I-psychosissis ye-psychosis: iimpawu, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Isifo esinjalo, njengesifo sengqondo esingazibandakanya, sithinta abantu baluphele. Esi sifo siquka ukuxinezeleka, ukunyamezela, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Izizathu zokuqala kwengqondo engabonakaliyo zikwacaca. Kodwa, ngokomthetho, esi sifo siphumeza izifo ezingapheliyo kwe-endocrine yomzimba kunye nezinto zangaphandle ezibangela ukukhathazeka kwengqondo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo esikhoyo?

Ingcamango "yeengqondo zengqondo" yavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lokugqibela. Ungene e E. Kraepelin. Ngaphantsi kweengqondo zengqondo ziqondwa ubunzima beengqondo zomntu, okwenzeka kwiminyaka engama-45 ukuya kuma-60. Kwizigulane ezihluphekileyo kwesi sifo, kukho ukutshutshiswa kwemania. Baqala nokucinga ukuba bahlaselwa.

Ezi ngcamango eziphazamisayo zihambelana namazwe achaphazelekayo kunye ne-delirium. I-psychosissis i-Involutional ivela ngeendlela ezimbini. Uhlobo lo kuqala lu-melancholy. Uhlobo lwesibini luyi-paranoid. Ngoku siza kuhlangabezana noluhlu ngalunye.

I-Melancholy

I-Involutional melancholy ikhula kancane. Nangona kukho ngaphandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kulabo bantu abaneengxaki zengqondo ezinxulumene nezinto zangaphandle. Kule meko, esi sifo siya kuqhuba ngokukhawuleza. Le meko ingaba ziintlobo ezimbini: ngokuqhelekileyo ubudala bexhepha kunye nokudandatheka okubi. Esi sibini sibizwa ngokuba sisifo sikaKraepelin. I-psychosissis ye-psychosis yimeko yomntu, inxulumene nobudala obuqhelekileyo, buhamba nexhala.

Amava anokuvela ngenxa yezizathu, umzekelo, bazixhalabisa, abantu abasondeleyo, malunga nemali okanye impilo kunye njalo. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, ukuxhalabisa kuyaxinezeleka. Ubungqineko bombuso ukungabi naso nasiphi na isizathu esithile sokufumana. Oko kukuthi, umntu uqala ukukhathazeka malunga nento yonke kwaye akukho nto ikhethekileyo. Kwaye la mava akhankanywe. Ubume bexhala kunye nokudandatheka kukunyuka ngokuhlwa kwaye ebusuku. Kukho iziganeko ezinokubangela ukukhushulwa. Umzekelo, ukucoca okanye umnqweno wezalamane ukulahla izinto ezingadingekile. Okanye ukubonakala komntu osemzini ekhaya. Ezi zinto zingabangela uxhalaba kunye namava omdala.

Isifo sikaKrepelin, okanye i-paranoid

U-Emil Kraepelin ngumsunguli wokuhlelwa kwezifo zengqondo. Yonke imisebenzi yakhe yezokwelapha yayijoliswe ekufundeni nasekuhambiseni izifo ezinjalo. UCraepelin wazama ukuhlanganisa izifo zengqondo zomntu ngezizathu ezithile. Ngoko kuba kulula ukuyiqonda. I-Microbiology yenza ukuba kube lula ukuqonda izizathu zokubonakala kwezinto ezithile eziphambukayo kwi-psyche. UCraepelin wayebandakanya uphando kunye nokunyamekelwa kwezigulane ezineengxaki.

Wayegcina iifayile zakhe, wabhala phantsi waza wafunda imbali yezifo zabantu. Ukuhlalutya iimpawu kunye nekhosi yezifo, zihlukanise zibe ngamaqela. Imibhalo yakhe yapapashwa kwaye yapapashwa. Ngabo Kraepelin bahlula iinguqu zengqondo zabantu kuba ngamaqela, ukuze kube lula ukuqonda izizathu kunye nophuhliso lwezifo. Ngokomzekelo, waqaphela i-psychoses nge-cyclic and periodic course, kunye neengqondo eziqhubekayo kunye nengqondo yengqondo. Nangona ukuba imisebenzi yakhe yanyatheliswa okokuqala ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, izazinzulu kunye namagqirha basayisebenzisa kwimisebenzi yabo.

