Hasim Island, Japan. Ayinabantu island emzini Hasim

Nakule lonke uluntu wakha inani elikhulu izixeko kunye nezakhiwo emikhulu, kamva zayekwa. Enye iindawo ezinjalo - umzi-siqithi Hasim. Kangangeminyaka mahlanu, le ndawo komhlaba ezinabantu kakhulu kwi planethi: ibizwa ngokoqobo enyakazelayo nabantu bonke, baye ubomi ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, le meko iye yatshintsha eminyaka bamshiya siqithi Hasim. Kwenzeka ntoni kuye? Kutheni kungekho namnye umntu ohlala?

kwi siqithi

Last lendawo ngumhlali Hasim phezu enqanawa waphuma waya Nagasaki wasondela Aprili 20,-th 1974. Ukususela ngoko, izakhiwo eziphakamileyo, wakha ekuqaleni kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini, aphile ngaphandle ama ezinqabileyo ...

Hasim Island, ilivo apho namhlanje aye ehlabathini lonke, ukuba ibekwe kumazantsi Japan, eMpuma China Sea, neekhilomitha ezilishumi ukusuka Nagasaki. Igama layo lithetha Japanese "ezisemdeni siqithi", okwabizwa ngokuba Hasim Gunkandzimoy - "siqithi-inqanawa." Into yokuba nkqu zintatheli kwiphephandaba lasekuhlaleni 1920 waphawula ukuba Hasim ngal kufana inqanawa umgca enkulu "Tosa", apho ngelo xesha kule ndawo yokwakhela e Nagasaki ekwakheni corporation "Mitsubishi". Kwaye nangona ingcamango ukwenza flagship wempi Japanese Navy "inqanawa" ayikho nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba yinyaniso, isiteketiso ngokuqinileyo qhoboshela siqithi.

Kodwa, Hasim ngoko impressively singayilindele njalo. Kude ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ngomnye iziqithi zamatye mmandla Nagasaki, nokusetyenziswa encinane ezininzi ukuze ubomi obuqhelekileyo kuphela ngamaxesha kutyelelwa iintaka bendawo ukuze abalobi.

utshintsho

Konke oko kwatshintsha ngexesha 1880s. ngoko Japan kokudlula kwi mveliso, apho izibonelelo ezininzi kubaluleke namalahle. Kwisiqithi esiselumelwaneni Takashima Hasim ukuba zisetyenziswe kweminye imithombo zempahla ekrwada ezinokunika yokuguqula ngokukhawuleza Nagasaki kushishino metallurgical. Impumelelo Takashima zam negalelo ekubeni kwi Hasim kungekudala, ngowe-1887, loo yam yokuqala yasekwa clan Fukahori usapho. Ngowe-1890, Wathenga iqela siqithi "Mitsubishi", waza waqalisa uphuhliso olukhawulezayo yeziveliso zayo zendalo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwafuneka ukuba ibe ngaphezulu ... Le nkampani "Mitsubishi", nto leyo eye izibonelelo zemali phantse unlimited, waba iprojekthi utsalo kwamanzi kwezimbiwa zokubasa kwi Hasim ilizwe namalahle. Ngowe-1895, zam ezitsha, nto leyo eye ubunzulu yeemitha 199 yavulwa apha 1898 - kwenye. Ekugqibeleni, phantsi siqithi kwaye ulwandle zilurhangqile wabumba ekulo zeentsebenzo zasemanzini komhlaba ukuya kubunzulu kweemitha ezintandathu ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle.

zokwakha

Itsalwa kwiqela rock inkunkuma yeyam "Mitsubishi" lisetyenziswa ukwandisa kummandla Hasim. isicwangciso wokwakha yaphuhliswa kwisiqithi isixeko ukuphila mgodini kunye nabasebenzi. Oku kungenxa umnqweno ukunciphisa iindleko, ngokuba le mihla kwakufuneka kusiwa ulwandle ngokutshintsha apha e Nagasaki.

Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba "reconquering" ummandla wePasifiki Hasim lanyuka ukuya 6.3 hectares. Ubude ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma obeziimitha ezili-160, kwaye ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi - 480 leemitha. Inkampani "Mitsubishi" ngo-1907, singqongwe ummandla eludongeni eziphathekayo, nto leyo wakhonza asisithintelo ukukhusele ndawo komhlaba zizaqhwithi rhoqo nolwandle.

zokwakha ezinkulu-scale Hasim yaqala ngo-1916, xa yayiveliswa khona ngenxa 150 kweetoni eziliwaka amalahle ngonyaka ngamnye, yaye abemi 3000. Iminyaka engama-58, inkxalabo waphakamisa apha 30 Izakhiwo eziphakamileyo, izikolo, iicawe, enkulisa, isibhedlele, iklabhu ngenxa ngabasebenzi, amachibi okudada,-bhanyabhanya kunye nezinye izibonelelo. Iivenkile zizodwa 25 ziingceba. Ekugqibeleni, ukumila siqithi waqala ukufana i wempi "Tosa" kunye Hasim got igama layo.

