Yintoni utyando endle yomkhosi?

Kukho Iimbali ezimfutshane ezininzi malunga nomsebenzi oogqirha. Xa abaninzi kubo lo msebenzi wagculelwa nje engenangqondo abaxheli-humorists. Noko ke, ebomini, ugqirha le nkangeleko ibe umsebenzi nzima kakhulu kwaye noxanduva ebandakanya umngcipheko ebomini, kungekuphela nje isigulane kodwa ugqirha ngokwakhe. Oku ngakumbi iingcali wenene utyando entsimini emkhosini. Makhe sibone: olunjani wobugcisa, eyahluke ngayo abanye yaye lisebenza amagqirha le nkangeleko.

Into ebizwa utyando endle zomkhosi

Eli binzana wabhekisela ingqeqesho unyango kunye isebe kotyando onceda ekunikeni ukhathalelo lwezempilo kwizigulane, amaxhoba imfazwe, ngokufuthi ngqo kwinkqubo yokulwa ngokwabo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa lentsimi yayo umdla kuquka kokudutyulwa kunye eziyingozi amanxeba, okuhlatywa, wabagawula ngaphantsi.

Ziziphi iimpawu zotyando zomkhosi

Unyango lamaxhoba walibeka kwixesha loxolo waza lemfazwe ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, ingakumbi xa kufikwa uqhaqho.

Kulo mba, kukho inani lweeyantlukwano.

• Kwimeko ekulweni oogqirha kufuneka uhlonele inani elikhulu lezigulane ngexesha elifutshane. Ngoko ke, oogqirha bokulwa kufuneka akwazi ukubeka kuqala iiwadi ebukhulwini abanawo.
• Jobs esibhedlele ezinokususwa zomkhosi kufuna unyamezelo zonyango emzimbeni. Ngapha koko, ukongeza ekwenzeni unyango, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ukuthutha wabangxwelerhiweyo ngaphandle koncedo zobugcisa. Ukongeza, ngexesha ngqo combat oogqirha badla kufuneka asebenze imini nobusuku.
• Umbutho yokhathalelo lwempilo emfazweni kuxhomekeke imeko ngaphambili (ekhubekisayo, uzolile, nibuye umva).
• ugqirha Military kwiimeko ezininzi iba ubuncinane izixhobo ezikhoyo ukuseta uxilongo oluchanekileyo isigulane. Ukongeza, sukube akukho xesha laneleyo ukwenza njalo (ngenxa yokuba iingcali ezinjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi zisebenza ukulwa). Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba bathembele ulwazi lwabo namava, yaye hayi kucazululo kunye ukufundwa.
• Xa isigqibo kuhlobo unyango, ugqirha lujolise yokusindisa ubomi kwi mzuzu. Ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha kuyanyanzeleka ukuba ngoyaba kwiziphumo ezibi unyango wayo ozakube usaqhutywa, sikhetha elingezantsi ububi ezimbini. cyanoacrylate Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kwi imfazwe eVietnam kwi utyando endle zomkhosi lisetyenziswa (ingcina). Nangona yetyhefu wayo, luyindlela kwi kuncanyatheliswe amanxeba, ngaloo ndlela ukugcina izigulane angafi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngegazi, eyenza kube lula kubahlangula ukusuka edabini ukuya ezibhedlele, abaza kuba uncedo bakufanelekele ngakumbi.
• Zonke izixhobo kunye nezixhobo oogqirha zomkhosi kufuneka ukuba mobile, yaye kulula kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba izithuthi, ngokunxulumene umsebenzi wabo (uthelekisa ne izixhobo esibhedlele) zigcinwe ubuncinane kuyimfuneko.

