Yintoni inkqubo hydroponic? Inkcazelo iintlobo eziphambili kweenkqubo hydroponic. Hydroponocs inkqubo ngezandla zabo

Ukukhulisa imveliso entsha - kubalulekile nje kuphela, kodwa isiganeko nenzuzo. Kuba bume yedolophu mihla kunzima ukucinga ukusetyenziswa komhlaba yemveli. Amaninzi oko ukulimela greenhouse. Ngaphezu koko, umhlaba imifuno, imifuno, iintyatyambo kunye nezinye imveliso entsha ayikho udumile. Zonke iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ngakumbi hydroponic.

nezimaphambili ezingundoqo

Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye le hydroponics? Ethetha ukwenza amagama, sibona yesiGrike "amanzi" yaye "umsebenzi". Ngokoqobo, kuvela - "umsebenzi yamanzi". Enyanisweni, amanzi acocekileyo lisusiwe. Oku ngezisombululo zolwelo kunye nezondlo. Inkqubo hydroponic - oku yi iimeko esidalwe ngumntu enyamekela ukulinywa iimveliso eluhlaza ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle komhlaba. Maxa wambi kukho zeendawana ethile kukuba akunjalo. Ngokuxhomekeka oku, ukuchonga iintlobo eziliqela iisistim hydroponics.

Phantsi zeendawana uyiqonde into okanye izinto apho iingcambu zezityalo ezikhulayo. Le zeendawana e hydroponics ngokuyinxenye ngokuchasiweyo inkcubeko yemveli belizwe. Oku kube isanti, umgquba, udongwe zandiswa, kwaye kwezinye iimeko - nokuba umoya nje. Luphawu kusetyenziswa wool izimbiwa uhlawulwa hydroponic. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi zeendawana ukusuka emhlabeni ukuba loo nto ukondla izityalo, kodwa sikhonza kuphela njengesikhokelo isisombululo feed.

iinkcazelo ezibalulekileyo, sinokufunda iinkqubo hydroponic ngala "iziqalelo umkhondo" yaye "inqanaba pH». Izakha - into efunekayo isityalo ngamnye inani elithile. Kwinqanaba ngalinye lokukhula iseti zakho izinto zokulanda umkhondo efunekayo ngesityalo ngasinye. A level pH asidi ivumela ukuchaza kudaleke eziyimfuneko ukulungiselela ukukhula kunye neemeko zesondlo.

izinto ezibalulekileyo

Iinkqubo Hydroponic ube kwiqela lokulungileyo phezu iindlela eziqhelekileyo iindlela zokulima, ezifana:

1. Ekuqhubekekeni wokukhula. Ngenxa ifidi rhoqo, izityalo zikhula ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Akunakuze kubekho imbalela okanye kuyanetha. iimeko ezikhulayo zigcinwa kwi ngenqanaba elipheleleyo nethandwa.
2. Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo kunye ekukhuleni. Ekubeni amandla ezinikezelweyo kwindlela eqhubekayo, kwaye ithathela ingqalelo umjikelo ukukhula, izityalo kuqulunqwe ngesantya esikhathazayo. Ukuba indalo kukho izithintelo ezininzi (inani leentsuku enelanga ku ekutyeni, ngomhla ubumuncu le kolawulo), kwi-hydroponics phantse namnye. Izityalo ubungakanani umda kuphela imithetho ebekwe phantsi zemfuza.
3. Ukwazi ukucwangcisa. Iinkqubo ze ukukhula kunye nokwanda Ungabala aqikelele ngokuchanileyo Akumangalisi.

A ngasezantsi.Intlobo ngeentlobo zendidi hydroponics

Ngenxa ezahlukeneyo lweempembelelo nokulawula iinkqubo lokukhula kwezityalo e hydroponics, kukho iinkqubo ezininzi kunye nobuchule. Ngokubanzi, kukho iindawo ezintandathu ezingundoqo, phakathi kwabo i "passive" kunye "elisebenzayo".