izakhiwo zokuhlala

Isakhiwo yokuqala enkulu kwi Hasim ekuthiwa-House Glover, okupewa yi injineli Scottish Thomas Glover. Kwakubeka ukusebenza ngo-1916. indlu yokuhlala mgodini isakhiwo esinemigangatho-ezisixhenxe isitiya lophahla kunye nevenkile kumgangatho ophantsi yaye kuqala ngakumbi into yaseJapan eziphathekayo yale ubukhulu. embindini siqithi kwiminyaka emibini kamva kwakhiwa kwisakhiwo yokuhlala elikhulu-scale Nikkyu. Enyanisweni, Hasim Island (ifoto izindlu ingabonwa kwinqaku) yaba yovavanyo kwakhe izinto esitsha isakhiwo, ukuba ukwakha izibonelelo ngaphambili isikali emangalisayo.

Xa indawo elinganiselwe kakhulu naziphi abantu bazama ukusebenzisa ngobulumko isithuba. Phakathi izakhiwo kwiintendelezo exineneyo balungiselela iigadi ezincinane zoluntu zokuzihlaziya lezakhiwo. Ngoku Hasim - Island-uphawu apho kungekho namnye uhleliyo, kanti ezinabona bantu. Ukwakhiwa Izakhiwo zokuhlala zange ayeke nkqu ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, nangona kwezinye iindawo zeli lizwe ngayo ebesoyika. Nantsi ke ingcaciso: ubukhosi ukulwa kwakufuneka isibaso.

sempi

Enye iindawo zonqulo kwi likwindawo "kwiZinyuko Esihogweni" - ukunyuka elibonakala engaphele ndawo, ekhokelela Senpukuji etempileni. Akukho mntu owaziyo ukuba kunjalo yayibonakala abahlali Hasim ngakumbi "hellish" - ukuba boyise amakhulu amanyathelo amqengqelezi okanye ulandele le ekuhleni kungena mibono kwizitrato zesixeko emxinwa, badla, ndayihluthwa kwelanga. Hi ndlela leyi, ezindlwini abantu ababehlala kweso siqithi Hasim (saseJapan), ukujongelwa, ngenxa yomsebenzi basemgodini '- oku nomsebenzi kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngexesha lemfazwe, mgodini abaninzi oqulunqwe ukungenela umkhosi, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi inkxalabo "Mitsubishi" yenziwe ukuze abasebenzi Korean and Chinese. Amaxhoba nakwisiqingatha nalamba ubukho kunye nokuxhatshazwa sizwe kwimigodi baqalisa amawaka abantu; ezinye wafa ngenxa yesifo nokudinwa, ngoxa abanye babulawa ekubulaweni. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu lwaphaphatheka ngamandla ukuya kudonga siqithi iinzame yanto ukudada ukuba i 'nezwe'.

ukululama

Emva kwemfazwe, uqoqosho waseJapan baqalisa khona ibuyambo ekhawulezileyo. 1950 waba "yegolide" kuba Hasim: inkampani "Mitsubishi" uye waba ngaphezu indlela oluphucukileyo ukwenza ushishino, kwidolophu zemigodi wavula isikolo kunye esibhedlele. Ngo-1959 abantu ifikelele incopho yayo. ha 6.3 zomhlaba, apho iipesenti ezingama-60 kuphela babexakekile belungisa indawo, afihla abantu 5259. Hasim island ngelo xesha akukho alwayo e ehlabathini kwizibonakalisi ezifana "nengxinano yabemi": kwi hektare enye accounted for abantu 1391. Abakhenkethi afika namhlanje kunye Injongo excursion kwi kwisiqithi esikude Hasim, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba nkqu engama-55 eyadlulayo, iindawo zokuhlala ebezipakishwa ngokoqobo kunye nabantu.

Siwele i "inqanawa"

Kakade ke, le moto phezu siqithi. Yaye kutheni ufanele ukuba, ukuba, njengoba abantu bendawo bathi, ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye Hasim kunokuba ngokukhawuleza icuba? E yimvula, bade yamaHindu azifuneki: imeyizi entsonkothileyo ngayo amaziko igqunyiweyo, iipaseji kunye ngezinyuko ixhulumanisa phantse zonke izakhiwo, kunjalo, ubukhulu becala, abantu abazange babe kuyimfuneko ukuba ahlale ngaphakathi endlini.

sabaphathi

Hasim island yayiyindawo apho walawula lwemigangatho engqongqo kwezentlalo. Njengoko kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenzeka kuboniswe kwisabelo lwezindlu. Ngoko ke, ngokulawulwa yeyam "Mitsubishi" wathabatha omnye kuphela kwi siqithi: indlu enomgangatho omnye, eyakhelwe zamawa. Oogqirha, abaphathi, ootitshala babehlala kwizindlu nangokwahlukeneyo kwigumbi elinye, kakhulu amagumbi eliphangaleleyo kunye nekhitshi labucala kunye lokuhlambela. Le iintsapho zabasebenzi basemgodini zaye zabelwa enamagumbi amabini endlini 20 eemitha isikwere, kodwa ngaphandle ekhitshini yayo, kwishawa yangasese - ezi zinto zaba eqhelekileyo "phantsi". ngabasebenzi Lonely, kwakunye nabasebenzi ngamaxesha wayehlala kumagumbi kummandla we-10 square metres kumakhaya zakhiwa apha kwinkulungwane yama-20.

