Ezifakwe ukuba isiseko. Ukubalwa nokuqiniswa for kwesiseko ekubhalwe

Ukufezekisa elilelona zokwakha amandla zokwakha mihla kunceda technology unyanzeliso. Iindlela aziwe yayo eziphindaphindiweyo kunye ukukhetha kuxhomekeke eziliqela parameters kunye kwaye kuqinise into. Uninzi armature ezifanayo ezifunyenwe njengelungu isiseko - ngenxa amandla eliphezulu intonga metal icandelo isakhiwo kuyilwa ekuthiwa eziphathekayo. Kulo mzekelo, ukudityaniswa kweentonga kwi kwisiseko eziphathekayo kufuneka ibalwe ngqo, kungenjalo yonke imigudu ukudala iqonga esomeleleyo ziya kuba lilize.

Inani elinkeza iziphumo ukubala wezifundo

Ukubala umthamo kunye parameters kwensimbi "amathambo" akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ulwazi mihlaba ezifunekayo ngokunxulumene kwisakhiwo ngokwaso. Ngokusekelwe iimpawu zayo olukhethiweyo kugunyaziso ukuba isiseko. Olubalo senziwa kwizalathisi eziliqela, esicacisa umgangatho zobugcisa nezokusebenza lwezakhiwo.

Uluhlu lwamaxabiso esisiseko iquka iinketho ezilandelayo:

• imivalo ubunzima kusetyenziswa;
• ubude isiqalelo ngasinye;
• ubunzima isidumbu jikelele;
• ububanzi ribbing;
• inani kweentonga.

Kubonakala ukuba ukusetyenziswa enokwenzeka nani liphezulu semigudu kuya kuvumela ukuphumeza zobugcisa neendlela zokusebenza kwizinga eliphezulu isiseko yokwakha. Kodwa ke akunjalo, ekubeni ukusasazwa olungachanekanga imithwalo phezu kwesiseko kungabangela isiphumo esahlukileyo, buthathaka isakhiwo.

Ukubalwa kwe slab isiseko

Enye ethandwayo uhlobo isiseko yinto slab. Kulo mzekelo, iintonga exabe of sangqa esingekho ngaphantsi kwe-1 cm. Ukhetho ubukhulu ixhomekeke endlwini zomhlaba iimpawu ubunzima injongo. Umzekelo, ukuba isakhiwo ephakamileyo ngamaplanga, ukubalwa kugunyaziso ukuba kwesiseko ekubhalwe sigqibe Ebubanzini minimum obuvumelekileyo. Kwimeko ilitye okanye indlu yezitena lo mzobo umlinganiselo 1.5 cm. Ngenxa yezi data ukukhetha isixa ngokupheleleyo umbandela nokuqinisa.

Inyathelo wocingo

Inani kweentonga kunye nobukhulu yazo kufuneka kubalwe kwi inyathelo kwigridi. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngaba uceba a slab kwesiseko unyanzeliso 6x6 m, lekhefu ka-20 cm. Oko kufuneka ukucwangcisa intonga 31 phezulu phantsi. Ngoko ke, ukubala ubungakanani kugunyaziso ukuba isiseko kulo mzekelo obonisa imfuneko kweentonga 62. Kodwa loo nto zonke - kuba kwipleyiti ukhandwa iibhanti ezimbini, isiphumo oyinhloko liphindaphindwe ezimbini - ojika kunye neeyunithi 124. Ubude lilonke umbandela, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni intonga mntu ubude 6 m, zifikelela kwi 744 m.

Kwakhona kufuneka connecting izixhobo. Oku kubalwa ngamnye kwaye zisekelwe phezu ububanzi ibhanti - izalele imivalo kwi ube zizahlulo ezimbalwa kwimitha ubude. Kwimeko isiseko yachaza ubude yonke vana abangabancedani malunga 100 m.

Ukubalwa isiseko strip

Xa iziseko tape ukwakhiwa indlu nako kusetyenziswa imidlalo nge 10-14 mm ububanzi. Kodwa kukho umahluko omnye egqiba ingakumbi kweentonga kwi zokusela iziseko ezinjalo. Inyaniso kukuba isakhiwo eziphathekayo uhlobo iribhoni iyamelana ngakumbi ukugotywa, ngoko ke Ebubanzini ekuqaleni liphantsi kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa analog of esityeni.

Kuba imivalo nokuqiniswa longitudinal zisetyenziswa kwibakala A3. umsebenzi wabo eyabelwe ekufumaneni umthwalo ngoko nangoko kwi kwisiseko egqiba imfuneko yokusebenzisa iintonga ne kumphezulu kakuhle. imithwalo Ngaphantsi eliphezulu kuthwalwa yi izinto ezithe nkqo ezinqamlezayo, ukuze zibe mpuluswa - uphawu A1. Ngokwesiqhelo, kwemithambo ukuze kubalwe le isiseko tape iquka ufakelo kweentonga ezine kwicala longitudinal - ezimbini ibhanti nganye. Ukuba iimfuno ukuthembeka ukwandisa ngenxa kozinzo okanye zomhlaba iimpawu yesakhiwo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kwandiswe inani kweentonga.

Calculation for isisekelo pier

Olu hlobo siseko ubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ekubetheleleni iintonga kunye Ebubanzini lincinci -. Sangqa bajikeleza ka 1-1.2 cm umthwalo engundoqo iqalise iintonga exabe A3 nkqo, lo gama (0.6 cm zamafu) iziqalelo zisebenza kuphela umsebenzi indlela lungu othe tye .

