Cologne: History and Namhlanje

Cologne bali kunokuba nzima - oko basungula Italian Giovanni Maria Farina, yena yaveliswa kwisixeko German Cologne, njengoko ibizwa ngokuba isiFrentshi. Kodwa incazelo kuba. Kubonakala ukuba Giovanni Maria Farina ebutsheni bakhe baya kumazwe angaphandle kufuna ulonwabo ukuthanda isiphelo yaba e Cologne, apho waba umthengisi evenkileni. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iimpahla evenkileni baba ezindilisekileyo kunye nemimoya, nto leyo eyabangela Farina ukudala sisincoko "amanzi yobulawu" entsha, koko wathi: "amanzi Cologne, 'imbeko komzi, nokuba ngo 1709.

Okokuqala, malunga imveliso entsha ezaziwa abahlali Cologne, kodwa 1756 minyaka isixhenxe War kunye namajoni French wacanda edolophini, bathenga amanzi wobungakanani enkulu eYurophu. Kuba indoda ngokwemiqathango zomkhosi, kodwa omthandayo ucoceko, kanina waba luncedo kakhulu. Ngamajoni French yale fyabo baye bafunda kunye nabanye abathathi emfazweni - i lwamaNgesi, balwa, amaphela, Russian ... Ngoko, Bulelani isiFrentshi, "Cologne amanzi" wathengisa eYurophu yaye ke wonke. Cologne awasiwisayo French "kuyo". In Russian, igama elithi "ithanga" laqala njengebhinqa.

Cologne yokuqala, owayebonakele kwinkulungwane XVIII, waba kunokuba njengendlela yezempilo, nkqu iziyobisi, hayi ubuhle. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi amayeza buzane iswekile kanina iintsholongwane kwisisu ngomlomo, oko idityaniswa namanzi ukugeza yewayini. Nkqu imiyalelo zinikwa ibhotile Cologne, nekucetyiswa ukuba abantu abatsha ukuba ukunyibilika ngamanzi okanye iwayini, amashumi amabini okanye amathontsi amathathu Cologne, kunye nabantu abadala - to ngamathontsi amathandathu uthabathe yintloko kunye iyangongoza.

A Cologne zodidi, esele admixed kunye namanqaku seentyatyambo salo, kodwa kuphela kwisiqingatha sesibini kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini. "Cologne Water" eyenziwe iziqholo revolution lokwenene. kuphakanyiswe Jean-Marie Farina yokuwenza ezenziwe yomdiliya utywala kongezwe bergamot, komapile lo, irozmeri, Eyijenti yeMpilo cardamom kunye-orenji, wahlala ixesha elide imfihlelo, wamnikela phantsi. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha nezinye iifektri kumisa ukuveliswa Cologne ngokusekelwe kweediliya utywala kunye oyile ezibalulekileyo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, eYiputa kuFaro yamandulo obhinqileyo Hatshepsut wasebenzisa engamanzi, ababebandakanya bergamot, intlaka yokuqhumisa, kunye notywala.

ERashiya, ngobuninzi Cologne yaqala ngexesha leSoviet. Nangona ikakhulukazi thalele ukugcinwa ubugcisa bemveliso Cologne, kodwa amadoda Soviet ngokuzithandela isetyenziswa yemiyinge zasekhaya Cologne. iintlobo ezifana edume njengoko chypre Cologne, kathathu okanye Cologne dix, iziqholo ekhaya ekhoyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Cologne kathathu, nto leyo eyaqala kunye nemveliso iziqholo Russian wema ngelo xesha zonke ivenkile iinwele phezu kwetafile kwebhedi kunye emithi kwintsapho nganye. Ivumba saba ixeshana ngqwabalala, abanye abantu benza unothanda. Cologne amanzi aba perfume Bulelani de Cologne ukuya uNapoleon, owathi ngo-1810 yayalela loo majoni ukuba ukuphuhlisa ntsholongwane kunye nokhuseleko kathathu. Obekumele ukuba sineempembelelo zonyango kunye nococeko, kwakunye zimnandi elungileyo. Kwaye esi sixhobo kokusungulwa - nto yaba Cologne kathathu ukuba kweminyaka engamakhulu kwi umboniso eParis, ufumana Prix Grand.

Enye Cologne ethandwayo eziveliswa ngabaqholikazi ekhaya, ngokuba pronunciation ezingoonombini kwefom French yegama kwisiqithi saseSipro. Ngokutsho legend, bemeko- "Shipra" watyelela kweso siqithi yaye nixhamle amavumba zezityalo ezivela kwamanye ezikhulayo apho, ingakumbi sandalwood. Kwagqitywa ukuba immortalize ezi ntlobo na kwi Cologne, nto leyo yaba yinxalenye yeqela Cologne "Extra" - oku ngenxa GOST 1971.