I ilula - nomsonto. ingcambu Isiseko - elithi "nomsonto". Le nkqubo isekelwe phezu unikezelo isisombululo kwezondlo ngokusebenzisa emunca. Xa olu lokunxibela yi ngesitya eyahlukileyo waza wondla kwiingcambu zezityalo ngokusebenzisa ngomatshini ngokususela isiphumo capillary. Le ndlela yonikezelo yeyona ilula kwaye ibiza kancinane. Le nkqubo 'kwisixando ", ebalekayo ngokwayo. Omnye kufuneka kuphela esweni umgangatho sisombululo sokudla ngaphakathi etankini kunye bonke.

drip irrigation

Umgaqo yokusebenza likufutshane inkqubo wicking, kuphela ukutya wakhonza hayi ngokwawo, kodwa amandla drip irrigation. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho kwakhona sikhongozeli yesisombululo ityhubhu odibanisa impompo kunye nezityalo. Kuba yokunqanda kukho timer elula. Kukho ezahlukeneyo ezimbini drip irrigation:

• uhlobo umva, okt nge sisombululo ngamandla lisetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Nngokobuchwepheshe, oku kuphunyezwa yi esinkini evela itreyi izityalo phakathi kwe kunye lokunxibela. Le ngobuwena, kwelinye icala, ngokoqoqosho ngakumbi, kwelinye icala - kufuna ulawulo ngakumbi ngenxa yotshintsho Isalathisi pH.
• uhlobo Not ingathityazwa. Kulo mzekelo, umxube umzimba edlula zeendawana nokondla iingcambu zesityalo, ezinyibilikiswe ngokusisigxina. Kufuna ixesha elincinane kodwa imali eninzi kakhulu.

Hydroponics izikhukhula ezithile

Ukulinywa kwinkqubo hydroponic hlobo kukunikezela isisombululo kwezondlo ukususela izityalo zeendawana ngamathuba kwangaphambili timer. izimbiwa impompo Feed eveliswe, yaye emva nokupheliswa sisombululo feed likhanyelwe umva uze ke irisayikilishwe. Kule periods phakathi kufakelwe ingcambu yezityalo ovundileyo ngokwendalo, ukuba Igcwele oksijini. Phakathi iintsilelo ukuba indlela enjalo kufuneka kuqatshelwe uxhomekeko kwimpompo, yaye ngenxa yoko ngombane. Ngapha koko, xa ixesha ayenzi unikezelo lwamandla, iingcambu ndiwatshise nje. Oku eqhwalela ichaphazela zonke inkqubo esebenzayo hydroponic.

inkqubo Classical of maleko kwezondlo

Indlela kwi umaleko kwezondlo hydroponic ngokubanzi. Apha, ngokungafaniyo kwinguqulelo yangaphambili, akukho mfuneko yokuba umenzi timer. ulwelo eyondlayo aqukuqela zeendawana ukuba izityalo njengesihlambo oluqhubekayo. Ifuna level ubumuncu ulawulo Isalathisi pH, ekubeni isicombululo ujikeleziswe kwisangqa.

Izityalo ikhule ngale ndlela ikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa ngaphezulu "mnene". Kwimeko lokubopha nini ngokukhawuleza kwaye afe. Ukuthintela iimeko ezingentle Ziyacelwa iinqununu ukuba ukuya kumthombo backup wombane. Kuluncedo ukuba usebenzise zeendawana, kuqokelelwe ukufuma nesondlo, ezifana imicu yekhokhonathi.

Water Culture

Indlela ngokufanelekileyo ukulinywa kwezityalo emanzini-onothando. Kuba apha iingcambu zezityalo zifumaneka lonke ixesha engamanzi. Kubonakala ngathi iqonga edada isisombululo sokudla le amagwebu, encamathele kwisityalo. Le nkqubo kwakhona, "into esebenzayo", njengoko impompo sisetyenziselwa nomoya. Ukuze babonise, ungenza ukuzivumelanisa aquarium endala. Phakathi ukushiyeka iqaphele inani elincinane iintlobo zezityalo ezinokuthi ikhule ngale ndlela.

aeroponics

Indlela ekukuphela hydroponics, apho zeendawana na umoya. umbane senziwe Iingcambu zezityalo inkungu emanzini. Izityalo ngokwabo ayinakutshintshwa kwinqanaba elithile ukusuka kumphezulu kwaye inkangeleko ejinga emoyeni. Aeroponics elidinga ukubalwa ngenyameko izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Kwimeko yokumka kombane okanye ukusilela naziphi izityalo izixhobo basemngciphekweni omkhulu.