Apho ukufunda olu qeqesho

Njengoko nkcukacha zotyando zomkhosi ngexesha umlo eyahlukileyo kancinane ukuba oogxa bakhe kokuziqhelanisa ngexesha loxolo, kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini kukho izikolo ukuba kuqeqeshwe oogqirha efanelekileyo. EYurophu, ukuba zidluliselwa Military Medical Academy (VMA).

utyando Military nayo ifundiswa isiyalo abangabancedani kunye namaziko onyango lwe-profile jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iiyunivesiti e Ankara (Turkey), Belgrade (eSerbia), Kiev (Ukraine), St. Petersburg (Russia) kunye Sofia (Bulgaria) kwabo banqwenela ingqalelo kule lokufunda izifundo ezikhethiweyo.

Ukongeza kula maziko, iziseko zotyando zomkhosi okunokufundwa kwi Military Medical University, USA.

izigaba zophuhliso

Ekubeni ingqalelo intsingiselo yamagama "utyando intsimi emkhosini", kananjalo iimpawu umsebenzi specialists le yabucala, kuyimfuneko ukufunda imbali yayo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abelwe 4 zigaba yembali yophuhliso olu qeqesho zonyango.

1. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo kwinkulungwane XIX.
2. Military utyando endle kwinkulungwane XIX. (Related emnyango N. I. Pirogova).
3. Isiqingatha sokuqala XX. (Phambi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II).
4. Ukususela ngenkulungwane XX phakathi. kude kube namhlanje.

utyando ifildi Imbali kumaxesha amandulo

Nangona njenge utyando ingqeqesho zonyango abazimeleyo ngexesha umlo nje kwavela kwinkulungwane XIX., Ngumkhuba Same zenzeka kudala ngaphambi kwexesha lethu. Enyanisweni, imbali wamajoni ihlabathi iquka umlando ukunceda amaxhoba ayo.

Yokuqala kunye nelona xesha kutyando yasemkhosini lungohlulwa lube iinxalenye ezimbini: ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe lwezixhobo ezincinane emva.

Xa wokuqala emva edabini amajoni, njengoko umthetho, agwaze okanye amanxeba kunqunyulwa kunye waphuka. Ngoko ke, oogqirha bamandulo ezikhethekileyo ekunyangeni kuzo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iingxelo oku ezigcinwe kwi amaxwebhu impucuko kakhulu (eYiputa, eGrisi, eRome, China, India nkqu Russia). Ngokusekelwe kwezi kwaziwa ukuba mandulo oogqirha intsimi zomkhosi baqalisa umsebenzi wabo emva ekulweni. Ukongeza, xa izigulane babalekiswa ukuba kwintsimi izibhedlele, babaphatha kuloo ndawo. Hayi ke, ukuba phezulu yaba lokufa ngamajoni?

'Umnqwazi kwazo kunye imipu amanxeba iye ngokomgangatho utshintshe uhlobo eyayifuna uhlobo olwahlukileyo ukhathalelo. Kulo mba, abaphandi zonyango waqalisa ukufunda iimpawu umonakalo inyama ngenxa udubuleke okanye eziyingozi.

Kwinkulungwane, oogqirha wabaphatha eyahlukileyo. De kwinkulungwane XVI. kwakucingwa ukuba ngenxa kokudutyulwa kukwenzakala anetyhefu powder umzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa Ambroise inqumle, le ntsomi kwaze kwaphela, nogxa wakhe Henri Ledran waqalisa asike kunye Ukusikwa amanxeba ezihambelana namhlanje. Amava oogqirha French sele bafunda kakuhle kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, kuquka ubukhosi Russian.

Le yokugqibela eyaziwayo ugqirha zomkhosi A. Charukovsky ngokusekelwe ezifunyaniswe zomphunga Ledrana kunye imigqaliselo zakhe, wenziwe inkcazelo eneenkcukacha iimpawu amanxeba waza wanikela kakhulu phambili (njengoko ngelo xesha) kwi iingcebiso unyango lwabo.

utyando Field kwinkulungwane XIX.