Izimpawu zesifo

Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo sengqondo? Isifo sikaKrepelin yimeko yomntu onokukhathazeka ngokungaphazamisekiyo. Kule meko, isigulane sinenkinga yokulala, intetho iphukile kwaye ingekho ingqondo, ingqalelo ingqalelo. Esi sifo asiqhelekanga. Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 bawela kwindawo yengozi. Eli xesha libonakaliswe ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwee-neurons kwingqondo. Le propati yomzimba ikhokelela ekukhunjweni kokuxhalabisa okuhlukeneyo kunye nokubonakala koxinzelelo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwengqondo - ukukhusela kakhulu ukugula kwengqondo

Ukuze ugweme le meko, kucetyiswa ukuba abantu abaneminyaka yabo baqeqeshe ubuchopho babo. Mnike umthwalo othile. Kubalulekile ukwenza oku, ngenxa yolu qeqesho, ukuhlanganiswa okutsha kwe-neural kuya kusekwa okuza kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo komzimba womntu ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kunye nokuvela kwamazwe achaphazelekayo. Kwakhona izibonakaliso zengqondo yengqondo ziya kutshabalala. Indlela ephuculweyo yokuphucula ukusebenza iindidi zepuzzle okanye i-scanwords. Ukuqagela kwabo kwenza ukuba ubuchopho busebenze, nto leyo yonyango oluhle. Kwakhona, isiphumo esihle siphumelele xa ufunda izibongo.

Yobudala beParanoid

Esi sifo sisuke ngenxa yokuba umntu oneminyaka yakhe uqala ukubonakalisa ubugwenxa kunye nesimo sengqondo esaneleyo kwizihlobo eziseduze okanye abantu abaqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo eli rhu lumente lihamba kunye neengcamango kunye neengcinga ezixakekileyo zesigulane.

Iqondo leengqondo. Iimpawu kunye nokuPhathwa kweParanoid

Uphawu oluphambili lwalo mqathango kukuba umntu akasishiyi ingcamango yokumlimaza. Kwaye kubonakala ngathi izalamane zifuna ukungena endlwini yakhe okanye kwigumbi ukuze zifumane izinto ezizodwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo loo miba ivela kubantu emva kweminyaka engama-60. Babizwa ngokuba yingqondo engaphambi kwengqondo. Abantu abahluphekileyo kwisifo esinjalo banokuqinisekisa abantu abangaziwayo ngokuchanekileyo baze bafumane abo babambene nabo. Enyanisweni, ukusuka kwicala kunokubonakala ngathi izalamane zinomdla kwipropati yomntu osekhulile. Izihlobo kulo mqathango zicetyiswa ukuba zingashiyi yonke into. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abasondeleyo bayabhala yonke into ngeminyaka kwaye abayiqwalasela ukuziphatha kwesigulane. Enyanisweni i-presenilnye psychoses inokunyangwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba isihlobo esifanayo sifumaneka, isihlobo esiseduze kufuneka sithethane neengcali. Kufuneka kuthiwa ukuba umntu ojongene nesi sifo akafumani uncedo lwezonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngoko imeko yakhe inokunyanzeliswa yimibono.

Isigulana sinokuqala ukuvakalelwa kukuba umntu uhambahamba kwindlu yakhe, okanye ukuba abamelwane baceba ukwenza okuthile, unokuqala nokuva iintetho zabo emva kodonga. Kukho neemeko xa umntu osekhulile eqinisekile ukuba unikwe ukutya okanye iziphuzo ezinetyhefu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba i-psychoses engenasiphelo kunye neyeyona ntshukumo yendalo yengqondo. Okokuthi, umntu unokuphila ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba le ntlupheko iyenzeka kwiminyaka engama-60 ukuya ku-65, isigulane sinokubangela indlela ebomini yokusebenza, ezinyamekela. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo isimo sakhe sengqondo sifuna unyango. Kukho iimpawu zangaphandle zangamava angaphakathi angamlimaza. Ngokufanayo, isiguli sinokusilahla, iinwele zakhe zingaqala ukuphuma, kunokukho iingxaki zokulala. Ukuba ezi zinto zibonwa, oku kuthetha ukuba indoda (okanye ibhinqa) ayivuli kwaye ifuna uncedo.

