Yintoni GEF imfundo pre-school? iinkqubo zokufundisa epriskuli

oonyana zanamhlanje zahlukile kakhulu ukusuka kwisizukulwana yangaphambili - kwaye akukho amagama kuphela. Innovative technologies Stadelhofenplatz utshintshe indlela yobomi kwiimvuthuluka bethu, izinto zabo, izakhono kunye neenjongo. Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuze abantu abadala? Njani na ukuba sifundise abantwana? Ngapha koko, ukwazi ukuba ootitshala sizithumelayo abantwana kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngoku zaphelelwa. Impendulo yalo mbuzo iqulethwe kuxwebhu, nethe igama "Federal umgangatho karhulumente." Yintoni GEF imfundo pre-school, ukuchaza ngokweenkcukacha kweli nqaku.

Federal Standard Educational State - ntoni na?

Yintoni le ungayiqondiyo GEF? Imela ukuba federal umgangatho wemfundo karhulumente. Olu xwebhu ebesiqulunqwe yi umzimba eligunyazisiweyo Russian Federation, ebonisa iimfuno ukwenza ukusebenza nokusebenzisa imisebenzi yoqeqesho. GEF isicelo epriskuli, izikolo, amaziko emfundo ezizodwa lesibini kunye neeyunivesithi. Ngokukodwa, uzicacisa iimfuno, imigangatho kunye nezikhokelo ekwenzeni iinkqubo zemfundo.

I-Federal Institute of Development leMfundo

Ukuze kufikelelwe umgangatho karhulumente wemfundo, nto yathatha uphando omkhulu kunye nomsebenzi zenzululwazi. Kubanjwe imisebenzi enjalo egunyazisiweyo umzimba Russian Federation, eba FIRO ungayiqondiyo. GEF Imfundo pre-school kwaye Institute Research.

Senziwe yi-arhente karhulumente kwawo wabuyela ngo-2004 ngokuhlanganisa amaziko ophando eziliqela. Iingxelo ngqo kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMfundo ye-Russian Federation. Ngo-2011 wafumana iwonga leziko yenzululwazi elizimeleyo.

Ngokufaneleka kolu GEF

Ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo umsebenzi zemfundo kunye emfundo zesizukulwana sangoku eRashiya ngowe-2003 kumgangatho karhulumente ukuba siye saqala ukuxoxa imfuneko yokuba iimfuno ngokubanzi ezigxile ulwazi kunye nezakhono abafundi zamaziko emfundo ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.

Ngoko ke, nkqu umgangatho yemfundo isizukulwana wokuqala ngo-2004. It Ndaziswa kwimisebenzi eyenziwayo amaziko ngamaziko emfundo, kubandakanywa imigangatho GEF epriskuli zaye zasasazwa.

Emva koko uxwebhu ihlaziywa qho. Oku kuthatha ingqalelo kuphuhliso inkqubela mihla zobugcisa kunye neemfuno zoluntu.

GEF silungiswe ngokungqinelana nomGaqo-siseko kunye amalungelo Convention Child.

Kutheni imfuneko yokuba umgangatho wemfundo?

Yintoni GEF kokuya esikolweni yemfundo, yintoni le xwebhu epriskuli? GEF wadalelwa ukuba systematization, kusengqiqweni amaqela inkqubo Ukwakheka. Olu xwebhu ikuvumela ukuba ziququzelele imisebenzi yoqeqesho ukwenzela ukuba abantwana baye neengxaki ezinkulu ekwenzeni inguqu ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo lemfundo, yaye baxhotyiswe ngolwazi oluyimfuneko kunye ezaneleyo, ube kwinqanaba elithile ukulungiselela yengqondo.

Federal Standard Educational State luxwebhu esisiseko ngokususela apho kweekharityhulam kuphuhliswa. Ukuba umgangatho ichaza umxholo inkqubo yezemfundo iphela: ntoni nendlela yokufundisa abantwana ukuba yintoni na kuyimfuneko ukuba kufikelelwe kwiziphumo yaye oko kwexesha elibekiweyo. Le program umsebenzi GEF epriskuli uneempawu ezithile, ezichaza ngokwenkcukacha kwicandelo efanelekileyo.

