Hip kwamathambo: Iimpawu and Treatment, Diagnosis

hip kwamathambo phakathi kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda kunciphisa ngamandla ithambo. Hi ndlela leyi, kaninzi kwesi sifo bayahlupheka ukusuka besini wamhle ngexesha ukuya exesheni. Ngoko ke, iimpawu kunye nonyango kwamathambo kasikrobana kufuneka aqale azi bonke abasetyhini. Amaxesha amaninzi ikhokelela waphuka zophendlo lwezifo. Kwakhona, kusenokubakho ezinye iimpawu calcium ukunqongophala emzimbeni.

Yintoni na le sifo

Iimpawu kunye nonyango kwamathambo kasikrobana ziye lwaziwa ixesha elide. Esi sifo a utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kwi kwezihlunu ithambo. ukungathobeli okunjalo kwenzeka xa ukuswela calcium phosphorus. Ngenxa yoko, kwanciphisa amandla amathambo, ndakumandisa umngcipheko Ukophuka nokwenzakala. Kuba isiguli siqala zokuphatha yingozi, kwakunye ukuwa nokuba ukusuka kumphakamo osezantsi.

Esi sifo iye kwakhona amanye amagama: "iglasi" okanye kwamathambo kwentamo. Ngokufuthi sifo kwenzeka kwindawo enye, kwaye Wayitwabulula kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Ilunga hip ithatha umthwalo zombini static kunye neguquguqukayo indalo, ngoko ke, kwamathambo isebe kwenkqubo musculoskeletal idla phantsi kwiintlobo ngeentlobo iingozi. Ngenxa yoko, ukwaphuka entanyeni TBS kukhokelela immobilization phantse ngokupheleleyo, yaye abadala kunye nokufa.

Kutheni kwenzeka sifo

Ngokufuthi ukhukuliseka zeeseli zeethishu ithambo, ukwandisa amandla abo, kungenxa kwezinye ukuphazamiseka metabolic. Ngenxa yoko, oku kunciphisa kumzimba iityuwa kwezimbiwa. Phakathi ezibangela hip kwamathambo ukunikeza:

• nokuphazamisa inkqubo hormone;
• ukuswela ivithamin D, zisenzeka kunye kwelanga zaneleyo ekwindla nasebusika;
• yokukhula, apho sigulo uqalisa inkqubela umsebenzi kwamadlala parathyroid, kwaye kananjalo engeyoyesiqhelo yokucolwa yento ephilayo;
• ukungondleki kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isenzeko calcium phosphorus ngxaki;
• ngxaki yehle secretion estrogen;
• imikhwa emibi: kakubi utywala, iziyobisi, kunye nokutshaya;
• nezici ilifa sifo;
• ukuphazamiseka bekhubazekile, kuquka ukwenza mfutshane yalityatya ngokwamathambo mnye, zokufota, dysplasia abantwana, njalo njalo.;
• utyando enxulumene nokususwa enye okanye ngaphezulu amalungu zangaphakathi;
• ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi uyakwazi ezinamanzi calcium kunye neeminerali, umzekelo, iziyobisi anticonvulsant, womchamo kunye corticosteroids.

ezinye izibalo

Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ngokweenkcukacha ingqalelo amanani lwesifo:

• 45% kwezifo ezifana kwamathambo, ichaphazela joint inyonga yifemur;
• 90% ye entanyeni nyonga ukuhlukunyezwa ingqibelelo ngenxa ekuphuhliseni kwamathambo;
• malunga ne-8% kuzo zonke iimeko, emva ezinjengokwaphuka entanyeni, izigulane wabuyela ebomini eqhelekileyo;
• emva kokuba yokophula entanyeni ezidityanelweyo ingqibelelo hip nama-75% yazo zonke iimeko umntu uba ukhubazekile, yaye malunga ne-20% ye-izigulane kufa ngenxa yokwenzakala.