Ukuba umntu osekhulile ukhononda ukuba bafuna ukumtyhefu okanye ukuthatha ipropati yakhe, kodwa ngokwenene akukho mntu uzama iimvavanyo ezinjalo, omnye umele amqwalasele ngononophelo kwaye anike uncedo lwezonyango. Ukuba onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo athatyathwa ukunyanga kwesi sifo kwinqanaba lokuqala, ngoko kukho ukuphakama okuphezulu kokufumana ngokupheleleyo.

Olu hlobo lwesifo sengqondo kufuneka luphathwe njani?

Okokuqala, kufuneka uthembele oyingcali. Kubalulekile ukucacisa kwifomu echanekileyo kumntu osekhulile ukuba kufuneka abone ugqirha. I-psychotherapist iya kuhlola imeko jikelele yesigulane kwaye imisele unyango olufunekayo kuye ngokuqwalasela iimpawu zeminyaka. Kufuneka uyazi ukuba xa umntu ebudeni obuhloniphekileyo, akubona onke amayeza aboniswa kuye.

Mhlawumbi uya kufuneka ayeke ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza kunye nokusela kuphela abo abangalimazi umsebenzi wezinye izitho kunye nezixhobo zomzimba. Isiseko sokonyango kwengqondo engabandakanyekanga kukungena kwamachiza athile. Isilinganiso sazo sigqitywa ngugqirha, enikezelwe ngumdala wesigulane. Ugqirha uphinde uxele i-antidepressants. Ziyimfuneko ukuze kususwe imeko yokuxhalabisa kubantu. Kwakhona, i-anti-depressants inokuthi ithathelwe indawo kunye ne-antipsychotics. Baya kunceda ukukhupha ngaphandle koxinzelelo kwisigulane. Ukuba isigulane sesigulane sihamba kunye nesondlo, ngoko imiselwe imishanguzo ye-neuroleptic nemiphumo yengqondo ye-psychotropic.

Injongo yalezi yobisi kukuba kuqikelele ngokucacileyo umntu. Kanye kunye nokuthatha amayeza, ugqirha kunye nesigulane sinempembelelo enhle. Olu hlobo lonyango lunceda isigulane ukuba senze izakhono eziqhelekileyo zokunxibelelana kwaye sibuyele kuluntu kwindawo ephilileyo.

Thintelo

Iindlela zeprolactic ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo zizinto ezijoliswe ekuphuculeni umzimba. Unganiki ixesha elininzi lokuphumla, kufuneka uholele indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ngokufanayo, ukuthobela urhulumente, ukutya ngokufanelekileyo, ukuyeka imikhwa emibi njalo njalo.

Ubudala buhamba kunye nenyaniso yokuba isangqa soqhagamshelwano sincipha. Oku kubangelwa kukuba abantu bayathatha umhlalaphantsi, abantwana baxakeke ngobomi babo, abahlobo nabo bayeka ukugcina ubudlelwane ngezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Nangona kukho izinto ezingentla, akufanele uzivale uze uhlale wedwa kunye neengcamango zakho. Umntu ulungiswe kangangokuthi ufuna ukuthetha kunye nokuphuhlisa. Ngoko ke, abantu abakhulileyo kwaye banqongophele ekunxibelelaneni, kucetyiswa ukuba bandise uluhlu lwemfuno. Yenza into ode uphuphayo, kodwa kungekho ixesha elaneleyo. Ngokomzekelo, bhalisa kwiintanethi zentlalo, hamba, uqhelane kwaye ufumane into entsha.

Isiphelo

Ngoku uyazi ukuba yintoni i-psychosis. Iimpawu kunye nonyango zibini izihloko ezibalulekileyo, esizihlolisise ngokucacileyo kwinqaku. Siyathemba ukuba ulwazi luyincedo kuwe. Sinqwenela impilo enhle kunye nobomi obude!