Olu xwebhu kukuvumela ukuba ucwangcise umsebenzi kumaziko emfundo, ukuba siboniswe ngqo imali yabo. Ngenxa nemigangatho emiselwe yaye lisebenzisana kunye nabasebenzi zokufundisa - Uphuhliso lobungcali liphuhlise indlela yemizobo, kwakhona kwezatifiketi-, ekulungelelaniseni umsebenzi kwiimanyano zokufundisa. iintlobo ezahlukeneyo olulawulayo inqanaba abafundi ukulungiselela kwakhona ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kumiswa eqhelekileyo.

Isakhiwo standard Ukwakheka

Yintoni GEF imfundo pre-school? Le mfuno xwebhu yem ngokucacileyo ukuba umbutho ka umsebenzi wokufundisa epriskuli. Yena iqulathe kumanqanaba amathathu:

1. ukuba ukuzoba i iimfuno zeprogram zemfundo. Eli candelo libandakanya imithetho kunye nendlela ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kucwangciswa ootitshala ukufundisa inkqubo yemfundo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ukucacisa inani umbandela enyanzelekileyo evunyiweyo, umlinganiselo ndlela ezahlukeneyo. Umgangatho nayo ifuna ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo umsebenzi kwimimandla ezongezelelweyo, ulwazi lwakho, ezo abunjwe ngqo nxaxheba kwinkqubo yemfundo. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke iimfuno uxwebhu elungiswe ngokwenkqubo GEF yemfundo zabasakhasayo.
2. Ezifunekayo ukulungiselela ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo. Apha esinayo engqondweni kungekuphela nje ekufunyanweni ngqo ulwazi kunye nezakhono abafundi, kodwa zemali, izinto-technical nokufezekisa kwenkqubo yemfundo, ukusebenza kunye nabasebenzi zokufundisa, abantwana, abazali kunye nezinye iimeko eziye kwizicwangciso kwinqanaba kwenkqubo yemfundo.
3. Kwicandelo lokugqibela, equka umgangatho wemfundo karhulumente ikhankanya iimfuno iziphumo zenkqubo yemfundo. Kukho kwakhona ingqalelo kumacala ahlukeneyo enkqubo yemfundo. Olu xwebhu lucacisa kuphela eyimfuneko kwinqanaba ubuncinane zoqeqesho ke abafundi, kodwa ixesha le misebenzi, kwakunye nophuhliso lobungcali lootitshala.

Ukusebenzela inkqubo GEF e enyanzelekileyo uthole kufuneka athathe ingqalelo zonke iimfuno imigangatho yemfundo karhulumente.

Ukuphunyezwa kwemigangatho yemfundo

Kule yemfundo inkqubo oluqhelekileyo luzalisekiswe njengoko ikharityhulam engundoqo, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, kufuneka ibandakanye izicwangciso, izicwangciso, iinkqubo zomsebenzi kwisifundo ngasinye. Umzekelo, GEF izibalo kwimfundo uthole kubandakanya nje amanani kuphela nasekubaleni, kodwa ke uphuhliso ingqiqo ka "ubungakanani", "Group", ukujongana neemeko zobomi.

Ukongeza kwiinkqubo laqulunqa izinto uncwadi, ulawulo novavanyo lwemethodoloji ngokusekelwe ngeemfuno umgangatho.

