Anatomy: ihumerus. Ubume ihumerus

Ukuze enze imisebenzi yenkxaso, intshukumo kunye nokhuseleko emzimbeni wethu yinkqubo equka amathambo, izihlunu, imisipha kunye nemisipha. Zonke iinxalenye zayo akhule ngokubambisana. yesakhiwo iipropati bafunda anatomy yezenzululwazi. Le ihumerus yinxalenye nemilenze okhululekileyo kunye namathambo zengalo kunye nemilenze nombhinqo - clavicle kunye scapula - ubonelela iintshukumo ephucukileyo ngomatshini esandleni yabantu. Kweli phepha, umzekelo ihumerus, sifundisisa ngokweenkcukacha imigaqo yokusebenza kwenkqubo musculoskeletal kwaye sifumanise ukuba zinxulumene njani na isakhiwo imisebenzi eyenziwa.

Iimpawu amathambo tubular

imilo unxantathu okanye zezindlu nto luphawu ukuba amacandelo amathambo - amathambo elide ukuba kufuneka izinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana epiphysis (intsente bone) kunye umzimba wakhe (diaphysis). ngeengcamba ezintathu - le periosteum, ithambo ngokwayo kunye endoost - ziyinxalenye diaphysis le ihumerus. free eliphezulu omzimba anatomy ngoku bafunda kakuhle. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba epiphyses eziquka ithambo cancellous, ngoxa isebe engundoqo emelwe lamellae. Bakha izinto compact. Olu hlobo kudala amathambo tubular: emagxeni, ngengqiniba, hip. Anatomy of the ihumerus, okuyinto Ilungiselelwe ngezantsi ifoto ibonisa ukuba imilo okusemandleni alo iinkalo nekwalungele ukuyilwa iikhompawundi ze ibhanti eshukumayo kunye namathambo kweqondo aphezulu kunye yengalo.

Njani amathambo elide

Ngexesha uphuhliso osandul le ihumerus kunye wonke umzimba luqokelelane ukusuka intsholongwane umaleko eliphakathi - mesoderm. Ekuqaleni kwiveki yesihlanu yokukhulelwa, mbungu ziqwempu mesenchymal ebizwa bookmarks. Zikhula ubude uthabathe ngendlela amathambo tubular ye emagxeni, oluqhubeka kwamathambo emva kokuzalwa. On top of the ihumerus ligutyungelwe periosteum. Le iqokobhe obhityileyo eyenziwa kwizicwili nokuba uthungelwano branched kwemithambo kunye kwalapho ezenza ithambo kanye nokubonelela igunya layo kunye innervation. Oku ibekwe ecaleni lonke ubude amathambo tubular yaye yakha umaleko yokuqala diaphysis. Nokwakheka lusekiwe inzululwazi, ihumerus, Bathiwe wambu periosteum iqulethe ilastiki ifayibha protein - collagen, kwakunye iiseli ezikhethekileyo ebizwa osteoblasts kunye osteoclasts. Zingamaqela ngeenxa umsele esembindini Haversian. Nge ubudala, ukuba izaliswe wamathambo ebengezelayo.

Self-impiliso, ukulungiswa kunye nokukhula Ebubanzini amathambo tubular kuphahla yabantu yenziwa ngokusebenzisa periosteum. komzimba athile ihumerus kwi embindini diaphysis. Kuye umgangatho benqumla apho i deltoid umphezulu apha. Kunye umbhinqo imilenze aphezulu negxalaba kunye ngesa- amathambo inika okukunyusa no kwaziswa kwe engqinibeni ulayite phezulu kwaye umva phambi kwakhe.

