Yintoni OGPU: umbhalo. Cwangcisa, uqinisekise, OGPU

Umsebenzi yabemi Russian abanomdla iinkcukacha ukubalwa iintlawulo eluncedo ngamnye ukhula. Abaninzi baye sizibekele izixhobo ngamnye ukuze sokulinganisa umbane, igesi, amanzi kunye nobushushu. Kukho umbuzo malunga imfuneko phambi kwesi izakhiwo zokuhlala OGPU. Ziqonde le isifinyezo - ". Izixhobo obschedomovye wekhadi" Loo ifoni ekhawuntaleni, nto leyo ebonisa isixa kwezibonelelo yinkcitho, ezifana nombane. OGPU likholisa njenge isakhiwo ukuhanjiswa nesakhiwo sokuhlala. Xa owokugqibela, Kakade, oko akuthethi akuthethi ukuba yokungena eyahlukileyo, kwaye sonke isakhiwo.

imisebenzi OGPU

Iingcali banengcinga yokuba meters ngamnye ayikho kakuhle ngaphandle OPDU. Kokuhlaziya yale ngxelo kwi mihlathi ilandelayo.

1. Kungenzeka ukuba ukuthelekisa yokufundwa eziyimfuneko ukusebenza esweni kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano.
2. Ukuphuculwa ifomula yokubala abemi iintlawulo eluncedo.
3. Avuze angabonwa, uhlalutyo parameters resource engenayo (ubushushu, uxinzelelo). OPDU ukuba ngubani oya kuthwala ilahleko (inkampani ukulawula okanye Umfaki umbutho) ngexesha uhlelo.

Ngokusekelwe kwezi ngongoma, kucacile ukuba OGPU enjalo kwezindlu.

Iimpawu kunye neentlobo OGPU

Ngokomthetho OGPU ifakiwe kule angaphantsi yezindlu. Ezi zixhobo ziquka ezingundoqo izixhobo accounting amanzi ashushu nabandayo kwakunye nobushushu kunye nombane.

Iinkampani inxaxheba kwimisebenzi ekuqaleni-up, wosondeza ezahlukeneyo iinketho ukufaka OGPU. Ziqonde iminikelo yabo aziquki kuphela ukugqibezela umsebenzi ukusekwa nokusebenza isixhobo semitha, kodwa izinto abancedisayo.

Umzekelo, ngaphandle counter amandla obushushu, nto leyo ibizwa ngokuba flowmeter cuke, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ezihlelwe esiludumbo, nto leyo ethatha ingqalelo ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kwinkqubo ubushushu. Kunye iimitha zombane ukusetyenziswa isixhobo efakiweyo esweni.

Ekugqibeleni, kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili kukuba ukufaka OGPU ngaphandle izinto ezongezelelweyo kunye neenkcukacha zolawulo, okanye ukuqukwa izixhobo abangabancedani.

ukusetyenziswa kweemitha energy

Yintoni na umbane OGPU? Zahlula kangangeemitha ngamnye abangabodwa, kabini kunye multi-lweerhafu. Ekugqibeleni ke ngoku khetho kakhulu ethandwa, njengoko ivumela ukunciphisa iindleko iindleko ebusuku, ubusuku emva kwexesha nesasemini. Ixabiso ukufaka imitha liphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ngokukhawuleza byi ukuba ngokwayo.

Kukho fare ezintathu: ubusuku - Iiyure 23.7; semipeak - 10-17, 21-23; peak - 7-10, iiyure 17-21.

Njani endiyihlawulelayor iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubala? Instrument lo ke umahluko phakathi kwisalathisi bakhe udibaniso lwamaxabiso wonke zokuhlala. Isiphumo wafumana yahlulwe ngabo bonke nabaqeshi. Ukuba iitharifu baninzi, kuyo yonke ngokwahlukeneyo.

Best test enyuliweyo kunye nenkonzo zokubala isuswa ngamaxesha babe izisebenzi ukufaka. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi ezo ngabancedani nkampani olwenziwe ngabantu abaqeqeshwe. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuchonga imibutho, ukunganyaniseki kunye ufundo ephosakeleyo ukulungisa, ngomhla isikhalazo abaqeshi, into leyo eyaye kwabonakala ndiyazibaxa lweerhafu, nokutshekishwa ngumbutho azinikele kubonelelo lombane, okanye umntu ogunyazisiweyo - ngummeli berhafu. Xa oku kusenziwa iirisithi yokuqinisekisa data. Umzekelo, umbane iimfuno jikelele awukwazi sifinyelele kabukhali, ngamaxesha-2, kanye oko, kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka. Loo meko ifuna uhlaziyo ngoko nangoko.

Kufakwa i OGPU

Phambi Juni 2013 ebandakanya, urhulumente Russian wenze ukuba inyanzelekile kubo bonke OGPU elimisiweyo. Ziqonde imfuneko yale nkqubo ibonakala ngokucacileyo Federal Law №261.

Ihlala ekufezekiseni imisebenzi ejolise nokulondolozwa kwamandla. Ufakelo senziwa emva kokuba intlanganiso bonke abaqeshi kunye zokuvota, iziphumo zikhutshwa protocol. Ukuba akukwazi ukuhlawula ufakelo kanye enkampani uqokelela imali ngezavenge. Umbutho engekho abaqeshi ngokwalo lingathatha inyathelo ukufaka isicombululo, kwaye yenze ngamandla ngokusebenzisa iinkundla besenza. Zonke iindleko ezinxulumene nokufunyanwa kunye nokufakelwa, kwakunye inkonzo OGPU ehlawulwa ngumnini.

