Yintoni umdla malunga isikali serhafu progressive yi

Isixa semali angena mali karhulumente, uhlala esweni inkqubo yerhafu kweli lizwe. Ngenjongo ukwabiwa umthwalo werhafu evela kubantu abangamahlwempu mthetho izityebi yaqanjwa kwisikali werhafu eqhubela phambili, eyasetyenziswa eRashiya kude 2000. Kodwa Irhafu okuqhubekayo, njengoko kanti, kunye nezinto ezintle, uye kuneengxaki zawo, ezenza oko kuthandwa kakhulu.

Yintoni irhafu okuqhubekayo

Ukuba uchaze ngendlela elula, irhafu inkqubela - imali ebizwayo ngokomlinganiselo ngokwengeniso ayizuzileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, kokukhona ufumana, irhafu ngaphezulu.

Le nkqubo yerhafu Unengqondo kwazo kwezoqoqosho. Yenzelwe ukubuyisela iintlawulo zerhafu phakathi njengabemi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo yengeniso. A progressive scale olukwaziyo ukulawula ngempumelelo ngakumbi ezithile ngokwezinga yabemi.

Yintoni le rhafu progressive yi

isikali tax okuqhubekekayo eRussia isicelo nxamnye irhafu yengeniso. Kuxhomekeke kwisayizi onesiphumo yengeniso yerhafu yengeniso waba kwenzala eziliqela. Ngasinye izivuno obhobhozayo kwemida ethile ziye zabekwa, kwimeko apho ireyithi kwemfuneko ohlukahlukeneyo phezulu. Ngenxa yokuba kwisiseko yerhafu libalwa qho accrual, ukunyuka kwerhafu kubaqeshwa kwenzeka ekupheleni konyaka.

Eyona eziphambili ze zobalo, kunye nohlobo ngcembe accrual

Irhafu Progressive kunokuba iindlela intlawulo ezahlukeneyo emtshatweni. Kule meko, zingakotshwa zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezininzi:

• Xa ingundoqo kokuxhuzulwa single-isigaba ingeniso ubuncinane non-irhafu kunye ubungakanani isantya ngokwanelisayo eliphezulu.
• Multistage accrual siseko onomlinganiselo ezininzi inzuzo, mda mali ezithile. Phantsi nkqubo inokusetyenziswa ukusuka degrees ezimbini elinesihlanu. Eyona umdla yale ndlela ubalo kukuba kwi inguqu ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo, izinga ukwanda isemthethweni kuphela inxalenye yenzuzo, amakhulu zisembundwini.
• Isikali yovavanyo Progressive kunokuba yomgama womserbia siseko. Oku kusekelwe ukunyuka kancinane izinga esisiseko irhafu, ngokusekelwe into yokukhula yengeniso. Loo nkqubo kuthathwa ukuba kakhulu ngempumelelo, kodwa kunzima ukuphumeza.

Nganye kwenkqubo ngasentla yerhafu eqhubela iye ubuhle nobubi bayo, kwaye isicelo kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu karhulumente. Ngokomzekelo, kwamanye amazwe, uhlobo oluthile ngaphandle kokuba unikezelo olusebenzayo ngeentlawulo mali, lo gama kwezinye indlela ayiphumelelanga ngokupheleleyo.

Ibuyisela ingaba irhafu okuqhubekayo kwilizwe lethu?

Kutshanje, abo kanye kwakhona siphakamise umba lokufakela isikali werhafu eqhubela phambili. Le ndlela icetywayo indlela womserbia multistage. isigaba nganye yabelwa yayo izinga lerhafu, kwaye utshintsho ukusuka kwibanga ukuya kwelinye yengeniso irhafu ngaphezu eqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, oku yaphakanyiswa udidi abantu abanemivuzo ukuya ku-60 amawaka. Thambisani. ukuba ngereyithi eyi-5%. iingeniso ezinkudlwana - ukusuka engange-60 ukuya 600 amawaka .. - ukuba babize-15%, kwaye accrual ka-600 lamawaka engange .. - 25%. Kodwa ke, nangona kangaka yerhafu ngokuqhubekayo bakwazi ukuzisa ingeniso ebonakalayo lwabiwo-mali, lo mthetho sakhatywa. Indlela elinye ixesha de ezo amaxesha xa kuza kuba ngokukuko kuphuhliso loqoqosho lweli lizwe. Kwakhona unobangela unxaxho baba iindleko ezinkulu ezinxulumene nokuqaliswa kwenkqubo enjalo.

inkqubo yerhafu nge rate enomahluko

Ngokomzekelo enye irhafu okuqhubekayo elinokunikwa inkqubo enomahluko we accrual sentlawulo irhafu-ntengo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isindululo ukusebenzisa umyinge lisezantsi, kwaye isicelo ngaphezulu iimpahla eliphezulu ixabiso essentials irhafu. Kuthathwa ukuba njengabemi imivuzo ephezulu, zezona abathengi eziphambili nezinto zodidi, kulo mba, baya kuhlawula irhafu kwi ireyithi ephezulu. Ngenxa yoko, abemi ingeniso encinane uya kuxolelwa kweli umthwalo. Loo nkqubo isenokuba sesona ngokulinganayo kusasaza umthwalo werhafu phakathi kweengqimba labemi.

Isikali irhafu Flat kwaye phambili ukuba kuhlale kukhutshiswana. Abaxhasi serhafu tyaba zokuya kuzithethelela yabo isikali phambili kunciphisa lokukhuthazwa abemi ukuze uzuze ngakumbi, ngokungathi abanemivuzo nokunyuka ingeniso yerhafu ukwanda. Ngenxa yoko, izinga caba ungakuvumeli ukuba ukusekwa kobulungisa bentlalo, ukulingana bonke abemi, nokuba kwinqanaba yengeniso.

izinto ezintle nezimbi irhafu progressive

Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo, isikali yerhafu ngokuqhubekayo uneempawu zawo akhabayo kunye navumelanayo. Phakathi iingenelo na ubonelelo olusebenzayo lweentlawulo mali, ukunciphisa kokohlukana ngokwezentlalo eluntwini. Bobubi yokwanda kwingeniso emthunzini ekunokuthiwa isikali eqhubela phambili, ngqesho ephezulu, izinto inkuthazo eziphantsi, iindleko eziphezulu ukuphunyezwa.

Xa sihlalutya konke oku kungentla, sinako ukuzoba kwisigqibo ilandelayo, ukuba isikali irhafu okuqhubekayo - oku kakhulu komlawuli enamandla yokungalingani kwezentlalo kunye umthombo wengeniso ezongezelelweyo kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Mhlawumbi imithetho ecetywayo imodeli irhafu ayikho kakhulu egqibeleleyo, kodwa sibe nentembelo yokuba, esekelwe kumava amanye amazwe kunye kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto awohluke loqoqosho lwethu, umphumo uya kuba isigqibo esifanelekileyo, nto leyo eya kuba kakhulu ezifanele abemi abaqhelekileyo.