Isicima-mlilo: isimo ukuhlola

UMlilo - yinto eyoyikekayo, iziphumo zazo yokwaphuka izakhiwo shiyana, ekutshatyalalisweni kwezakhiwo, umonakalo impilo kunye nobomi babantu. Zonke izibonelelo zokhuseleko zifakwa zokucima umlilo. Kodwa kubutyala Okwangoku sokucima umlilo akazange alidanisi, kufuneka uhlole rhoqo isixhobo nokuvavanya imeko yayo.

iintlobo izixhobo

zokucima umlilo zahlulwe iintlobo zaivisimosti kwi indawo kunye neklasi lomlilo.

1. Powder. isixhobo Universal ofanelekileyo imililo ekulweni udidi A, B, C, kunye E. Le fowuni ilungiselelwe zokucima imililo kunye ezincinane imililo eziqinileyo organic ukunyibilikisa izinto kunye nofakelo lombane kwi ombane ka 1000 V.
2. Air-amagwebu. Ezingafanelanga zokucima umlilo imiphezulu eqinileyo, ulwelo ezinokutsha, amafutha kunye oyile. Isetyenziswa ukucima umlilo izinto ntambo elide. Musa ukusebenzisa olu hlobo isixhobo ngenxa yokuphelisa izakhiwo umlilo kunye nezakhiwo zezixhobo-aluminiyam, ezo isodiyam langoku, nemagnesium, potassium kunye nezinye zesinyithi obrak emhlabeni, kuba izixhobo ingcinezelo zibandakanyiwe network ngamandla.
3. iintlobo lulwelo okanye amanzi zokucima umlilo. Kusebenza ngenxa zokucima umlilo, Class A (eziqinileyo xa ilunyekwa) kunye Class B (xa kutshiswa izinto ezingamanzi). Ithatyathwa kakhulu ekhuselekileyo impilo yabantu.
4. emulsion Air. Ifanelekile zokucima Class A, B no-E Asiqhelanga eyendawo ngayo izinto kule ignitions zikarhulumente sukube, umhlaba zesinyithi obrak nomqhaphu.
5. Gas kunye carbon dioxide. Ukusebenzisa ognetuschiteley olu hlobo alufanelekanga kwasendaweni emililo yaye imililo kwi izinto ezenziwe ngezinto magnesium, sodium aluminium. Singavulwanga isixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokucima imibhobho kunye nezixhobo ukusebenza kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.

Imithetho nokuhlolwa zokucima umlilo

Evaluation waveza zonke izixhobo ibekwe entlanganweni. uhlolo rhoqo kunye kugesi of zokucima umlilo eyenziweyo emva kokuba ukuqaliswa izixhobo ukusebenza. Evaluation waveza zonke izixhobo ibekwe entlanganweni. P Ihlola zokucima umlilo ngumntu oqeqeshelwe ngubani onolwazi amaxwebhu normative nezobugcisa nazo zonke iimfuno eziyimfuneko ukuze zifikelelwe isicima-mlilo ngamnye. Jonga rhoqo wenziwe injineli ukhuseleko emlilweni.

Inkqubo yokungqinisisa iqulathe izigaba ezininzi:

• uvavanyo ukubonakala isixhobo;
• uvavanyo isixhobo nokubekwa kunye nokuqinisekiswa ukuthotyelwa amaxwebhu;
• ulawulo uxinzelelo eboniswe kwi igeyiji yoxinzelelo.

iziphumo zovavanyo abhalwe kule ncwadi. Idatha kwi isixhobo uvavanyo kufuneka sibhalwe ukuhlolwa ekhethekileyo lowu zokucima umlilo. Kwi enye uxwebhu, ingcaphephe owayenze isixhobo sovavanyo kubeka idatha kwisixhobo kubulawa uyazihlaziya. Ukongeza, isenzo yenziwe zokucima umlilo iitshekhi. Iqulethe ulwazi malunga nokufumaneka nezixhobo zokucima imililo kunye data ngemeko yabo. Ukongeza, inkqubo yovavanyo karhulumente kufuneka kuphekwe kwenye uhlolo elabelwe ngokungqongqo isicima ixesha.

Ubuninzi yokuhlolwa

Ukukhangela isixhobo sokucima yaqhutyelwa a mathuba echazwe ngokungqongqo. Kukho iindidi ezintathu yokuhlolwa:

• ugcwalise;
• ngonyaka;
• ngekota.

Ukuze uvavanyo ngalunye, kukho zizalathisi ethile leyo kuxhomekeke iingcali. Ngokuqhelekileyo netsheki ngokucokisekileyo ezenziwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa yonyaka.

hlola Quarterly

Kokuba wenziwe ukhuseleko emlilweni specialist qho kwiinyanga ezintathu. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa kuqikelelwa indawo apho ibekwe ngamnye mlilo. Ukuhlolwa lwenziwa ngenjongo izixhobo zohlolo olubonakalayo.