Kwamathambo ibekwe yesine kuluhlu izifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Inokwenzeka ukufa A yesigulane ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye wesibeleko hip zaphuka. Esi sifo obuphantsi kuphela phambili kwindawo seswekile, izifo umhlaza kunye ukuphazamiseka zentliziyo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba uphuhliso kwamathambo kwandisa ingozi yokulimala kwamathambo, apho TBS: acetabulum, ekummandla inxalenye amathambo zangasese, epiphysis femoral, njalo-njalo.

Iimpawu hip osteoporosis

Amaxesha amaninzi wachaza sifo phantse akukho zimpawu. Noko ke, ukutshatyalaliswa yokupasa ithambo kwenzeka rhoqo. Ngelo xesha ke ukulaba iiseli ithambo - osteoblasts - musa ukuntshula. Iimpawu zesi sifo ziqala ukuvela emva komzuzwana. Ke kaloku, njengokuba ludla ngokwenzeka xa sesithathu osteoblast liyayeka ukusebenza.

Uphuhliso nasiphi na isifo kungabonwa kuphela ekumiseleni imiba kuvusa neempawu ezinxulumene. Umzekelo, iintlungu kwamathambo welungu hip kuyagcinwa:

• phezu phambi umlenze icala kunye ukwandisa umthamo (kuphuhliso ukukhathazeka sifo ziyanyuswa);
• kwi ezinqeni nasemiphakathweni - ngesiquphe.

Ubuhlungu variable. Bangafika ezinganyangekiyo okanye bukhali. ukunyuka Pain ne stress kwaye ucutho ukuphumla. Ngelo xesha kukho utshintsho iqinelwa - isigulane izama ukuphelisa imvakalelo kabi. Esi sifo sizibonakalisa kukungabikho kwaye izinto ezibangela intlungu, yaye ubuthongo, kanye ukonakala imeko jikelele.

Iimpawu kunye nonyango womlenze osteoporosis baye bafunda iminyaka emininzi. Yaye ugqirha, izigulane badla ezikhala ukudinwa, ukuba nochuku, ukudakumba, yehle ukukhubazeka. emva kokuba iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo iinyanga 12 isigulane sinokufumana ubuthathaka emlenzeni.

Yintoni na nobungakanani nezifo

Iimpawu kunye nonyango kwamathambo womlenze zixhomekeke nenqanaba sifo. Umahluko ephambili siyifumana utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo ezichongiweyo kwinkqubo diagnostic. Okwangoku kukho degrees 4 kwamathambo hip:

1. Kweli nqanaba, isigulana kuphela urhano malunga nokugula.
2. Kukho uhlobo okungephi kwamathambo.
3. Isifo uba ucaca ngakumbi.
4. Ibonisa iimpawu zokugula kakhulu.

Njani na uxilongo kwamathambo TBS

Iimpawu hip kwamathambo, ngelishwa, akusoloko avumele ixesha ukuchonga sifo, ngoko ukuba naziphi na iimpawu zidweliswe ngaphambili ezilandelayo izifundo ziqhutywa:

• MRI - ukujonga indawo ngqo ze egumbini emoyeni amathambo.
• Densitometry - indlela diagnostic, leyo ibhaqa uhlobo lokuqala sifo, ngokulinganisa kwamathambo.
• Fluoroscopy - enye yezindlela ukuba kuyokufunyaniswa isifo, kodwa kweli cala vakalelo luphantsi. Ukumisela sifo kuphela emva kokulahlekelwa-30% of mass amathambo abo.
• Uhlalutyo umchamo negazi. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukujonga ubungakanani phosphorus kunye calcium egazini, kwaye serum ialakalin phosphatase, insulin, parathormone, thyroxine, estrogen kunye cortisol.

