Gulag Museum eMoscow

Ngowe-2001, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuvula i-National Museum of the Gulag eMoscow. Umsunguli saso AV isemoyeni - umzobo yoluntu, umbhali-mbali, intatheli, naye kwakufuneka aye kuzo zonke zamasikizi kwiinkampu Stalin kaThixo.

imemori Human yenziwe ngohlobo lokuba uyakwazi ukuzigqwetha kwaye nkqu ngokupheleleyo 'uzibhale' le nkcazelo ikhoyo. Ziziphi iziganeko ukuba iphinde izivelise kwakhona kakhulu ngokukhawuleza? Ngokwendalo, elungileyo, kokubi kwaye ufuna ngokukhawuleza "ukosula 'kwaye akukho zaphelelwa ukubavuselela.

Kodwa ke, ngaphambili, isizwe sethu kukho iziganeko kunye izibakala akufuneki kulityalwa ephakadeni, ngenxa yokuba imbali yethu.

Enye yezi lamaphepha ngaphambili lusizi welizwe lethu bukhulu Gulag. Abaninzi namhlanje amadodana (kwaye, ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye hayi kangako) abantu kakubi Khawucinge nje ukuba Gulag, ezinye indima semfene ayidlalileyo kwimbali yesizwe sethu. Kwaye ngaphambili kwi USSR kwakungekho usapho ukuba kwakungayi ngayo intlangano onamandla onke, owoyikekayo nesele.

Museum of History

De 2001, imbali ye-Gulag wayekho kuphela, imisebenzi uncwadi, amaxwebhu ezibhaliweyo memoirs. yokwakha ngokutsha izinto kwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba kwakukho Gulag Museum eMoscow.

indalo yayo weza engqondweni hayi njengomntu oqhelekileyo, kodwa oyingcali, ukuhlola kakuhle imbali lizwe, umbhali-yekhasi, ukulwa ngenxa amalungelo wethu, mna mbanjwa Gulag, apho bafumana kwiintlungu kwinkampu kangangeminyaka eli-13. AV isemoyeni - unyana igosa cishe, revolution hi ku tiyiseka, owayesakuba eyahamba.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Ngowe-2001, i-ofisi kasodolophu eMoscow iye zabelwe i-museum kwindawo ye-700 m². Kwakuba esihle kakhulu, efuna ukubuyiselwa. plus kuphela yakhe indawo lula - entliziyweni kwikomkhulu, Akukude Lubyanka, ngomhla Kuznetsky abaninzi.

AV isemoyeni kwavunywa isikhundla sokuba ngumlawuli. Wahlala kule ndawo iminyaka elishumi elinanye. Ngelishwa, ngowama-2013, ubomi unyaka-94, wayesele engasekho yena.

ukuqokelela izinto

Le myuziyam lokuqala yabucala izinto uyise wamnika Vladimir isemoyeni. Kungekudala, amabanjwa owayesakuba inkampu eyoyikekayo, izihlobo zabo baqala ukubathwala ngeenkuko isipho nezinto nanto. Ezi zobuqu izinto, iincwadi, iifoto, iincwadi kunye namaxwebhu. Ngo-2004, i-Gulag Museum kwi Petrovka wadibana iindwendwe kuqala.

Into yokuqala

Abo babanjiweyo bawe entendelezweni emyuziyam, luphahlwe kocingo oluhlabayo oluhlabayo ukuxelisa inkampu ze ebona inyango, ayikho yedwa.

Iifestile ingaphandle sakhiwo zifakiwe eni elinambini yamadoda amakhulu abhubha kwiinkampu Stalin kaThixo.

Ntoni ukuze ubone

Gulag Museum eMoscow abe umboniso isigxina, nto leyo ifumaneka kwi-100 square metres kumgangatho wesibini wesakhiwo. Kukho neenqwelwana ukuba yazisa iintsapho Bulat Okudzhava, George Zhzhenova kunye nabanye abantu ezihloniphekileyo, kwakunye iifoto ezininzi amaxhoba. Lo mboniso lizisa amaxwebhu agciniweyo, ndaba kweminquba eludongeni, iimephu.

Apha ungabona amabanjwa izinto zemihla - ngeembiza, neenkamba, jackets quilted. A lot of abantu abanetalente ndacanda ezi nkampu. Namhlanje, i Museum Gulag unalo ingqokelela mizobo abaculi-amabanjwa.

abasebenzi Museum waxelela ityala xa weza abafazi ababini abadala, oyinzalelwane Kabardino-Balkaria. Balizisa ke ivenkile isipho izinto ezahlukeneyo zembali: amaxwebhu, iincwadi, iincwadi babesakuba ngamabanjwa. Ke kubo bonke, Kakade ke, izinto ezibalulekileyo, abasebenzi bachukunyiswa kakhulu bezisa izihlangu baby ezincinane kunye iikawusi. Kwathi kanti, le yabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 uzama ukubuyisela izinto zexabiso kunye nolwazi malunga abahlali Kabardino-Balkaria, abo zinganakwa, yaye ngoko ngeendleko zakhe wapapasha incwadi ngabo.

