Dmitrov, Cathedral lwe kwingcinga: incazelo, idilesi

umhlaba Russian idume ezikhumbuzo yayo emininzi kwimbali, ukwakha kunye nenkcubeko. Ukuze simazi omnye wabo, ngoku siye kwidolophu endala Russian of Dmitrov. Kubhaliwe ibekwe kumantla eMoscow, kwi Dmitrovskoe kuhola wendlela.

Esi sixeko ibisekwe phezu kwindawo yokuhlala Slavic yoMntwana uYuri Dolgoruky ngo-1154. Kufunyenwe igama layo imbeko unyana wenkosi uya Vsevolod (Nest Big), nto leyo kwi ngobhaptizo igama nguDmitry.

Ukusuka kwimbali sixeko

Ngemihla yakudala ngaphandle Dmitrov waqalisa imigxobhozo ivaleke kunye emahlathini (XII c.) - ubeka ezimbalwa kuhlalwe kulo. Ngaloo mihla, isixeko Dmitrov waba sasiyinxalenye yomntla-ntshona seLizwe Vladimir-Suzdal. Wenza anendima (kwisicwangciso-qhinga), njengoko zagutyungelwa endleleni Suzdal ecaleni imilambo Dubna kunye Velay. Ukusuka Dmitrov, wamanzi nge Sister, Dubna, Yakhroma kwaye ifikeleleka ngendlea kwi-Upper iVolga.

Ukuvuma eMoscow

Kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane XIV, esi sixeko ehlonyelwe eMoscow, kwaye yaba umthetho abathetheli eMoscow. waba ngowokuqala Prince Peter - unyana omncinane nguDmitry Donskoy. Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIV, phakathi ingxabano phakathi Basil ROOTN kunye Dmitriem Shemyakoy kunye Prince of Moscow Vasily II Dark, isixeko ngokuphindaphindiweyo udlule isandla ngesandla. Last Prince of Dmitrov - uYuri, unyana embindini Ivan III. Ngowe-1556, Ivan Grozny wasebenza Dmitrov isixeko Staritsa, obulawulwa Prince Vladimir of Staritsa. Emva kokubulawa kwakhe (1569) bafudukela Moscow, Dmitrov wokugqibela.

Le idolophu encinane iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo sele phantsi ngesinyanzeliso ezigqugqisileyo AmaTatar, yaye ngo-1372 waba limisiwe Prince Mihail Abakwenzayo. Dmitrov bade bafika ngenkulungwane XVI, ebudeni bolawulo Prince kaYuri Ivanovich.

Ingqikelelo Cathedral (Dmitrov)

Centre of the Dmitrov yesicelo buyifanele indlu magingxigingxi yaye ezintle. Ekuqaleni onke esiza Dmitrov. Cathedral ye Ingqikelelo langoku namhlanje, yakhiwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVI, xa urhulumente Prince uYuri Ivanovich - umzalwana Vasily III. Noko ke, ababhali-mbali kuya kuba bayavumelana ukuba kwiinkulungwane XIV-XV, xa Prince Peter Dmitrievich, kwakusele kukho ibandla ngamatye. Ubungqina oku kwindawo yokuqala izisele ilitye elimhlophe, apho kwafunyanwa phantsi ongaphantsi kwe yecawa limi namhlanje.

ukwakheka

Ngokusekelwe ukwakheka ezimbaxa kunye nobunzima - isitena-angqukuva ezintlanu-intsika emine itempile phezu kwendlu phezulu. iimpawu Cathedral ukuba ngaphandle ohlalele apsides imilo. Ukuya ekunene portal langasezantsi, uyakwazi ukubona uBharnabhas ngeenxa magumbi. Ubukhulu bayo - phantse emithathu eemitha. Lo mzobo Georgiy Pobedonosets.

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba Cathedral le ngqikelelo kusikhumbuza kakhulu-zingelosi kunye kwingcinga Cathedral e Moscow, ezazakhiwe ngexesha elifanayo.

Ingqikelelo Cathedral ukuba ezihonjiswe imikrolo le iithayile. Kwi lwefacade nezi ndawo Southern ibekwe umfanekiso Cross oyiNgcwele. Ngelo Portal ngasezantsi kukho isiqabu Georgiya Pobedonostsa.

Namhlanje akunakwenzeka ukubona imbonakalo lokuqala yecawa, akuba wafika Dmitrov. Cathedral kwe Ingqikelelo kwimbali yayo emide ngokutsha amaxesha amaninzi. Le misebenzi lwenziwa kwi XVII-XIX iinkulungwane, nangona ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba awuyitshintshanga le imbonakalo wokuqala yecawa.

Izindlwana ababini isongeza kwinkulungwane XIX - ngasentla (1823) yi-wezakhiwo F. M. Shestakovym, kwaye ngasezantsi (1841). Le projekthi yaphuhliswa yi D. F. Borisov. Ngowe-1796 itempile eqhotyoshelwe ukuba intsimbi inqaba ezintathu-tiered, ziqhutywa indlela yamandulo. Umbhali kweprojekthi -. M. Ya Agafonov.

