"Engerix" - hepatitis B lokugonya ekwakhiweni lwamachiza, analogs kunye nohlolo

"Engerix" - isitofu sokugonya sibhekiswe kuphuhliso sohlobo B. Ngenxa ukusetyenziswa kwayo uvelisa omzimba kwi-arhente causative kwesi sifo. Isitofu sokugonya - a iantigens virus (umphezulu engundoqo), inkqubo yokugqibela zokucoca, adsorbed kwi aluminium hayidroksayidi. Isitofu sokugonya esiveliswa ukuphunyezwa technology DNA sathi.

Ukusebenza ichiza xa yenziwa abadala, abantwana kunye neentsana abasemngciphekweni, nge-avareji 98%. Ukusuka ulawulo isitofu ezenziwa omzimba HBs-ezithile, ezo bakhuselwe hepatitis B. coinfection "Engerix" uyakwazi kohlobo D.

Ekwakhiweni, ifomu ukukhululwa "Engerix" iziyobisi

Le ndlela ifumaneka njengezingxobo. Ithamo ukuba iphathwe umntwana ingqamana ml 0.5 ukuze umntu omdala - 1 ml. Nokupakishwa iqulethe ukuya ezineengqayi ezilikhulu (ezilishumi, okanye i elinamanci mathandathu).

"Engerix" umvelisi uveza ezineengqayi ukuba ziquka ml-5 (ehambelana abantwana-10 ngeedosi) kunye ml-10 (ehambelana amathamo-10 abantu abadala) sokugonya. Iincwadi zibekwe iibhotile amahlanu "Engerix".

Ichiza ukuba abadala

Ukubunjwa 1 ml lokugonya iquka pathogen iantigens (20 micrograms) ifakiwe nayo aluminium hayidroksayidi. Ukuqulunqwa esetyenzisiweyo ukubola ukuba igama "2-Phenoxyethanol", kukho izinto ezidibene thimerosal, ekubeni usebenzisa le nto ukuba zenziwe medicament. Abasusa thimerosal evela zitofu, xa ukucoca yenziwa. Ekwenziweni ichiza esetyenzisiweyo kesodiyam digidrofosfatadigidrat gidrofosfatadigidrat, amanzi engenazintsholongwane lifakiwe.

A Isitofu for abantwana

Ku 1 ml yokulungiselela "Engerix" isitofu Ukwakhiwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• lwegciwane Isilwa (10 micrograms);
• imali ubuncinane thimerosal kweziyobisi;
• amacandelo ezongezelelweyo (ngokufanayo kwi ukulungiselela umntu omdala).

imiphumela kwemithi

Isilwa-buhlungu esisegazini iveliswa ngokusebenzisa igwele Saccharomyces nenkcubeko, oko kunempembelelo ethile. Saccharomyces eziveliswa ekususeni iiseli ukusuka iantigens, inkqubo nje ngokucokisekileyo linendawo ekwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kukho idatha ebonisa ubuchule 'Engerix "ukunciphisa amathuba yokuphuhlisa carcinoma hepatocellular ngenxa kulawulo lokugonya kubantwana abancinane.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba ukusetyenziswa

"Engerix" imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa ekucetyiswa ukuba nokuthintela hepatitis B, leyo kuxhokonxwa ukwenzeka kwale ntsholongwane. Ugonyo kuyacetyiswa amaqela abasemngciphekweni. Oku kuquka:

• abongikazi;
• Abantu abaza kuphila ngenxa nokufakelwa amalungu omzimba;
• abahlali kwimimandla ezisoloko zikho kohlobo B;
• abantu unengxaki yokusela;
• abafundela ubugqirha;
• izigulane sikulungele ukuba baqhube imisebenzi okanye iinkqubo isongelwa zokuxilonga;
• abathwali intsholongwane ebangela uphuhliso sohlobo C;
• abasebenzi abavelisa amalungiselelo immunobiological equlathe izakhi igazi;
• abantwana ezintandane, kwizikolo zamabhoda;
• abasebenzi elebhu, ukuhlola ukwaziswa kwabantu;
• izigulane banyangwa ngokusebenzisa inaliti lemfuyo;
• abantu abaphethwe uhlobo kohlobo C;
• Abantwana abazelwe abafazi abathwali arhente causative sohlobo B;
• abantu owathi irhengqa-cell anemia ;
• abo adibane nabanye abantu bafumanisa hepatitis B naluphi na uhlobo;
• Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu izivumelwano hepatitis B ukusuka ukuziphatha ngokwesondo free;
• Abantu oceba ukuya kummandla ikho kohlobo B;
• abantu abaphethwe zizifo sesibindi lokuhamba;
• izigulane ezifuna gazi, izinto abaxhasi enziwe ngegazi.