Ngokomthetho, inkampani ulawulo unyanzelekile kanye ngonyaka ukunxibelelana abahlali ulwazi malunga iindlela ezijolise ulondolozo lwamandla, ukuphuhlisa iinketho uzisondeze kwintlanganiso. Ukongeza kule ndlela ingentla, ufakelo OGPU unako ukunikela resursniki, umbutho Ukubonelela ukukhanya, ubushushu njalo njalo.

Ukugcinwa Ukulinganiswa of OGPU

OGPU ke impahla eqhelekileyo isakhiwo sokuhlala kwaye iyinxenye iinkqubo zobunjineli. Inoxanduva lokuphendla umxholo kwinkampani yolawulo. OGPU sandi uyakwazi kwenziwa nawuphi na umntu omthembayo umbutho. Iinkonzo Systems zibandakanya nokuhlolwa, ukulungiswa xa kuyimfuneko, ukuqinisekiswa ukuthotyelwa ukufundwa eyiyo. Kukho amaxesha xa ulondolozo olwenziwa resource-OGPU umbutho omnye ngemali yabo.

Lunikezelo izakhiwo OGPU ubushushu

Ifakela OGPU amandla thermal ukuzuza amandla.
Emva kuka-2009, ngenxa yeendleko ukunyuka ngenxa Izakhiwo ukufudumeza, umthetho phezu imfuneko yokuba ubukho kuzo zezi zixhobo.

Kwakhona ifuna ukuba izixhobo ubushushu wekhadi ngamnye. Ulibaziseko kulo mba kumelana isohlwayo. ukufunyanwa kwabo kwakhona isonjululwe ngabanini kwintlanganiso jikelele, kwangaxeshanye kufuneka nabo ukukhetha oyingcali kule ndawo.

yakha Indlela ezibizwayo eziluncedo

yokubala Payment yezinkonzo oyinxalenye isiseko zizo zonke izixhobo zokulinganisa. Kukho indlela ekhethekileyo ye-EIR, leyo kuyahlukana nedlela uhlobo lwemithombo ziphele. Umzekelo, ukuba isixa sentlawulo yamanzi ebalwa ngokususela ezi zinto zilandelayo: ubungakanani resource wabadla Umlinganiselo eMTO bahlulwe isixa yenkcitho ngamanzi ashushu okanye ebandayo kunye neziphawuli counter ngamnye imilinganiselo, ukuba kukho igumbi, hayi ifakelwe ekhawuntareni. Inani engumphumela liphindaphindwe izinga kwaye kwakhona - ukubhala abaneemitha ngamnye.

iimfuno ezithile bokuqonda intlawulo obschedomovyh

Ziziphi izinto ezongezelelweyo nefuthe amanani OGPU? Okokuqala kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba xa kubalwa imali resource osetyenzisiweyo zokubala MOS Isakhiwo izindlu ezifanayo (lineevaranda, kumaqonga) akachanekanga. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana eziqhelekileyo ezifunwa yi-mthetho.

Ukuba isakhiwo zokuhlala ibekwe umbutho zorhwebo, okanye iindleko zabo musa iphumele OGPU kwaye ibalwe ngokwahlukeneyo, okanye imali efunekayo etsalwa lilonke.

Ibango ukuba bonke abanye ngokuhlawula dodgers, ayisoloko ngokuchanekileyo. Umzekelo, isibonisi wayo uya sisuswe yonke imali xa kubalwa umbane iyonke. Ukuba onetyala akuthethi nokudlulisela ulwazi zokubala, idatha kuyo aqulunqwa ngokwezi ntlawulo ezivunyiweyo.

Amathandabuzo ubunyani imali yerente

Ngokuba zonke izakhiwo kunye nabahlali baqwalasele umyalelo wokuhlawulwa eluncedo kunye nenkcitho kwezibonelelo, ubukho luncedo endlwini eso sixhobo. izixhobo Obschedomovye esilingana ukubuyisela umyalelo, EIR = intuthuzelo. I-Russian Federation lilizwe apho mthetho ukuqonda oku kwaye kufuneka umnqweno ukwenza ubudlelwane eziselubala kwicandelo lwezindlu kunye neenkonzo zoluntu, kuyaqondakala ukuba abanini izakhiwo zokuhlala. Abantu kufuneka icace into ukuba bahlawule, indlela manqaku efunyenwe iirisithi. Ukuze sikwazi ukufezekisa ezi njongo, yaye kufuneka ifakwe OGPU.

Kwimeko apho kwiimeko ukungaqondi malunga mali kwi irisithi, uyakwazi ukucela ingcaciso kwinkampani yolawulo, ngokuthi bangenise isibhengezo okhethekileyo. Kulo amanqaku kubonisa imfuneko acacise indlela ubalo lwenziwa kunye olungumgubo kunye neenqobo; Yintoni na umthamo kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo kwaye ngamanye; Ngaba OGPU endlwini, atywinwe khona; enoba kukho unxibelelwano izakhiwo ezingezizo zokuhlala; kuba izinto asukuba irhafu esetyenziselwa ekubaleni.

Ukuba inkampani yolawulo uyala esi sicelo, ngoko kuhlukumeza umthetho. kakade Lo mbutho kufuneka ekucingelwa ekufihleni ulwazi olubalulekileyo kunye nobuqhophololo. Ukunciphisa amathuba loo nkampani uze usete OGPU. Ziqonde izinto zabo kukunika amathuba amaninzi iinkonzo ezizodwa ukuze uqinisekise ngokukhawuleza amanani esabhalwa iinkampani zolawulo kunye yokwenene.