Uthelekisa iziphumo

Kuba lokufunyaniswa kwesifo kuyimfuneko ukuchonga iimpawu hip osteoporosis kunye bone kwezimbiwa ezinoxinano xa kuthelekiswa neziphumo ezithile iparameters:

• Izincomo izinga eqhelekileyo T-score of +2,5 ukuya -1 ezinxaxhileyo kwamathambo incopho.
• Osteopenia. Xa ulwaphulo enjalo T-score phakathi ezinxaxhileyo -1 no -2,5.
• Kwamathambo. Kulo mzekelo, i T-score ngezantsi -2,5 Isalathisi kutenxa kokumiselweyo.
• kwamathambo Severe. Isalathisi T-vavanyo ngezantsi -2,5 ezinxaxhileyo. Kulo mzekelo ogulayo imbali ngokwaphulwa ngaphezu kwesinye.

Njani na unyango lwesifo

Indlela yokuphatha kwamathambo hip? Ukuze ukuphepha iimpembelelo ezingalunganga kwaye iingxaki ezinzulu ezichazwe ngezifo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqala unyango kwesi sifo ngoko nangoko emva kokuxilongwa. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukwenzakala nesi sifo, kuba kade kakhulu ukuba abaphilise. Unyango liquka abe oluntsonkothileyo amanyathelo amiselweyo ajoliswe inyama eyonakeleyo, kwakunye nophuhliso isifo stop. Kule Unyango sifo lwenziwa phantsi kweliso gqirha. unyango kwamathambo hip iquka:

1. Amayeza ejoliswe kuyehla ukutshatyalaliswa kwezihlunu ithambo. La malungiselelo kufuneka kunceda ekupheliseni unobangela sifo, ngokunjalo ivule neenkqubo okungenisa.
2. Ukugcina inqanaba icalcium efunekayo emzimbeni kunye namayeza kunye kuncedwa ukuswela novithamini D.
3. isiqabu umthwalo entlanganweni eyonakeleyo, ukusetyenziswa unyango ngokwasemzimbeni ukubuyisela ngokudibeneyo bone yesigulane.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iindlela zonyango kasikrobana okanye idolo kwamathambo joint musa kwahluke uhlobo unyango ngamayeza nokunyanga ezichazwe izifo.

Iindlela wemithi

kwamathambo ezidlulayo kasikrobana kunye nezinye iintlobo zesi sifo sinokunyangeka xa udibane ngexesha ugqirha. Phambi ezi ezimbi linokukwenziwa:

• arhente steroid ukuba isebenze iinkqubo zokubuyiselwa ithambo, umz, testosterone lithetha "Raloxifene", "teriparatide" njalo-njalo.
• amachiza Antiresorptive ukuba inciphise ukutshatyalaliswa kwezakhiwo zeethishu, ezifana "risedronate", "Alenronat", "Etildronat", "calcitonin".
• amalungiselelo hormone ukuvumela ukuba asuse unobangela sifo, ngokunjalo endaweni onke iihomoni ezingekhoyo. imithi ezinjalo babelwa ukuba abasetyhini ngexesha exesheni kunye ekutshabalaleni iintshukumo zesondo. Bona bayakwazi ukubuyisela umgangatho progestins, androgens kunye estrogen.
• Amayeza nge calcium, ukuvumela ukuba kupheliswe intswelo yezimbiwa inciphise utshintsho etshabalalisayo, ukuze bawubuyise intlungu. Ogqibeleleyo "Calcitonin", "Kaltreyt", "calcium gluconate".
• Vitamin D, metabolites zayo kakuhle. Kudla emiselweyo "Calcium D3", "Alfadol-Ca", "Natekal D3", "Akvadetrim".