Ugonyo nxamnye hepatitis "Engerix" inokwenziwa nanini na ubudala. Yenziwe ukuba abo zigonywe ngaphambili, nabo abo kwiqela lomngcipheko.

Izimo

Isitofu sokugonya alikho lilawulwa hypersensitivity leyo ibonakele emva kokuba isitofu iziyobisi yangaphambili. Ubukho kwizigulo ezimandundu kunye etsolo zisenzeka, iinkqubo ezinzulu ezosulelayo apho kukho nangecesina, - contra-ezibonisa ukuba ugonyo.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ubungqina umonakalo ichiza ndingekazalwa, ndingekho ngexesha abafazi ukuba nomntwana kunqabile agonye. ukuphunyezwa kwayo kudla kwenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa apho kukho izikhokelo ezivela ethile.

Ukusetyenziswa sokugonya, umthamo

Ulawulo Intramuscular kwenziwa kwinxenye ethangeni anterolateral (abantwana abancinane, iintsana) kwi esihlunwini deltoid. Mhlawumbi ulawulo ongama, kodwa kuliwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kuphela xa isigulane wambetha inkqubo coagulation igazi. Yokumilisela 'Engerix "zange kwenziwe yegazi. Ngenxa linokuba phantsi omzimba azizibandakanyi intradermal, ongama kunye inaliti intramuscular kungena ezinqeni.

Umthamo we lokugonya ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba isitofu izanyazanyiswa kakuhle de oluludaka ezimhlophe ngokulinganayo ezisasaziweyo. Amalungiselelo kufuneka kungabikho amasuntswana amazwe. Kwezo meko apho uhlobo lokugonya ayihambelani kule nkcazelo, le ndlela ayisetyenziselwa kogonyo.

Ukuba 'Engerix "(sokugonya) lisetyenziswa igutyana, kwi kuthinjwe ithamo ngamnye kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe inaliti abulawe nesirinji. Waqala ibhotile zingasetyenziswa ukuya kutsho ekupheleni kosuku. Le nkqubo ifuna ukuhambelana nemigangatho ebekwe yimithetho antisepsis, asepsis.

balawule

Ugonyo ugonyo scheme imiselwa, nto leyo yamkelwe kweli lizwe. Umthamo kuthetha wenza ngokobudala:

• ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka 19 - 0.5 ml;
• kwiminyaka 19 - 1 ml;
• ngayo unyango kwizigulane abakulo iyunithi wehemodialysis, - 2 ml.

imigomo ebuntwaneni zokunqanda

Child zigonywe ukwenza emva kokuzalwa, ngenyanga enye ezintandathu. Xa ukuphumeza inkqubo enjalo sele ngenyanga yesixhenxe ubomi omzimba bomntwana ukuba pathogen sohlobo B. Ukuba kukho imfuneko ukukhawulezisa le nkqubo, inaliti olandelayo lwenziwa emva kokuzalwa ngenyanga yokuqala yobomi, uze - elinesibini. Kwi ngenyanga yeshumi ukuphunyezwa revaccination iyafuneka.

Ukuba umntu omdala ebuntwaneni alikawufumani sokugonya emva kwedosi yokuqala kwimeko yesibini ngomhla wesixhenxe, eyesithathu - ngosuku lwamashumi amabini ananye. kunyaka omnye emva kokuba ukusetyenziswa yokuqala ichiza ilawulwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo sokugonya.

Xa iinkqubo ihaemodialysis kohlobo B lokugonya 'Engerix "iveliswa phantsi le nkqubo: Usuku zero - banesifo - gqira. isicelo Ngokuphindaphindiweyo ichiza zingaphelanga iinyanga ezintandathu emva kulawulo yokuqala. Izigulane eyenza eli qela, ukwenza inaliti kunye idosi kabini (2 mg). Emva ulawulo ichiza Kucetyiswa ukuba enze uvavanyo-serological (umyinge eqhelekileyo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-10 IU / l).