Nangona ukuphuhliswa esebenzayo zotyando wamajoni, kude ngenkulungwane XIX. ayizange sazaliseka indlela yokubonelela kwayo yaye ozenzekelayo ezisikhumbuza kunciphisa ithuba oogqirha ukuba asindise abalimele.

Noko ke, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX. inani kongquzulwano ixesha elide lwezigalo landa kakhulu (xa kuthelekiswa eminyaka). Oku kufunwa abasebenzi bezempilo ukuphucula izakhono zabo.

Ukuqala kwisigaba entsha kwimbali kotyando wamajoni negalelo iimfazwe Napoleonic. Ngelo xesha yokuziphatha kwabo umkhosi mlawuli French akwazi ukungqina ugqirha 2 - Pierre-Fransua Persi kunye 'uyise ambulensi "Dominique Jean Larrey.

Baqalisa ukwenza ekunyangeni joni owenzakeleyo emva edabini, kodwa ngqo kuye. Ngoko ke, uPercy walungelelanisa amaqela ngokukhethekileyo oogqirha zomkhosi, kunye Larrey yaqalisa isithethe ngobungxamo wabangxwelerhiweyo ngexesha yokulwa kohola. Ukongeza, wadala inkqubo kwezibhedlele mobile zoqhaqho - "inqwelo yezigulana."

Ideas oogqirha French ngoko waqalisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe. KuBukhosi Russian ngokususela zabo Yakov Vasilevich Villie isimiso umsebenzi kwizibhedlele zomkhosi.

Igalelo Nikolaya Ivanovicha Pirogova

Kwixesha elizayo, uphuhliso eli sebe lezamayeza wenze igalelo elinzima igqirha Russian uNikolay Ivanovich Pirogov, egqalwa umsunguli kotyando entsimini.

Ukuba wasungula kungekuphela nje elingephi, kodwa kwakhona wenza inani yezinto ezibaluleke eziphembelele uphuhliso amayeza ngokubanzi. Ukongeza adale sabheka yokuqala eneenkcukacha yokwakheka, waqala ukuba senze ukubulawa zamngxwelerha kaEtere zomzimba, ukunciphisa ukufa evela mothuko kabuhlungu kwaye unike ugqirha ixesha ukuqhuba iinkqubo.

Kwakhona, UNikolai waqalisa ukwenza ukufakwa otashi, ityatyekwe amabhandeji ngenxa yonyango kuziphuko zendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa ebulala. Konke oku kuye kwanciphisa inani abanqanyulwe.

Ngaphandle konke oku kungentla, ugqirha omkhulu liqulunqe umgaqo yokuhlela ababuleweyo, nto leyo ezifanelekileyo namhlanje.

Ukongeza igalelo ebonakalayo utyando emkhosini, Pirogov yabhalwa inani lamaphepha theoretical component kwi unyango yokwenzakala enzima nelula, akukho Classic namhlanje.

Ngelishwa, iimbono ezininzi ezixabisekileyo UNikolai Ivanovich ukuba iphunyezwe yonke phambi kokufa kwakhe. Isibakala sokuba bona befuna utshintsho kwinkqubo zomkhosi yokhathalelo lwempilo yoBukhosi Russian ngelo ixesha elide ubunkokheli yayo akazange afune ukuba izimali.

Development zotyando yentsimi kwisiqingatha sokuqala lwekhulu XX.

Emva kokuvula Pirogov ixesha elide kwi indlela ekuncediseni namajoni edabini nto entsha wabonakala. Okungaphandle abanokuthathelwa ingqalelo fyabo Friedrich Esmarch uhlobo olulodwa nesali noludlolo iipakethi lokunxibela ngamnye. Last izise iingenelo nje kuphela, kodwa elininzi lokonakalisa. Ngenxa yenkolelo imfundiso zobuxoki inzalo elophayo izilonda ezininzi (efuna utyando) zange kakubi, begcinelwe anendleko douches. Ngenxa yoko, amajoni amaninzi batshabalala ngenxa sisifo kuphuhliswa phantsi lokunxibela.