GEF Imfundo pre-school: eziziiprayimari

A isici esasenza umgangatho yemfundo isizukulwana esitsha i indlela ezintsha ngokupheleleyo kwimfundo yabantwana. Ukuba ngaphambili injongo ukudlulisela ulwazi ukusuka kutitshala umntwana, okubambelela kwinqanaba eziyimfuneko izakhono kunye nezakhono, kodwa namhlanje umsebenzi ophambili kukuba kuqulunqwe i ubuntu ehlanganisiweyo ivumelane. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo GEF yemfundo yamaziko angaphambi kokuya kufuneka ke azibandakanyi nje kuphela iimfuno ulwazi umfundi ukuba bajolise njani kwi nomba nangokwasengqondweni ukuyilwa umfundi njengelungu yoluntu namhlanje. Ngako oko, le meko kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa zisenza le nkqubo:

• Iimfuno GEF kunye nemigangatho zemimandla;
• ngenzuzo yokudla enkulisa;
• iindlela ezikhoyo lombutho umsebenzi;
• orientation, iintlobo kunye neendlela nokufundisa ngalinye;
• ngokoMthetho lombutho inkqubo yemfundo epriskuli;
• umyalelo kwezentlalo kwindawo ethile;
• uhlobo yeziko lemfundo;
• ubudala kunye namakhono abafundi.

Ukongeza, inkqubo esisiseko kokuya esikolweni GEF lemfundo kufuneka athobele le miqathango ilandelayo:

1. Engophuli siseko, umthetho "Kwi imfundo", nezinye ii-odolo zommandla zasekhaya.
2. Iqinisekise ukulondolozwa kunye nokomelezwa impilo yabantwana.
3. Ukuqinisekisa intsebenziswano katitshala kunye nosapho nabafundi.
4. Ukukwazi engqondweni nasemzimbeni ukulungiselela umntwana wakho esikolweni.
5. Ukuqinisekisa iimeko ngokulinganayo zemfundo, nokuba ubuhlanga, inkolo, ubume ekuhlaleni, indawo yokuhlala.
6. Ingaba ekuqhubekekeni kunye neprogram yesikolo.

Eyona njongo yale program GEF

imfundo Pre-esikolweni imiqathango GEF ubeka injongo ephambili yenkqubo yonke yemfundo yophuhliso evumelanayo ubuntu umfundi. Oko kukunika abantwana isixa esithile nolwazi akwanelanga. Kuninzi kakhulu ukubandakanya umntwana eluntwini, imithetho kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kuyo, kwakunye nokuphuhlisa izakhono zobomi, uxanduva, intsebenziswano kunye nabanye abantu, ukuze bafunde ukuba basebenzise iimpawu zazo ngamnye neetalente, ube lilungu elikhutheleyo abantu namhlanje.

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, ukuba kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezinjalo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa unayo isiseko ethile nolwazi. Ngoko ke, umntwana sifunda ngezinto ezingundoqo yenzululwazi - msebenzi akukho kangako yeziko lemfundo pre-school, kodwa iikhrayitheriya nokuvavanya nokwenziwa kwezinto abantwana kakhulu dyondzisaka. Namhlanje, akukho mfuneko yokuba nako ukufunda, okokuqala ehleli edesikeni esikolweni, kodwa kubalulekile ukwenza ibanga lokuqala walungisa ngengqondo kuba imisebenzi zoqeqesho ezayo. Ngoko ke, lo mntwana kufuneka bakwazi ukunxibelelana kunye noontanga babo, ukuba bakhuthale, ukuba kufuneka ukubamba ingqalelo, ngakumbi. Olu xwebhu icacisa ekujoliswe GEF imfundo pre-school.

Imimandla ephambili ulwazi GEF

Eyona ndawo iphambili ekufuneka ukuphuhlisa umxholo inkqubo yezemfundo kwi Dow, ezintlanu kuphela:

1. uphuhliso Cognitive. Abantwana kufuneka bafumane ngenxa yemisebenzi yemfundo kwithuba socwangciso elide uphando umdla ehlabathini ejikelezileyo, ngezimanga zendalo nentlalo kulo.
2. Speech. Kuxhomekeka kweminyaka yobudala eli njengenqobo liqulunqe imithetho ethile. Ngoko, kwi qela omdala labantwana zabasakhasayo kufuneka adityaniswe intetho enengqondo echanekileyo.
3. Artistic nobugcisa. Le ntsingiselo icebisa abafundi familiarizing kunye nemisebenzi zobugcisa umculo, intshayelelo kwinkcubeko nobugcisa, kwakunye nokuphuhliswa ubuchule ngamnye, izakhono motor entle.
4. lithathelwe Socio-ngokwasengqondweni kwecandelo mntwana ibandakanya iqela oontanga, encane ukufunda indlela aziphathe kwiqela, ukuyilwa nchavelelo engqondweni kunye nobume ekuhlaleni njengento eyimfuneko band.
5. indawo Physical kuquka ezemidlalo, unyango qete kwi kwiiklasi OBZHD epriskuli.