Iinkalo ezintle le ndlela inamathuba ngokudala inkqubo automated ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona emoyeni ilinganiselwe kakhulu yezityalo ekungcolisweni, ezinokuthi zenzeke kule zeendawana. Aeroponics uthelekisa nezinye iinkqubo, phawula ukusetyenziswa enoqoqosho ngakumbi amanzi. Ukongeza, ukuba nomoya onamandla kukhuthaza ukukhula kwangethuba kunye ekukhuleni kwezityalo.

Yeqela kushishino

Iinkqubo Industrial hydroponic ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, kananjalo kwiindawo apho kungekho ithuba lokusebenzisa umhlaba. Kuqikelelwa ukuba, xa kuthelekiswa ne lolimo standard hydroponic onokufikelela ukwanda 20 oluphindwe-kwimveliso. Ewe, xa usenza iindleko zale nkqubo iya kuba ngokwaneleyo. Ngelo xesha ukulondoloza zokulima hydroponic kufuna ukuba nolwazi olulodwa, ngaphandle apho amagqabi eqaqambileyo kunye nohlaza unako ukuza ngokukhawuleza azisalungiseki. Nangona kunjalo, bonke ububi kude izinto ezintle:

• izivuno eziphezulu ngexesha elifutshane;
• ukusinda kwezibonelelo;
• kukungabikho izifo kunye nokhula;
• ubuncinane inani labasebenzi.

Umzekelo, imfuno kwemifuno liphezulu kangaka i-US, nangona phambi kwiifama zabo, iimveliso elizweni esuka kumazwe akufuphi Mexico naseKhanada. Ngelo xesha iifama industrial hydroponic abahlala kwintsimi yeehektare 25. Kukho kwakhona ziifama zabucala ngamnye, ezo zisekelwe kwimimandla uNothozamile ngakumbi 0.5 hectares.

Hydroponics ku ekhaya

Okwangoku iinkqubo ekhaya hydroponic ngokuya kuthandwa. Kwaye etsala ithuba ekhaya ukukhula ngokukhawuleza iimveliso esempilweni. Kuyabonakala ukuba hydroponics ayikwazi ukufaka i iyelenqe lobuqu, enika uninzi lwabo ulwaneliseko yokuziphatha, akasukanga ngokohlobo kwisityalo. Ukwenzela ukuba ningaqali ukukhula izityalo ekhaya, kukho iindlela ezimbini: mhlawumbi ukuthenga izixhobo esele zenziwe ukwenza yonke into ngokwakho. inkqubo Hydroponic, adalwe ngezandla zabo - into ngokubanzi, kodwa lenkathazo.

Xa kuziwa kwizixhobo ukupheka yenye into. Kulo mzekelo, sinako ukufaka kuphela kwindawo efanelekileyo, ukulungiselela isisombululo sale nkqubo hydroponic, ubaleke. Kwimeko self-imveliso kubalulekile ukulungiselela zonke izinto ezizezabo. Oko kuya kuthatha? Amaninzi ngayo:

• isitsha for isisombululo sokudla ngomlinganiselo nama-3 iilitha ngalunye;
• impompo (akwariyam efanelekileyo amandla ngokulula ezichanekileyo);
• ifomu izityalo;
• a zeendawana;
• isethi zakhona.

Kuyo nayiphi na plastiki zingasetyenziswa njenge kwisikhongozeli ukuphakheja. Xa becwangcisa inkqubo elikhulu ngokufanelekileyo kumisa neeflaski ezininzi ukuya kwezingama-50, ngaphezu kwesinye enye enkulu. Packaging kufuneka ibe ngaphaya (ukuthintela isisombululo lokudubula kweentyatyambo). Ukuba oku esandleni, uncedo uya kuza umbala. Izityalo lula babotshwa iimbiza ukuba izithole. Kule isisombululo kwimigqomo ezinemingxuma ngomshini kunye kulindeleke ukuba emva ukulungisa izithole phakathi ezantsi kunye nesisombululo wahlala umoya.