Iindlela angakhetha

Ezinye iingcali welcome kunye zonyango ezaziwayo ukuze kwamathambo kasikrobana. Oku kucingwa ukuba Ukongeza elungileyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo kwesi sifo. Noko ke, ngokunokwabo ukwamkela okanye ukucima amayeza ezimiselweyo ayikhuthazwa. Oku kufuneka udibane nogqirha wakho. Kakhulu sincoma:

• Isicelo kummandla uchaphazelekayo womGaqo-cutha, leyo equka "Dimexidum" kunye nokuhlanganiswa njengohlaza comfrey. Ikhosi ye unyango - hayi ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini.
• Ummandla welungu yonakele ezinokusosulela amafutha yonke imihla. Ukuze alungiselele bath amanzi kufuneka kufudunyezwe 50 g nespruce resin, 25 g sulfate yobhedu 150 g yamafutha omnquma. Emva okupholisa, umxube ngenxa Ungongeza amacephe ama-2 yesiselo tswele.
• Thatha emachibini efudumeleyo. Ukuze ukuxuba kwi decoction wamanzi willow amaxolo. Inkqubo kufuneka imizuzu engama-20.

zokuthintela izifo

Nasiphi na isifo kulula kakhulu ukuthintela kunokuba ukuphelisa neziphumo zayo. kulo mzekelo, amanyathelo othintelo ziquka:

• Power Control. Yokudla kufuneka ubungakanani langoku eziyimfuneko zokutya isityebi ifayibha kunye leeprothini. Kuyimfuneko ukunika ngokupheleleyo up iziselo ezinxilisayo kwakunye ukutya okune cholesterol. Kucetyiswa rhoqo ukusebenzisa iimveliso njengenxenye apho isixa esikhulu kwezimbiwa. Kwakhona, ekudleni kufuneka iqulathe ubisi.
• Kufuneka uthathe izakhiwo vitamin kunye Akukho nje.
• Yokuphila kufuneka ibe esebenzayo. Noko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba siphephe imithwalo enzima.
• Kufuneka wenze umthambo ezizodwa hip kwamathambo. Le ejimini uyakwazi ukunika umthwalo olutshintshayo. Kananjalo apha kukho imithambo kuba ukomelela kunye nezimo. Xa umthambo ukwenza kufuneka kuphetshwe ukucima kombane, iintshukumo ngesiquphe kunye uphakamisa.

uluhlu loqheliso

Kuthintelo kwamathambo kasikrobana ziingcali ezidityanelweyo sinyusa uqheliso zilandelayo:

• "Bicycle". Lala ngomqolo uze wenze iinyawo motion setyhula.
• Fumana zonke ezihamba kunye yolunye aphakamise isandla sakhe sokunene, nomlenze ekhohlo, ngoko ke ingalo yasekhohlo kunye nomlenze wasekunene. Xa loo meko kufuneka zithathe imizuzwana 8-10.
• Lala ngecala lakho, phakamisa umlenze phezulu yakho. Bamba kwesi sikhundla imizuzwana-10, uze emva koko kancinane kunyaka ukuya ngaphesheya kwaye wenze umthambo ukusuka umlenze yesibini.

Yintoni sase-

Kuphela unyango ngexesha kugqirha kunye ukuxilongwa ukuthintela uphuhliso olungaphaya TBS osteoporosis, iingxaki zawo neziphumo. Ukuba uqala kwi kumabakala okuqala onyango sifo, amathuba kwakhona ukuhamba liya kuba phezulu kakhulu ngaphezu isisombululo zoqhaqho le ngxaki. Xa eliyeza kwamathambo TBS afumane ithuba kuphela ukuphunyezwa yonke imigqaliselo zonyango kunye neengcebiso.

Ekupheleni

Kwiimeko ezininzi, TBS kwamathambo kwenzeka ngenxa ukutyeshela amanyathelo othintelo ezinokuthi ukukhusela ijwabu ithambo kweenkqubo ezininzi zophendlo lwezifo. Musa ukulibala ukuba uphuhliso sifo igcwele ilahleko okupheleleyo ukuhamba, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba uthathe amanyathelo othintelo, nokuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu kwamathambo TBS kufuneka ngoko nangoko uqhagamshelane iingcali. Kuphela ugqirha angakunika kwanonyango ezintsonkothileyo. Self-amayeza kwezinye iimeko kuba nafuthe, kwaye kungakhokelela kubunzima ngaphezulu kakhulu.