Ziziphi iidolophu ezingcolileyo kwihlabathi?

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uluntu luye lwachaphazela kakubi ukusingqongileyo. Iifayili eziqhubekayo zikhulula iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo emoyeni, zingcolise amanzi kunye nomhlaba. Imiphumo yazo yonke into idabukisayo: unyaka wonke ininzi enkulu yezilwanyana, iintaka neentlanzi ziyafa, kodwa nabantu, kukho utshintsho olwenyantisayo, izifo ezingenakuphilisa. Ngo-2007, ngokokuqala ngqa, isifundo sasiqhutyelwa ukuchonga izixeko ezingcolileyo kwihlabathi. Ukulinganiswa kwaqulunqwa ngesiseko sokufa, unyango lwezempilo, ukungcola kwamanzi kunye nomoya.

Isixeko esingcolileyo kunazo zonke kwihlabathi yiSumgait. Nangona i-Azerbaijan izama ukuba ngowesibili i-Dubai, ayinakukwazi ukujamelana nokusingqongileyo kokusingqongileyo. Kule dolophu, ii-oil refineries zisebenza ngemini nobusuku, ngenxa yoko abantu abangakwazi ukuphefumula, kwaye izinga lesifo somhlaza likhula imihla ngemihla. Ngaphezulu konyaka, ngaphezulu kweetoni ezilikhulu zomshukela othunyayo ziphuma emoyeni.

Kwindawo yesibini nguLinfen. Abantu baseChina abakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngokugqibeleleyo kunoma yimuphi umzi, kodwa oku kubonwa njengengozi kakhulu ebomini. Kukho izityalo ezininzi ezinokutshayela amalahle, ukutshaya imini nobusuku. Isixeko esingcolileyo kunazo zonke ehlabathini sisoloko siphosa i-lead, i-arsenic ne- sulfur dioxide e-atmosphem , echaphazela kakhulu impilo yabantwana.

Kwiintloni ezintathu ezihlazo zafika esinye isixeko saseTshayina - iTyanying. Yaye yonke iphoso - ukukhutshwa kwethotho. Ngenxa ye-smelter, nanko, izinga lokukhokela emoyeni lidlula iimimiselo ezivumelekileyo ngumbandela weshumi.

Iidolophu ezingcolileyo kakhulu kwihlabathi zijoliswe ikakhulu e-Asia nase-Afrika. Idolophu yaseNdiya yaseSukinda iphinde iqinisekise le ngxelo. Yonke iphoso - idiphozi ye-ore ye-chrome. Okwangoku, ukulungiswa kwakhona kwimiqulu kungekhona nje ukungcola indawo engqongileyo yesixeko, kodwa kudibanisa kumanzi okusela. Le meko, ngokuqinisekileyo, iyichaphazela kakubi impilo yabantu.

Idolophu yaseNdiya yaseVapi iye yaba yinto engcolileyo ngenxa yeefektri, inani lalo likhulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba angcoliswe i- mercury, ephindwe kathathu ngaphezu kwe-WHO imilinganiselo. Kunyaka ngamnye izinga lokufa kwabemi landa.

Kwinqanaba elithi "Iidolophu ezingcolileyo emhlabeni" zafumana idolophu yaseLa Oroya (ePeru). Isizathu sokungcola kwakuyi-extraction of ore. Ngenxa yoko, izityalo ziyafa ngenxa yemvula ye-asidi, kunye nabantu-ngenxa yekhontenti ephakamileyo yokukhokela egazini.

Kwizona ezilishumi eziyingozi kakhulu zixeko ezimbini zaseRashiya - iDzerzhinsk kunye neNorilsk, elandelwayo, ngokulandelanayo, kwindawo ye sixhenxe neyesibhozo. Yonke into ephosakeleyo yomsebenzi wezityalo zeekhemikhali nezityalo ze-metallurgical, ukuphonsa emoyeni izinto ezinobuthi. Ukufa kukhula, abantwana bazalwa ngezifo ezizalwe ngumzimba.

Kwiidolophu ezingcolileyo kwihlabathi kunye neCrookyylyl yaseUukraine. Isola kubo bonke bekuyi-explosion kwisikhululo samandla enyukliya, esichaphazela ubomi be-5 million zabantu. Abo babesemngciphekweni we-radiation bafa, abaninzi baba ngabasebenzi. Abantwana abazalwa emva kwengozi, ukukhuseleka kwe-immunity, ezinye izifo zentsholongwane.

Njengoko ubona, zonke izixeko zazingcola ngenxa yobomi obuncinane kunye nokungabandakanyeki kwimeko ejikelezayo kunye nabanye abantu. Ukuba urhulumente wale mazwe akasathathi nanyathelo lokucoca imeko yendalo, imeko yemo yendalo iya kuba yintlambo yentlekele.