Yintoni mushrooms ezidliwayo? Ziziphi mushrooms ezidliwayo zikhiwa ukuwa?

Kamsinya nje kwikhephu linyibilike, zonke amahlathi, amadlelo kunye ecaleni kweendlela kukho ezininzi ngamakhowa. Ikhula ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya ku-Oktobha, ubananzile abalandeli "lokuzingela cwaka" abafani yayo. fungi abaninzi luncedo kunye nesondlo kakhulu. Kodwa wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kuyingozi ngayo ityhefu kubo. Ngoko ke, kuphela ukwazi oko amakhowa ezityiwayo, ungaya ukuqokelela kubo. Kwaye kunqweneleka ukuba niwufundiswe indoda enengqondo, ngokuba ngokuxhomekeke umhlaba, iimeko zemozulu kunye nezityalo elijikelezileyo ngundo efanayo engafani. Ukongeza, ukutya akuthethi zilungele zonke kubo.

Zeziphi awafanele

Kwilizwe lethu ikhula malunga namawaka amathathu saprophytes. A ukutya agqitywe 200 kuphela kwabo. Nabani na ofuna ukuba axhamle le mveliso emnandi kwaye nokunesondlo, kufuneka wazi amakhowa izinto ezityiwayo. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka kuqala simazi oko ntoni zezi:

1. ezityiwayo - zezo ezityiwa ngaphandle ukutya elide. Zinelungelo ivumba elithozamisayo kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lesondlo.

2. amakhowa ngokwemibandela ezityiwayo edliwayo, kodwa pre-zifakwe okanye ebilisiweyo ixesha elide. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ivumba elibi kwaye incasa ekrakra, leyo liyalahleka emva kokuba sifakwe. Nakuba kunjalo, uninzi lwabo ithandwa kakhulu, ezifana neenkowane.

3. mushrooms ezivela ezilwanyaneni - ngabo na ityhefu, kodwa bazidlayo akakwazi ngenxa ivumba elibukhali, incasa acrid, encinane kakhulu okanye ezingafanelekanga guquki. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, mitseny, ipepile mushroom yingxubuwa okanye mushroom canine.

4. ukudliwa ukuba adle akakwazi naphantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko. Zinokubangela ityhefu okanye ukufa. Ukufa kwenzeka ikakhulu ngenxa isibindi letyhefu okanye zezintso. Ezinye iintlobo abonakalise iimpawu zazo enetyhefu kuphela emva kweminyaka emininzi, umzekelo svinushki.

5. ukudliwa nazo zibandakanyiwe hallucinogens. Balala nemibono olubonakalayo okanye ezikhalayo, iimfeketho zokufeketha. Kodwa ezi fungi kuba non-yingozi.

Iimpawu amakhowa ezityiwayo

- It has a livumba elithozamisayo.

- Ba okunencasa, kwaye uninzi lwabo zithathwa uju.

- hayi inezinto enganobungozi kwaye ityhefu ekufaneleyo ukutyiwa ngaphandle steeping elide okanye abilayo.

- Zinelungelo Ixabiso eliphezulu lesondlo: iqulethe eninzi protein nezimbiwa umkhondo iziqalelo.

- iintlobo ezininzi ezilinywa kwigadi okanye ezitiyeni ezikhethekileyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo mushrooms ezityiwayo

Ngamanye amaxesha ungabona kokwahlulwa saprophytes, ezityiwayo, ngokwamaqela ezine:

1. uyawathanda zexabiso, kukho incasa ezimnandi kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lesondlo. Ezi ziquka mushroom emhlophe kunye langoku agaric.

2. Ngaphantsi ezixabisekileyo ukuba sempilweni kwaye beve neempawu: Aspen, boletus, amakhowa ibhotolo kunye champignons.

3. Nokuba ngaphantsi ezixabisekileyo, efuna ukupheka elide, maxa wambi akuba acrid njengamasi juice: amakhowa, Mokhovikov, russula, morels, amakhowa, chanterelles, kunye nabanye.

4. A iintlobo ezaziwayo kancinane rarely waqokelela: yamaHindu, lactifluus vellereus, Oyster, njengeebhatyi kunye nezinye.