Iintsana abaneengxaki kakhulu izintso ezilawulwa 0.5 ml kwemveliso, nawuphi na ofanelekileyo ukunamathela kwiisekethe logonyo. Ithamo elinye ichiza ukuze kuzalwa abenza olugqitha esikhumbeni.

Ukuba umntu kuye kwachatshazelwa yimiba ngenxa leyo kwenzeke usulelo, sebenzisa i ishedyuli okukhawulezileyo ugonyo. Kwedosi yokuqala kudityaniswe ngamayeza, leyo iquka immunoglobulin. arhente ezifana kuba nefuthe elibi Inaliti iziyobisi hepatitis B. "Engerix" umyalelo manual lithethelela ukuba wenze ngaphandle izitofu immunoglobulin (kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo).

Ukuba ufuna agonye usana lwabo lweenkobe - lophethe ka pathogen okanye isifo ububi hepatitis B, ukususela kwinyanga yesithandathu yokukhulelwa, emva kokuzalwa lokugonya elawulwa kuye kwisiqingatha sokuqala lemini. ugonyo Eminye oluqhutywa ngendlela ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwiimeko ezinjalo kucetyiswa ukuba isicelo lokugonya kwiimolekyuli immunoglobulin.

Emva kokuphumelela indoda yonke inkqubo gonyo nxamnye hepatitis B revaccination ayikho imfuneko. Emva dialysis kunye nempendulo ihlwempu omzimba nga maliqhutywe ngethamo lokomeleza. Imfuneko ukuphunyezwa echazwe test serological.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga "Engerix"

Cinga indlela elibi umzimba, uphuhliso esinokubangela lokugonya 'Engerix ". Imiyalelo ichaza iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinjalo, apho musculoskeletal esiswini iinkqubo abachaphazelekayo. Kusenokubakho izitenxo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo luvo peripheral, sentliziyo utshintsho, kunokwenzeka kwinkqubo luvo. Emva ngenaliti, oko kungabonwa abanye indlela yendawo nawo.

Umzimba womntu uyakwazi ukuphendula lokugonya ngokubonakala iimpawu influenza-like, umkhuhlane, ifiva, kunye nelahleko yamandla. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuphuhlisa thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, kubonakala bronchoconstriction. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusabela okubi lokugonya abanomoya.

Amatyala libanda ye lokugonya azikhange kutyhilwa. Indlela yokwenza kwiimeko ezinjalo kuphuhliso iimpawu ezingathandekiyo, ingakhankanywanga kwi imiyalelo.

Phambi ukusebenzisa, ngocoselelo sihlolisise isishwankathelo aze adibane nogqirha.

imithi

"Engerix" (isitofu) xa usebenzisa immunoglobulins xa ukuthintela hepatitis B, akuthethi ukunciphisa titer omzimba ukuba ulawulo kula machiza kwenziwa ngokwahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kungenjalo, akayi kuba isibonisi kuluhlu yesiqhelo.

Ungasebenzisa isitofu sokugonya leyo ithintela uphuhliso hepatitis B, kunye nezinye izixhobo ze olu hlobo, eziphawuleka kwikhalenda bogonyo nokugonywa njengenyathelo lokuthintela kwizibonakalisi bhubhane. Kubalulekile ukuba amachiza ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ziqhutywa iisirinji ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Yokumilisela 'Engerix "kungaba Inqanaba lokugqibela le neyona sohlobo B gonyo kwiimeko xa kwaqaliswa nokusetyenziswa kwezinye ugonyo ukuba neziphumo ezifanayo. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, "Engerix" ingasetyenziswa ngexesha revaccination.

abasabela Ezingalunganga kumzimba kunye isitofu sogonyo esiyindibaniselwano ngeziyobisi ezahlukeneyo ziye zaphawulwa.

oyi

ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Isondlo, amathuba lokonakalisa indlela umbungu ncinci ngenxa ekuqalisweni lokugonya. zophononongo, eziya kucacisa isiphumo "Engerix" emzimbeni, kuquka ngexesha ukhulelwe ukuba akwenziwanga. "Engerix B" (efana efanayo) ziluncedo ukuba isitofu abafazi owayekhulelwe, kuphela ubungqina efanelekileyo lusekiwe gqirha.

Iimpawu beziyobisi

Ithuba elisuke kohlobo B luphawulwa yokuba zeyure kakhulu, ngoko kukho amathuba usulelo abagxothwa lokuhamba ngexesha gonyo. Kwezi izigulane, ukuthintelwa hepatitis B akunakwenzeka.