Ekuqaleni leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi oogqirha imikhosi yaseBritani kwaye French abafake abaqhuba utyando kwi unyango iingozi ezininzi. Oku kwenziwa ukususa ancedisana ezonakeleyo, nto leyo ukubola, negalelo usulelo. Inani labantu ababulawa amanxeba aqalisa ukuba bunciphe.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba uphuhliso kotyando yombutho ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. ngendima enkulu edlalwa ngurhulumente kweendlela. EYurophu, apho ekumgangatho ophezulu, usondeze wabangxwelerhiweyo ezibhedlele kube lula kakhulu kunokuba kuBukhosi Russian. Kuyo, nangona iingcamango ngcembe Pirogov kunye nabalandeli bakhe, iminyaka emininzi inkqubo kotyando emkhosini ayakhekanga.

Le meko iye yatshintsha ukuba kubulela ngcono Vladimir Andreevich Oppel. Yaba nguye lowo iinguqu iyeza Russian intsimi emkhosini, ngokusekelwe kwimpumelelo kakhulu kuyaphi kunezixhobo amazwe kunye zasekhaya.

I-revolution ka-1917 kunye beza amandla amaKomanisi, ngethamsanqa, akuzange kumthintele Oppel kuqhubeka uphuhliso kolu shishino kwaye ahlele amaziko oqeqesho uqeqesho yenkqubo iprofayili.

Iincwadi zakhe ekuqaleni nenani-30. It yenza isiseko imfundiso Soviet zonyango emkhosini. On ineziseko zayo ezingaphakathi elizayo ukuphuhlisa endle emkhosini nje kuphela, kodwa utyando jikelele.

Isigaba sesine kula mazwe USSR nasemva Soviet

Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II eSoviet Union waqhubeka inxaxheba iimfazwe Noko ke, isikali ezincinane. Amava obufunyenwe oogqirha 1941-1945., Ngaba zithiwe thaca uhlelo volume-35, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba ngendaleko kotyando ngokubanzi.

Ngenxa phambili zobugcisa koogqirha zomkhosi bakwazi ukuba kuphunywe ngokukhawuleza i owenzakeleyo ukusuka edabini.

Ngenxa yoko, emva kokuba ukuphela kwemfazwe e Afghanistan ngo-1989, imfundiso wamayeza intsimi zomkhosi iye yahlaziywa.

Impixano Afghanistan sele luncedo ngezinto ezintsha. Phakathi amagqirha ezaziwayo-kakuhle kushishino - evgeniy Konstantinovich Gumanenko. utyando Military ebusweni bakhe wafumana enye ingcali kunye nogqirha.

Akazange abe ngokobuqu wamhlangula amawaka aliqela owenzakeleyo, kokuchitha imisebenzi ezininzi ezimbaxa entsimini, kodwa wabhala kakhulu iincwadi ngalo mba. Nguye ke umbhali enye yeencwadi abadumileyo post-Soviet kwi utyando emkhosini. Gumanenko Ek naye mbali ingqalelo uqeqesho.

utyando intsimi International eUnited States emva kokuba World Second

I-Iron ludilike, apho USSR waba enqatyisiweyo akwabakho ehlabathini emva kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, angabanjezelwa uphuhliso zomkhosi utyando asendle kweli lizwe. Umzekelo, e-Europe kunye US, ishishini uye savela kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. Ukususela ekuqalekeni War Vietnam eUnited States baye bafunda ukuba kuphunywe ngokukhawuleza neyaphukileyo ukusuka edabini.

Ukongeza, amazwe aseYurophu emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II uphuhliso esebenzayo kwezixhobo mobile kunye nezixhobo ezenza umsebenzi kube lula namhlanje ngoogqirha entsimini. Kananjalo oko basungula uthotho hemostatic, krovozamenyayuschih, ntlungu - ukuba ukuvumela ukuba ugcine amakhulu amawaka abantu emfazweni loxolo.