Omnye abafazi ezigcinwe entolongweni iminyaka emi-3 egumbini, kanye apho nomama wakhe xa iinyanga zisibhozo kuphela ubudala. Amanyathelo okuqala ikhobokazana wenza kumgangatho wesamente ngumkhenkce kwegumbi. Ngenye imini kweza intloko koloni. Xa ubone umntwana ekhenkcezisiweyo kunye ngeenyawo, ngasizathu sithile, akhale ngequbuliso wathabatha yimfesane waza wayalela abangaphantsi bakhe ukuba athenge ngayo kwimarike ezi izihlangu kunye iikawusi. Okuyo kakhulu abasebenzi lwembali akakwazi ukuzibamba iinyembezi zakhe, ukubalisa amabali ezinjalo.

Kwi kumgangatho ophantsi wesakhiwo zinginginya ngeentlobo Imiboniso, etshintsha rhoqo. izifundo zabo kunye isimiso ungafumana kwi website esemthethweni yimyuziyam.

Gulag Museum: features umsebenzi

Kuyimfuneko ukuba bathi bonke abasebenzi museum ziyivela kakhulu ukukhunjulwa kwabo isiphelo lenze kwintlungu enje.

Le myuziyam iqhuba Iziko abangamavolontiya, equka abathanda, abantu zobuchule kunye friendly kakhulu. Yintoni le ziko? Inceda abasebenzi museum ukuba aqhube iintlanganiso anomdla amagqala, imiboniso abahambahambayo, kunye Ikonsathi. Amavolontiya ukunceda abantu abadala kwaye usempilweni kakhulu, amaxhoba zocindezelo kaStalin. Wonke umntu uyakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwiziko emsebenzini. Ukuze wenze oku, bagcwalise iphepha lemibuzo, baya kwi-ofisi itikiti lwembali.

Iba

Bonke batyelela Gulag Museum (iifoto apho ubona kwinqaku lethu) qaphela ukuba wabhekana nemizwa kakhulu. Heart ezika e emehlweni amaxwebhu thaca apha kunye nemiboniso. Zonke iindwendwe bevumelana into enye - loo imyuziyam Gulag kufuneka atyelele ukuze wonke. Ukuze ukhumbule thina nabantwana bethu nabazukulwana, oko kukuthi ingcinezelo kaStalin yaye kokukhona Ajika kubantu bethu. Kufuneka kubonwe ukuba soze ukuthintela ukwenzeka ntlekele ezoyikekayo ilizwe labo lokuzalwa.

Ust-Kabyrza museum "Shor Gulag"

Kuzbass Ulawulo kukhunjulwa amaxhoba zocindezelo yezopolitiko esekwe an open-air imyuziyam. Ibizwa ngokuba "Gulag Shor". Zonke iindwendwe zawo Ngokwahluke ezakha ubangel intaba Shoria, zobungangamela yokhenketho "Sheregesh" kwaye ikopi kweminquba, ibiyelwe ngocingo oluhlabayo, kunye enqabeni yaye iimboniselo labalindi.

Xa indawo Tashtagolsky kwakukho izinto ezinkulu ngaphezulu kwama-30 kunye nokudluliselwa kwezilungiso. De namhla akukho iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo bangaphi abantu ababulewe kula ezindongeni. Thina kuphela uyazi ukuba waba izinga lokusweleka liphezulu Shor Gulag - 25%. umsebenzi ayakhathaza manual, ukungabikho kokutya, impahla, amayeza, isifo kakhulu ukuba ibango ubomi.

Gulag Museum ise kwilali Ust-Kabyrza. gumbi ezidilikileyo, iimboniselo oonogada abaxhobileyo, iingcingo kunye neengcingo ezihlabayo - konke oku uvelisa umfanekiso ubunyani ezo minyaka ezoyikekayo.

Kule nkampu bagxothwa iVolga baseJamani. Kude kube ngoku inzala yabo bahlala kumazwe Kuzbass. Emva kokuphumelela idlule, abatyeleli bazifumana phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo ekuhlaleni yeziko loluleko. Lo mboniso osondeza imbali yonke kuphuhliso iinkampu Kuzbass kwixesha ukususela 1920 ukuya 1950.

indawo museum Interactive unika abatyeleli ithuba ukusebenza ngesandla -babona - isixhobo engundoqo amabanjwa kweminquba.

Mountain Shoria ngonyaka ngamnye ukuze ukuthatha iindwendwe ubuncinane 10,000 ukusuka kwilizwe lethu ezivela kwamanye amazwe.

Mhlawumbi, imbali nayiphi hlanga amabala amnyama. Ngelishwa, elidlulileyo lingachanekanga yaye akazange abuye. Museum of the Gulag - i "kumatshini ixesha" lokuba kuthatha kuthi emva kwelo thuba eyoyikekayo zocindezelo kwenkqubo kaStalin, apho ubomi bomntu eneriseka nto yaye nokulihlazo zonakale amawakawaka abantu.