Ngenxa lokugonya akakwazi ukuthintela ukwenzeka losulelo, naphuhliso olo olwaye igalelo kwabanye kwamagciwane. Umzekelo, ichiza nokungaphumeleli xa kuyimfuneko ukuthintela uphuhliso sohlobo A, C no E. Kwakhona akanaye yifuna phezu amagciwane zezinye izifo apho isibindi linayo.

"Engerix" (isitofu) emva kokukhutshelwa umzimba untshulisa omzimba, lubonakaliswa kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo, impendulo omzimba nkqubo emiselwe besini yomntu, ubudala bakhe, ubukho imikhwa emibi ezifana nokutshaya, iindlela apho sokugonya yaziswa. Amaxesha amaninzi, emva kweminyaka emashumi mane, impendulo amajoni omzimba ngaphantsi ucaca ngakumbi kubantu abatsha. izigulane ezinjalo bachitha ugonyo ezongezelelweyo kuyimfuneko.

Ukuba umntu ogulayo usulelo lwe-HIV, ezinye iingxaki omzimba yaye ngenxa dialysis usenokungakwazi ukufikelela titer eyaneleyo lomzimba. Ukuba ukudla akayi kuvumela ekungeneni ziphumo zinqwenelekayo, ngokutsho kwiziphumo zohlalutyo kungafuna izitofu ezongezelelweyo. Ngenxa ukukwazi ukuba reactions anaphylactic, eyahluke ugonyo iimpendulo 'Engerix' ingxelo imfuneko kufuneka izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukuba kupheliswe iziphumo zolu hlobo, ngexesha ulawulo ichiza. Uxabana angavela ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba imizuzu engamashumi amathathu ukuba bagcine imeko yomguli leyo yenziwa inaliti.

Xa kukho usuleleko olungephi enyameni ukugonywa kwenzeka xa ubushushu umzimba ubuyela eqhelekileyo. Indawo apho sihlelwe ukwazisa lokugonya, kufuneka siphathwe arhente ezilungiselelwe unyango anti-kukothuka.

Isitofu sokugonya ingasetyenziswa kwimeko iingxaki esibindini, yayo elawulwa ngenyameko kubantu abadala.

analogue iziyobisi

Ekuthinteleni hepatitis B kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe ukuba isitofu 'Engerix "okanye" Regevak ". Analogs of "Engerix 'Ezi zixhobo zilandelayo zithandwa:" Euvaks "," Biovak ". Mhlawumbi ugonyo "Eberbiovakom HB", "Shanvakom", "HB-Vaks." iziyobisi efanelekileyo ezikhethiweyo ugqirha.

Izimvo "Engerix" lithetha

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwenza olu gonyo routine nxamnye hepatitis B sogonyo badla "Engerix" siyasebenza. Abazali musani isaziso naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ethile, ziyahlutha ngokubanzi kunye isiphumo. Okwangoku, kukho ezininzi i ingxelo eyakhayo malunga ichiza.

"Euvaks" kwakhona isixhobo ezithandwa kakhulu, kodwa abazali ukuba ayikho yimpumelelo "Engerix". Ukuphonononga zibonisa ukuba luguqulelo wesibini lokugonya ngokufuthi kucetyiswa ngoogqirha.

Amalungiselelo ayibandakanyi iintsholongwane, akukho Cya abulawe, Uyaphila kangako. Isiseko lwamachiza - iantigens benziwa nagwele nenkcubeko ecocekileyo.

Ukwenza naziphi isitofu kungabangela ongaboniyo kancinane yexeshana yempilo, kodwa hepatitis B «Engerix" ngokuqhelekileyo ezikhuselweyo kakuhle. Xa imeko eqhelekileyo amajoni omzimba kusoloko omzimba ezinqwenelekayo ekhoyo.

Asingabo bonke ufuna agonywe, kodwa simele siqonde ukuba ngaphandle kwabo uzibeka esichengeni wokosulelwa zizifo ezininzi eziyingozi. Xa ugonyo iziyobisi "ingcali Engerix 'ithatha ingqalelo inani elikhulu yeemeko ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ephelisa umonakalo kunokwenzeka kwimpilo. Phantse kuyo yonke imiba, enkosi ukusetyenziswa kwangethuba lokugonya musa kuhlaselwa sesi sifo.

Hlala uphilile!