Ziziphi mushrooms ezidliwayo zikhiwa ekwindla

Xa nobushushu ihlobo sekubonakala umhlaba uba mushroom ofumileyo kufike ixesha kakuhle. Ukuqalela September de abazingeli yokuqala iqabaka mushroom niye ehlathini andifuni kubo, oko kukuthi ukuqokelela. Ngenyanga yokuqala yasekwindla inokufumaneka phantse zonke iintlobo amakhowa ezityiwayo, baba ngeli xesha womelele kwaye ukumangaliseka izinambuzane. Ngo-Oktobha nangoNovemba, baba ezincinane. Kwaye ngeli xesha kwi "ekuzingeleni cwaka" labo abaziyo ukuba Amakhowa ezityiwayo zikhiwa ekwindla. Baya lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini:

1. Abo ezikhula de yeqabaka yokuqala. Oku amakhowa amhlophe, boletus, boletus, amakhowa, amakhowa Oyster kunye russula.

2. Abo ezikhula nangona ukwenzeka kombethe, maxa wambi ukuya ku December. Ezi amakhowa njengoko blewits, amakhowa, greenfinch, chesnochnik kunye chanterelles.

Indlela ukukhetha awafanele

Kwi i "hunt cwaka" kufuneka uye kuphela ukuba uyayazi into mushrooms ayinakutyiwa. Amafoto azisoloko kunceda ucinge ngayo okunene khangela. Kukho inala amawele, ngobubi okanye enetyhefu. Ukongeza, ngundo efanayo kwimihlaba ezahlukeneyo, yaye khangela abohlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukileyo konyaka. Ngoko ke, kungakuhle ukuya kuqala nomntu onolwazi ngubani na ezazi kakuhle oko mushrooms ayinakutyiwa. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ukuba 'kuzingela cwaka "kufuneka balandele imithetho embalwa elula:

- ukuba ukukhetha ikhowa kufuphi iindlela, imizi-mveliso, okanye phakathi komzi;

- nanini thatha mushroom ukuba akuqinisekanga nokuba ezityiwayo;

- musa thatha, amakhowa endala ezinqunquthayo-kudliwe;

- kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukuqokelela kubo semvula;

- kungcono ukusika makhowa kunye imela wayifaka engobozini kumasetyana;

- Musa ukususa okanye ukudubula phantsi okweempukane okona agaric kunye.

Nokuba sele uyazi into Amakhowa ezityiwayo ngabantu, awukwazi uqiniseke ukuba liseyityhefu wena, ukuba ngobubi kubemi yehlathi.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ityhefu mushrooms enokutyiwa

Saprophytes simbi kakhulu. Omnye mkhuhlane kungenzeka Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezininzi imilo, ubungakanani, umbala. Kufuneka uthathe kuphela abo apho uqinisekile ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa maxa wambi nkqu abantu abayaziyo into amakhowa ezityiwayo, wayifaka engobozini iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga okanye eyaziwa kancinane ngethemba lokuba ekugqibeleni baya kuhamba yaye uya kuqwalasela ngenyameko. Oku kunokwenziwa, ngenxa yokuba nkqu intwana encinane okona, abanjiswe ngepani kunye Syroezhko kunokubangela ityhefu kakhulu. Xa enye kokuba tyhefu mushrooms enokutyiwa:

- waphula umthetho imithetho yokuhamba, ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa;

- indlela asebenzisa ngayo, impethu le, wadla okanye umngundo abachaphazelekayo izifo phezu liqalelayo;

- ezinye saprophytes apho naliphi uxabane; Abantu abanjalo, nokuba bayazi into amakhowa ezityiwayo, ukuqokelela yaye angenakudliwa;

- ingqokelela amakhowa kwiindawo zoshishino kufuphi iindlela, amangcwaba, okanye amasimi iphathwa zinambuzane - ngenxa amakhowa ikhono lokunciphisa zonke izinto ezivela emoyeni kunye nomhlaba kwiindawo nkqu Amakhowa ezityiwayo kunokuba enetyhefu.

Ngoku Ungafumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga yintoni makhowa ezidliwayo. Kodwa kufuneka bakhethe incwadi obzatelno kunye iifoto umbala kunye nenkcazo eneenkcukacha mushroom ngamnye kunye noogxa bakhe. Kungcono noko, xa kuqala ku "ukuzingela uthule 'mushroom picker owaziyo ukuba bathi, yintoni amakhowa ingahoywa ukwenzela ukuba ityhefu.