Ngowe-2001, esangweni akumazantsi Dmitrov yesicelo ilitye lesikhumbuzo Yuriyu Dolgorukomu nomkroli VM Tserkovnikov. Ngo-2004, le tempile yaba lesikhumbuzo uCyril NoMethodius. Luqulunqwe yi nomkroli AI Rukavishnikov ngumzobi R. V. Narskogo.

Dmitrov: Ingqikelelo Cathedral emva 1917

Emva kokuba October Revolution, itempile isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona phantse elishumi elinesixhenxe iminyaka. Noko ke, ngo-1932, oko kwaba isiphelo zonke izakhiwo zonqulo Russian - ivaliwe. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba akazange ukugcina ingqolowa okanye iqela lasekuhlaleni. Apha, Museum lilapha. Le nyaniso akakayeki ukuba off yee-banesifo zakhe zihlangane. Ngo-Agasti 1941, bayidiliza kwentungo yenqaba leyo inde yentsimbi.

Ukubuyiselwa itempile yaqala ngo-1961 kwaye lathatha iminyaka emine. Umsebenzi olwenziwe MOSNRPM, abanyuse E. R. Kunitskaya. Nenqaba intsimbi yaphila, kodwa kwagqitywa ukususa igubu emboxo.

nokubuyiselwa

Ngonyaka ka-2001 yaqala umhla wokugqibela ukubuyiselwa, eyagqitywa ngo-2003. Ezi imisebenzi ekhokelwa V. Nesterenko, ekuqhubeni kucwangciswe liSebe wezakhiwo I. Yu. Korovina kunye A. V. Yaganova.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, unqulo etempileni baqala ukubathwala ngaphandle kwelinye Izindlwana ngakumbi ngo-1991. Ngo-2002 myuziyam yadluliselwa izakhiwo ezitsha, ibandla zizaku nikezelwa kudweliso kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Kwanikezelwa phakathi ku-2003.

Namhlanje, inxalenye encinane kumaziko yetempile isetyenziswa njenge yimyuziyam. Kukho isikolo seCawe uye kwithala yayo.

Le umhombiso elingaphakathi

Wonke umntu batyelela Cathedral le kwinkolelo, bakholelwa ukuba mhle. Kukho yayisendaweni eqingqiweyo iconostasis-tiered ezintlanu (XVII kulo.), Eye icons ezizodwa XV-XIX iinkulungwane. Enye imihombiso ephambili yecawa kucingwa ukuba oqingqiweyo kwindawo kabhishophu, nto leyo ihanjiswa ukusuka endlwini kabhishophu Krutitsa ngo-1792. Ukusuka ngaphakathi izingxobo ukupeyinta yayo zokuhombisa. Oku kubhekisela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII. Eyona sekratshi yecawa - ngomfanekiso imisebenzi zobungangamela i icon opeyintayo mkhulu lonke ixesha - Andrei Rublev. Etempileni kukho niche-arkosoli apho bangcwatyelwa abameli amanene ka Vladimir yoluntu kunye neenkokeli zecawa.

Enye oyidingayo isonto na icon, oluveza Dmitriy Solunsky. Ngaphambi kokuba le yona igcinwe kwicawa encinane ilali. Oku kwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka 1646 no 1713. Umhla ngqo lingakulungele. Libhalwe kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XII, wavele V. I. Antonovym, waza waziswa njengesipho Vsevolod Big Nest kwi Dmitrov ngo-1181. Namhlanje lo icon igqithiselwe KUNYEnokutyhilwa Tretyakov Gallery. Cross (kwekhulu XIV), igcinwe ibandla de 1933, kakhulu, wathunyelwa "Tretyakov"

Kuvusa umdla omkhulu leengcali kunye nabakhenkethi esekelwe eziqhelekileyo (XIII c.). Namhlanje ungabona iingceba sisincoko enkulu "Umgwebo Wokugqibela". Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba iyithobele opeyintayo yayo, wamema Vsevolod evela kude Greece.

unxibelelwano Icon. matron

Namhlanje, wonke umntu kwixesha elula okanye ngeeholide zonqulo tyelela Dmitrov (kwingcinga Cathedral). Izinto ezingcwele Matrona kunye icon kunye nomfanekiso wakhe ukusuka-8 ukuya kwi-21 Oktobha 2015 baba Kwingcingane Cathedral. Ezi ezingcwele anikezelwe kunqulo Kolomna kunye Metropolitan Krutitsa - Juvenal. Esi siganeko izimuncumuncu ngokwenene amarhamente. Kubanjwe inkonzo engcwele, wonke umntu uyakwazi ukubona icon ye ungowokubongwa Matrona.

Xa ndiqukumbela, Makungabikho nabani na ofuna ukuba ukutyelela Cathedral le Dormition e Dmitrov, idilesi lwetempile: kummandla Moscow, Dmitrov, indawo Historical, 11.