Meaning epiphysis amathambo elide

Isiphelo amathambo tubular ye emagxeni ebizwa ngokuba epiphysis ziqulethe lomongo wethambo ebomvu kwaye ziqulathe kweziyobisi nomsi-. zaso ukhuphe iiseli igazi - iiseli ezibomvu neeplatelets. Epiphyses zizele periosteum, kufuneka sinamathambo neentambo ebizwa trabeculae. Bona amalungiselelo kwi-engile omnye komnye kwaye zimisela umbilini ongaphakathi ngokohlobo nemingxuma Systems yawuzalisa inyama hematopoietic. Indlela ukuchaza anatomy, isakhiwo ihumerus wethambo kwamalunga kwayo kunye nefolokhwe namathambo zengalo kunokuba ezintsonkothileyo. Le articular ebusweni ihumerus iziphelo proximal kunye distal. intloko Ithambo liye umgangatho khaxa isale hyaline intlala sangena em- ikhaba. Special intlala Ukwakheka scapular ekudakumbeni - iindevu articular - ukhonza absorber ngumothuko, aqale amagalelo kunye concussions ngexesha intshukumo egxalabeni. Le philisi kwegxalaba elinye icala eqhotyoshelweyo intsimbi, kunye nezinye - ukuya intloko ihumerus, wayetshona entanyeni yakhe. It omeleza i uxhulumaniso lwe umbhinqo egxalabeni kunye nemilenze simahla.

Iimpawu ze ihlombe kunye uyibhekise amalungu

Njengoko elisekwe komzimba womuntu, lo ihumerus yinxalenye kuphela kwegxalaba ungqukuva, kodwa enye - a uyibhekise ezintsonkothileyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwegxalaba mobile kakhulu emzimbeni womntu. Oku kuyaqondakala, kuba ngesandla sixhobo ephambili imisebenzi yabasebenzi, kunye ukuhamba yayo inxulunyaniswa lithathelwe ehamba tye ndinikhululele inxaxheba intshukumo.

Ilunga engqinibeni ubunjwe iikhompawundi ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene capsule eqhelekileyo articular. ihumerus Distal kanga nge ulna, kusenziwa ngokubambisana ginglymoid. Kwangaxeshanye condyle entloko ihumerus engena umngxuma lesiphelo proximal of radius, ukwakha brachioradialis uqhagamshelo eshukumayo.

isakhiwo nomlenze eyongezelelweyo

komzimba okuqhelekileyo ihumerus iquka apophyses ezinkulu nezincinane - amaqhuma, leyo iyemka ikhephu. Baya bakhonza njengoko kuthinjwe izihlunu emagxeni. Kukho kwakhona ukuba kukho umsantsa lokuba kwisihlalo imicu zomfana. Kwi emdeni kunye umzimba diaphysis ithambo, ngaphantsi apophysis, i intamo yotyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu babuthathaka umenzakalo ebuhlungu emagxeni - dislocations kunye waphuka. amathambo phakathi komzimba Isahlulo ezingalinganiyo ukuze leyo umsipha deltoid eqhotyoshelweyo, ngasemva kwakhe - umsele imilo Ukonakala, nto leyo egxile luvo iphiramidi. Ngomhla umda epiphyseal kunye diaphyseal isabelo ubuxoki, ebabela iiseli ezibangela ukukhula ihumerus ubude ngokukhawuleza.

Dysfunctions le ihumerus

Ukonzakala iqhelekileyo a ngokwaphulwa igxalaba ukuba wawisa okanye wothuka kakhulu ngomatshini. Isizathu siyifumana yokuba entlanganweni akanayo le nemisipha ekuzinziseni izihlunu kuphela ibhanti corset imilenze yasentla, Umatshini abangabancedani, ukuba uhlobo collagen fibrils msebe. izilonda zeethishu ezitofotofo baba kwegxalaba eziqhelekileyo, ezifana tendinitis kunye capsulitis. Kwimeko yokuqala uba imicu supraspinatus ezimashakeleyo, infraspinatus, izihlunu ngeenxa encinane. Enye sifo kwenzeka ngenxa ukudumba kwi emagxeni capsule ehlangeneyo.

Pathology Itonela sikhatshwe intlungu ingalo negxalaba, zinciphisa nokushukumisa kwegxalaba xa ephakamisa izandla ngasemva iziko zazo ezibizwa ngesandla. Zonke ezi mpawu kakhulu ukunciphisa yokusebenza kunye nomsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni.

Kweli phepha, safunda kwendlela ezakhiwe ngayo ihumerus waza wafumana uxhulumaniso yalo kunye nemisebenzi eyenziwa.