Njengoko i nokuqinisa umzekeliso ingathatha ubude kwalomu ka-2 m kanye ububanzi ka-40 cm. Kukho izinto ezine ezifunekayo sangqa 1.2 cm, phakathi leyo igcinwe kwinyathelo-20 cm. Senza imivalo tinyiketela kwamagingxi-6 mm ubukhulu. Ngokuphathelele ubude ukubalwa kugunyaziso pier isiseko angamelwa njengoko bha ezine nkqo ye-2 m kwi-mali lilonke 8 m.

scheme nokuqiniswa

Amacebo anyuliweyo unyanzeliso kuxhomekeke imilo yesakhelo metal kwi isiseko eziphathekayo. Le yamva, xa ke, kuya kuqinisekisa ukusebenza loqwalaselo esetyenzisiweyo - kwimeko nganye inokuba nomahluko.

Umthetho esisiseko ngokukhetha inkqubo ukuyilwa kobume kwizinti but is lutyekele kakhulu iifomu ezifanelekileyo. Ukufakelwa izinto kugunyaziso ngokohlobo uxande okanye isikwere, njengoko kubonisa, inika isakhiwo ephezulu ukuthembeka. Noko ke, kusenokubakho ezinye izisombululo kwisixhobo benqwanqwa ukomeleza ukuba iprojekthi le ndlu ngokwayo kuphambuka imigangatho.

Indawo scheme imivalo kubume eziphathekayo kufuneka athathele ingqalelo inzuzo ezongezelelweyo, Noko ke, leyo, akaqinisekanga kunjalo, ukuba yakhiwe isiseko ekubhalwe kuso. Ukubalwa ekomelezeni unyanzeliso olusetyenziswa ngayo ngakumbi tape tabs eziphathekayo xa engile kunye namalungu kwakheka.

kwemidlalo Ayanda

Nditsho yokubala echanekileyo unyanzeliso ayiboneleli ukuthembeka ukuqina isiseko, xa ukhetha indlela embi bokulungisa obusezintongeni ezo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iikhompawundi izakhiwo zentsimbi kunye namacandelo ezisetyenzisiweyo iintsimbi, kodwa kwimeko kuyanqweneleka ukuhlala kunye kugunyaziso kwi isibiyeli wire - isakhiwo ezi zinto ukugcina umgangatho wayo wakuqala, ethembekileyo abalwazi eziphathekayo.

Ukulungiselela le njongo wire ezibophelelayo umlobothi okhethekileyo ekuvumela ukuba ukudala iindawo. Iqondo eliphezulu amandla isidumbu kunokwenzeka kuphela iyunifomu osuka iinxalenye iintonga ukuhlangabezana - ngaphandle ephathelele iinxalenye lembombo ezifuna yokukhulisa. Ngaphezu kwaqinisa rebar ngenxa isiseko, evumela ekubaleni "ngxaki" amalungu kunye neekona, uya kunika ukhuselo ukuyila iimpembelelo emzimbeni.

Ngokomlinganiselo, edibeneyo ngalinye kuphela malunga ne-25 cm kwicingo yokubopha. Ukunyusa ukuthembeka kokufakelwa node inokuba ugqitha ezweni kabini, ngoko ke sebenzisa igwegwe crochet.

Iimposiso kule kugunyaziso

Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokuzikhusela wena evela ekukhetheni okubi kunye nokufakelwa unyanzeliso - ukubambelela ngokungqongqo kuxwebhu projekthi. Ukutyeshela iseti ukwakhiwa parameters ukuze kunxulumana umnqweno kuqoqosho, nokungabikho umbandela ofunekayo, njl Nganye yezi meko kudala umngcipheko ukhuseleko into yakhiwa. Kwakhona kucetyiswa ukuba ukulibala malunga nemithetho zobugcisa apho kugunyaziso ezikhethelwe isiseko. Yokuyibala izisebenzisa nesimbo ngakumbi, kodwa igalelo engundoqo kwimpumelelo projekthi iza kuzisa umgangatho impahla ephambili.

Ukongeza, umbutho kunye kugunyaziso kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ezi mpazamo zilandelayo:

• Ukusebenzisa ye povray kwi iimpawu vana. iintonga Smooth ayikwazi ingaguqulwa analogs kunye kumphezulu exabe, kwakunye udidi omnye eziphathekayo - abanye.
• imiphezulu metal ngequbuliso. Ubukho ezityebileyo, ngokudleka ubumdaka akwamkelekanga kuba lunciphisa umgangatho izinto ngcina.
• Iimposiso kule ukubalwa amathuba, njengoko apho kugunyaziso ubekelwe isiseko. Ukubalwa langutela ukusuka intonga enye ukuya kwenye kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-2 cm - ugwetyelwayo ngokwembono loyilo kunye nokuthembeka zokusasaza umthwalo umlinganiselo.
• Connection izixhobo kwiindawo ekusoluleni isiseko eziphathekayo. Ukuba kukho ubude elingonelanga unyanzeliso lisetyenziswa yi indlela akhande ezimbaxa. Nangona kukho amaxesha xa indlela enjalo kuvunyelwa, kungakuhle ukuphepha amanqaku ngokungeyomfuneko nimanyane.

Iimpawu ze ukubala fiberglass unyanzeliso

Izinto eziluncedo kwizinti edityanisiweyo metal analog kwakhokelela kwayo. Ngokumalunga ubukhulu kunye nobunzima yokubala zu kugunyaziso kuba isiseko thile ezahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, izinto ezintsha izihlandlo eziliqela elula kunentsimbi - kangangokuba ubunzima 100 m ukurhangqa unyanzeliso fiberglass ngu 8 kg. Okwesibini, labalandeli kwandisa amandla ekumgangatho eziphathekayo, nto leyo evumela ukunciphisa ububanzi izinto abangakumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba iprojekthi ichaziwe iintonga yentsimbi ububanzi of 1 cm, kunokwenzeka ukuba bamvalele enobubanzi 0.8 isentimitha.