Inkxalabo "Mitsubishi" afumaneka kwi ekuthiwa-abucala-Hasim nguzwilakhe. Le nkampani, kwelinye icala, enika imisebenzi ngabasebenzi, ukunika umvuzo, izindlu, yaye kwelinye - ukunyanzela abantu batsalwa imisebenzi yoluntu: nokucoca indawo kunye namagumbi kwizakhiwo.

Ukuxhomekeka kwi 'nemisinga'

I-mgodini wanika Japan ilungelo yamalahle wayo, kwaye ubukho babo uxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo izinto wazikhulula iimpahla 'mpumalanga', ukutya, okanye amanzi. Apha de 1960 abazange isityalo de 1963 ukuya Hasim kunye Kyushu zange akhulule umhlaba, eyenza kube lula ukwahlula imiyezo phezu kwezindlu zezakhiwo ulungise iigadi ezincinane kunye neegadi zoluntu kwiindawo ezimbalwa free. Kuphela ke abahlali 'wempi' ukwenza ngalima imifuno.

Hasim - Phantom Island

Emva phaya 1960 ekuqaleni. kwabonakala ukuba siqithi elindele ikamva eliqaqambileyo. Kodwa ngenxa lokuncitshiswa ixabiso ioli ekupheleni kweminyaka bekhupha amalahle kwabaluleka lutho. Kulo lonke eli lizwe, imayini yavalwa, yiloo sisiqithi esincinci East Sea China uza kuba lixhoba a yokuziqhelanisa kwakhona yaseJapan malunga nokusetyenziswa "ngegolide black". Ekuqaleni 1974 inkxalabo "Mitsubishi" wabhengeza ekuvalweni imigodi Hasim ngoMatshi ukuvala esikolweni. Umhlali yokugqibela ngasekhohlo "inqanawa" ngoAprili 20. Ukususela ngoko, i-ghost idolophu-siqithi Hasim, eminyaka 87 kunye ezinjalo imisebenzi yakhiwa, lisenza batshatyalaliswe. Namhlanje ukhonza ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngembali yoluntu Japanese.

ethandwa

Kangangexesha elide Hasim sele ivaliwe kubakhenkethi ukususela kwakhiwe kwisiqingatha sokuqala isakhiwo kwinkulungwane yama-20 eli zathotywa. Kodwa ukususela ngo-2009, abasemagunyeni baqalisa ukuthintela siqithi wonke. Ukuze iindwendwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo i "inqanawa" ukuhamba ekhethekileyo indlela luye lwaququzelelwa.

Kwaye hayi kudala Hasim siqithi sele itsale ingqalelo ngakumbi. Igagasi umdla wavuka emva kokukhutshwa inxalenye yokugqibela lo amaqhawe malunga adventures James Bond, amaBritane 007. isikhundla Raoul Silva, umguvela iphambili film "Abadibanisi Skayfoll", ezifotwe 2012, yaye kuyabonakala ukuba zikotshwe kunye Hasim, nangona ukuthi ifilimu wadutyulwa zombukiso Pinewood studio.

ukhenketho virtual

Namhlanje, ezinye bathandi baye iziphakamiso kuvuselelwa lonke isiqithi, ngenxa yokuba amandla ayo ukhenketho kakhulu. Bafuna ukuba balungiselele apha kwi-open-air museum kwaye ziquka Hasim UNESCO. Nangona kunjalo, ukubuyisela inkitha izakhiwo ezidilikileyo kubiza, kwaye ibhajethi ukulungiselela ezi njongo ukuba kunzima ukuchaza.

Noko ke, kanye ngoku enyuka anzima "inqanawa" kuba nabani na, ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya. Google Street View ngoJulayi 2013 wenza uphando siqithi, kwaye ngoku kubonakala abemi behlabathi hayi iibhloko kuphela Hasim ingafikeleleki kubakhenkethi okwangoku, kodwa ukuba zityelele amakhaya ngabasebenzi, izakhiwo ashiywe ngoyaba izinto zemihla ngemihla kunye nezinto aphoswe ngaphandle.

Hasim Island - uphawu ngqwabalala yokuzalwa esikhulu koshishino eJapan, ngelo xesha ibonisa ukuba nokuba phantsi kwelanga, akukho nto ihlala ngonaphakade.