid kunye benzoic asidi, kunye neetyuwa yalo), ekwenzeni kunye izixubisisi guquki. Inani labo akufuneki igqithe ubukhulu elivunyelwe kule hlobo izongezo zokutya.

Ukutya kunye namandla ixabiso yeoli Sasungulwa

Ioli kakhulu okunesondlo. 100 grams le mveliso okunencasa kunye nempilo iqulethe njengoko 748 calories. Yamahlwempu ibhotolo (72.5%), ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze leyo yenye bazizinhanha emhlabeni, iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo 150 okunamafutha acid, isinyibiliko unsaturated (linoleic, oleic, linolenic). Yeyona yokugqibela, ngethuba lawo, kunye neziphumo cholesterol embi ivela emzimbeni.

I-oyile yamahlwempu bukhrim iqulethe iivithamini A, B _1, B _2, C, E. Kwakhona kule mveliso iqulethe izimbiwa ezifana magnesium, potassium, calcium phosphorus. Isixa amafutha oyile yamahlwempu lihambisana iqhezu abaninzi wanamanqatha iphakheji kwaye 72,5, inani iiprothini kunye carbohydrate kule mveliso ilingana imilinganiselo 0.7 no-1 ngokulandelelanayo.

Iipropati oluncedo yebhotolo Sasungulwa

Abantu abaninzi ngabom singasondeli njengamasi umlomo wabo ukutya, ngokokuba bengakholwa ukuba kukhokelela kuphela ukwanda kwinqanaba cholesterol egazini kunye nomzimba engazisi naluphi na uncedo. Noko ke, enyanisweni oku akuyonyaniso. Oil sweet yamahlwempu ibhotolo xa besebenzisa oko ukulinganisela (akukho grams ngaphezu kwe-10 ngosuku) kuyimfuneko yokwakha iindonga isitya kunye nokuveliswa hormone sex ababhinqileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwale mveliso cream lumi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• kubuyekeza iiseli emzimbeni;
• ukwanda ubuchule yengqondo lo mntwana;
• kuphucula eluswini, unwele;
• kukho ukukhula microflora yinzuzo ethunjini;
• inkqubo omzimba buthathaka kwandisa.

Indlela ukuba bahlole oyile ukuhlangabezana iindwendwe?

Ngokungqinelana GOST 52969-2008, ibhotolo yavavanywa ngumntu Isikali esimanqaku-20. imigangatho Organoleptic yamafutha lokuqala kunye banga liphezulu. Kucingwa imveliso umgangatho ophezulu, uvavanyo apho kuyahlukana ku ezahlukene amanqaku 17-20, kuquka incasa kunye nevumba phakathi amanqaku 8, ukuyondelelana kwendlela amanqaku hayi ngaphantsi kwe-4, umbala amanqaku ama-2, amanqaku 3 nokupakishwa. Ibhotolo yamahlwempu ibanga lokuqala Kuqikelelwa ukuba amanqaku 11-16. Ukuba imveliso une-avareji amanqaku ngaphantsi kwe-11, intengiso, yena kufuneka kungavunyelwa.

Ngokuqalisa neoli kuvunyelwa ukuba rancid, lokuvunda, ukungunda, ivumba zangaphandle ebuntsimbi kunye incasa, kwakunye iglu okanye guquki eziwayo, umbala efanayo, yahonjiswa eyonakeleyo. Ngemilinganiselo imichiza, umlinganiselo kwamafutha kufuneka ihambisane ixabiso 72,5%, ukufuma-25% ukuze ezingenatyuwa ne-24% yemveliso ityiwa.

Ngokwahlukeneyo uqinisekise ukwakheka oyile kunye iqhezu mass abangena ngayo wavumela ongeziweyo ukutya, kubandakanywa colorants, izinongo, iivithamini, ekwenzeni, izixubisisi kunye kwisigcinakaliso.

Oil yamahlwempu: izigxeko umthengi kwi abenzi

Uphando Market lubonise ukuba abathengi badla ngokuthanda brand oyile yamahlwempu ezifana "Vkusnoteevo" yaye "Kuban Milkman". Ngokutsho kwabo, incasa imveliso kwezi Brands sifunda ngakumbi ioli yesikhumba. It has a incasa ecacileyo bukhrim kunye incasa abuthethileyo. iyunifomu Beautiful lipholi umbala omthubi kwaye ukungaguquguquki zeplastiki 72,5% oyile yamahlwempu yophawu "Ostankinskoe". Ecocekile abathengi uyithandile ngaphezu imveliso iintlobo thaca ngaphambili noba.

ncomo umthengi okugwenxa ekhohlo kwi Sasungulwa oyile brand "kwifama yobisi" kunye Ecomilk ". tasters Folk waphawula ukuba le mveliso lokuqala kushiya incasa embi emlonyeni uyadinga kwefilimu amazinyo, kwaye eyesibini nangoku inuka nemvelo.

Ukunika uvavanyo injongo yeoli umlimi, iimveliso amelwe brand sele zithunyelwe kwindlwana yophando lwenzululwazi ukuze bangaqhubela phambili.

Ngokusekelwe izifundo elebhu, "Ilizwe" ibhotolo

Ukunciphisa iindleko imveliso igqityiwe, abenzi ukungathembeki zithatha indawo amanqatha ubisi yendalo oyile yemifuno ibiza ngaphantsi kwaye iyingozi, ezifana ikhokhonathi okanye yesundu. Ezi ziquka nje umlimi ibhotolo ezingenatyuwa "Dairy Farm". data Ingcaphephe lingqamane ngokoluvo tasters ezithandwayo.

Ngexesha yolaborathri yophando nzulu imveliso ingqinwe nokubunjwa kwayo, kwakunye chemical ezichaphazelekayo nemigangatho organoleptic. Ebalulekileyo okuqulethwe asidi kubalulekile fatty (oleic kunye nabanye). Phakathi imveliso kwi kurhwebo lwasekhaya, kuquka nenani fatty iyingenelo, ihamba phambili ioli "Ilizwe" brand "Little House kule ndawo."

Indlela ukukhetha ibhotolo elungileyo

Ezi zikhokelo zilandelayo ziya kukunceda abathengi khetha ibhotolo ngokwenene ezikumgangatho ophezulu (Sasungulwa):

1. Funda ngocoselelo nokupakishwa. Kufuneka makubhalwe le oli "ibhotolo yamahlwempu 72,5% mafutha." Eli gama, esaye samkelwa umthetho zicaciswa gca iindwendwe. A imveliso kufuneka icaciswe kuphela cream kwiindawo okanye ubisi lwenkomo.
2. Enye into ebalulekileyo ixabiso. ibhotolo yamahlwempu ipasile onobunzima 200 grams abakwazi zibiza engange ngaphantsi kwe asixhenxe.
3. Xa ukhetha i oyile yamahlwempu evenkileni kufuneka kwakhona ayiqwalasele ivumba. Ukuze wenze oku, ungakwazi nokuvula ipakethe kwaye ivumba ubunzima bukhrim. ivumba elibi zayo, niyandingqinela ukuba le yimveliso ephosakeleyo okanye mbumbulu.

Qinisekisa umgangatho yeoli ekhethiweyo ekhaya. Kakuhle ekhethiweyo imveliso linyibilike xa itshiswe kancinci, ngokuchaseneyo a twa leswaku ukutsha kunye imajarini, nto leyo iguqulelwa kwi-oyile.