Xa wenza onke amalungiselelo, elibizelwe ndawonye. Izithole ibekwe kwimigqomo kunye zeendawana, nto leyo, ayinakutshintshwa kwitanki isisombululo kwezondlo. Ukusebenzisa izinto zakhona lusekiwe ndlela-ezimbini unxibelelwano phakathi impompo kunye kwisikhongozeli. Enye line iya ukondla omnye, ebizwa ngokuba "umgca itanki" - some. Umgqomo apho ukutya wakhonza kufuneka amalungiselelo kunye ethambekeni ngenxa yamanzi yendalo kunye ejikelezayo ngokupheleleyo kunye namacandelo izimbiwa yesisombululo.

Incinane nje of chemistry

Ngokuba uphuhliso echanekileyo efanelekileyo kwisityalo ngasinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana phosphorus, potassium, initrogen, calcium, nemagnesium nesalfure. Ngezixa ezincinane ziphele manganese, intsimbi, zinc, molybdenum, boron, chlorine nangobhedu. Khumbula ukuba isichumiso kwiinkqubo hydroponic ngezandla zabo senziwe enkulu engqongqo. Kunyanzelekile okokuba emva kokupheka kufuneka iliso pH value isicombululo.

Le sisiqinisekiso isisombululo zizondlo hydroponic kufuneka ingqalelo. Ngendlela eyiyo ukuba ukhethe indibaniselwano zonke izinto eziyimfuneko umkhondo, iya kuxhomekeka phantse yonke into. Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo indibanisela enjalo izinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, ngamaxesha athile yokukhula kunye nophuhliso ifuna ekwandiseni inani elithile amacandelo.

izisombululo zokondla ku hydroponics

Kukho iindlela ezimbini. Kulo wokuqala bathenga nje iseti ekunene lweziqalelo zokulanda umkhondo nezichumisi iinkqubo hydroponic, yaye yonke into exutywe na olinganise kuboniswe. Amanzi Kucetyiswa ukuba athathe ebilisiweyo okanye iziqholo. Ngomngcipheko wakho ungakwazi ukuthatha impompo eziqhelekileyo izinziswe. Emva koko ukulawula nje utshintsho ukubunjwa, dibanisa, kwaye abanye kwexesha kamva - indawo. Olu khetho elula kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile iindleko ethile.

Kwenye mzekelo, unako ukulungiselela isisombululo ukuba inkqubo hydroponic ngezandla zabo. Phakathi zokupheka esele zenziwe, ungakhetha iinketho ezimbini ezifanelekileyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo.

1. A Isisombululo izityalo ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo zikhula kade: 2 iitispuni potassium phosphate, 2.5 - nitrate potassium, 4.5 - calcium nitrate 4 - wemagniziyam sulfate iqhawulwa kwiilitha ezingama-40 zamanzi. Kule sisombululo zafakwa iqhawulwa ilitha 1 yamanzi 1.25 itispuni boric acid, 1/10 itispuni manganese chloride. Icandelo lokugqibela idityaniswa 4/5 itispuni intsimbi chelate ngo-1.6 eelitha zamanzi.
2. Solution for imifuno kunye nokukhanya bothando: 2 iitispuni potassium phosphate, 4 - nitrate potassium, 4.5 - calcium nitrate 4 - wemagniziyam sulfate neelitha ezi-40 zamanzi. Emva koko ke izisombululo ezimbini zaye zongezwa boric acid, manganese chloride kunye nentsimbi chelate njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla.

isiphelo

Hydroponocs - kwicala elithembisayo ukuvelisa imveliso entsha kwi mveliso ekhaya. ubuchule Hydroponic babe Kuyinzuzo isantya sokukhula imithamo kwemveliso. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuvumela ukuba imishini inkqubo ngokupheleleyo okanye ukunciphisa ungenelelo yabantu ubuncinane. Epheleleyo kubabekela izisombululo zizondlo, izimbiwa kunye nezichumiso kwiinkqubo hydroponic ezisetyenziswa nkqu kwiindawo zokuhlala. Nangona ukuntsonkotha okubonakala, inkqubo hydroponic unako ukuhlangula nemveliso igqityiwe, yaye kumnandi ukuba imigqaliselo kunye nokhathalelo.