Izikhombisi eziphambili zezi imeko novavanyo lombhobho ukutyabeka, ubukho kunye nemfezeko imiyalelo yokusebenzisa isixhobo, umonakalo igeyiji yoxinzelelo, phezulu isimo iindawo ezibonelela imixholo kwisikhongozeli wokutshiza umlilo zokucima ubunzima arhente kunye noxinzelelo yolawulo akwitankana lokugcina.

uhlolo lonyaka

Kuliwa kanye ngonyaka. A indlela yokuhlola kuxhomekeke kuhlobo sokucima umlilo limelwe elingumvi. Ukukhangela zokucima powder bamthwala indlela isampulu. Yena kukuvavanya inani elithile izixhobo ezifakwe entsimini. Inani iyahlolwa izixhobo kufuneka bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-3% yabo bebonke. Ingcali ubhenca sokucima ngalinye elikhethiweyo. Testing eyenziwa ukuhlola imeko into esebenzayo eyenzelwe ukuqulatha izinto ignitions. Ukukhangela zokucima umlilo carbon dioxide lwenziwa ukuvavanya imeko iindawo yangaphandle lesixhobo ingqibelelo, itshixa senyanga, seals zokhuseleko, iilebhile uyazihlaziya isixhobo kunye nemiyalelo yokusebenzisa. Ukuba ufumene-non ukuthotyelwa isixhobo ubuncinane enye ingaba lokutshintshwa kwazo zonke izixhobo kuthunyelwa uyitshaje.

full Scan

Oku kwenziwe ubuncinane kanye qho emva kweminyaka emi-5. Zonke izixhobo azichatshazelwa imixholo lwangaphakathi ngocoselelo zicocwe ngaphakathi kwaye zonekwe. Emva koko ihlolwe ukuba impermeability kunye namandla. Imida ebalulekileyo imeko isebenziseke sefowuni zezi:

• imiphezulu mlilo karhulumente;
• ukungabikho nokumelana;
• ekwakheni ubuhlobo kunye ispytelnye timing;
• imeko yangoku uphawu nokuyicoca izixhobo, itshixa izakhi lwezivalo.

Iimfuneko ukubekwa zokucima umlilo

Kukho iimfuno ezithile kuloo ndawo apho isicima mlilo. Ukukhangela ezifuna isixhobo lwenziwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa nganye iingcali ukhuseleko emlilweni.

Icebo mlilo-mlilo kufuneka zibekwe kangangokuba akukho elangeni ngqo, akukho ubethwa intlokoma, lukhuselwe ukusuka kokusingqongileyo ngqwabalala nokufuma eliphezulu. Indawo ye sixhobo kufuneka lufikeleleke lula kwaye boba sentsimini lwembono, ukuze xa umlilo ngephanyazo wafumana sokucima umlilo uthabathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukucima.

Kunconywa isixhobo indawo ezifuna - iindinyana ezithengisa. zokucima umlilo kufuneka aziphazamisi ukufudusa simahla abantu kwimeko ngomlilo. Devices zingafakwa kwi kwizibiyeli okanye nekhabhathi umlilo, amakhaka ezizodwa okanye nqwelo.

Kuba ngokubeka zokucima umlilo izitora site kunye nezakhiwo mveliso kufuneka ixhotyiswe nge ezikhethekileyo iibhodi ngomlilo.

Kwimimandla iintlobo zizityebi izixhobo leyo ecace izixhobo zokucima umlilo kufuneka lathisi kwindawo yamacebo ngokungqinelana ne GOST.

Ukutshaja umlilo lokuqala izixhobo zokucima

Uyitshaje zokucima umlilo eyenziweyo ukuze ugcine isixhobo ikwimeko entle kunye nokufaneleka bobugcisa ukuze kota kucacise umenzi. Ngexesha yokuqinisekisa eyenziwa imixholo cylinder Uhlalutyo sokucima, kwimeko lovavanyo kwezixhobo powder kulinganiswa iqondo flowability kunye nesiqulatho nokufuma lwangaphakathi. Ekuchongeni unit imixholo ukungangqinelani phantsi replacement. Ukuba isixhobo rhoqo, kwaye ngexesha nokuhlolwa kutyhilwa elingenasiphako, uyazihlaziya le sokucima wenziwa ngokusekelwe ixesha nokusebenza. Ukulayisha ibe luthuthu carbon dioxide umlilo izixhobo zokucima kwenziwa kanye kwiminyaka emihlanu. Ukuvelisa inkqubo recharge ezitshizi zamanzi kunye amagwebu, kwakunye zokucima umlilo kunye ongeziweyo ngamanzi kufuneka rhoqo - 1 kanye ngonyaka.

Ngaphezu koko, uyazihlaziya isixhobo efunekayo xa zokucima:

• ukusetyenziswa buso okanye epheleleyo into equlethwe kwisingxobo, lo gama zokucima umlilo;
• ukuvuza imixholo badlule kumlinganiselo kuvumelekile.

Ukutshaja zokucima amagwebu lwenziwa kanye ngonyaka. Uyitshaje uze uhlole umlilo lokuqala izixhobo zokucima kwindawo evulekileyo, oko kufuneka kwenziwe kabini nje rhoqo.

isiphelo

Ubukho zokucima umlilo ezingundoqo kuthetha kuyimfuneko ukuba indawo nganye. Akubalulekanga nje ilungelo lokuba babeke izixhobo kuloo ndawo, kodwa esweni ngenyameko imeko sixhobo. Uphicotho Ngexesha - ingxenye enkulu ekulweni ukuvela ithuba komlilo. kwezixhobo zokulwa umlilo Efanelekileyo ukunceda ukumelana nomlilo kwaye uphephe iingxwelerha oluntu kunye neelahleko eziphathekayo.