GEF kokuya esikolweni nokuba ukuyilwa kokuqala ngokusondeleyo sebenzisana, ngaba ukuqhubeka. Ngoko ke, kwicala elinye iya kusebenza, kwaye kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.

Iimpawu sicezele le program umsebenzi GEF lemoto

Ukuze kuqhutyekwe ukulungiselela inkqubo yezemfundo epriskuli GEF kufuneka aqonde ngokucacileyo isakhiwo xwebhu. Ngenxa yoko, umxholo wayo kufuneka luqulathe igama amalungu ama-2:

• ngokuvumelana GEF lemoto;
• oluqulunqwe nxaxheba zenkqubo yemfundo.

Okokuqala, le nxalenye kufuneka nakanjani kuboniswa ngokupheleleyo. Eyesibini zeengcebiso bazakhela ngamnye.

Le program kufuneka siqulathe macandelo alandelayo:

1. Iphepha isihloko, nto leyo ibonisa igama lwenkqubo, ababhali, evunyiweyo nini yaye ngubani.
2. INGCACISWANA. Libonisa ngokubaluleka imisebenzi yabanyuliweyo, loo ngcamango uxwebhu, iinjongo kunye neenjongo, ixesha ukuphunyezwa kwazo.
3. Indlela yosuku epriskuli.
4. Umxholo we umsebenzi wokufundisa kumacala ahlukeneyo. Kubandakanya umsebenzi lwemethodoloji entsonkothileyo (yintoni na iinkqubo ezingundoqo ezongezelelweyo asetyenziswa, ukuyilwa kweteknoloji, ukufumaneka zokuncedisa ekufundiseni). Ubume yokusebenza kwenkqubo yemfundo (mode of imini, umnatha ukudlala, iishedyuli zomsebenzi yabasebenzi, umthwalo).
5. iziphumo ezilindelekileyo umsebenzi ngethuba lonyaka wesikolo.
6. Control nokuvavanya umsebenzi Dow (zombini abafundi kunye nomfundisi ukuze nokwenza).

Iinkalo ekujoliswe kuzo kule program GEF

Ngokutsho neemfuno umgangatho karhulumente wemfundo epriskuli ngaphandle kwa zethutyana kunye yokugqibela nolwazi. Kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba bafunda inyaniso, kunye nokulungela nangokwasengqondweni umntwana ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo wemfundo - yesikolo. Ngokunxulumene nale mfuneko, iithagethi ezithile wambumba GEF kokuya esikolweni, ukuqikelela ukuba sikwazi ukuqinisekisa inqanaba lokulungela zabasakhasayo ukuze zidluliselwe iklasi lokuqala:

• umntwana ubonisa sengqondo esihle ehlabathini, abantu kunye nam;
• enkulisa kwindawo ukujonga umsebenzi wabo, uluzalise;
• linge lubhiyozelwe imidlalo kunye nemisebenzi yemfundo;
• lazuza ukuqonda abazi nokuhambelana nemithetho, nemimiselo, iimfuno zoluntu;
• siyaqondakala kwabanye, kwakhiwa ngokuchanekileyo;
• ukuphuhlisa ukukwazi ukusombulula ngokuzimeleyo iimeko ingxaki okanye ingxabano;
• enkulu entle ngeemoto ekwafanekisa ngonaphakade;
• kule misebenzi ukuba creative, ndicinga ngaphandle ibhokisi;
• uthi lilifa amandla;
• umntwana ukwazi, neliso elibukhali.

Types of iinkqubo zemfundo

Ukwahlula iintlobo 2 iinkqubo ezingundoqo zemfundo epriskuli:

• zophuhliso jikelele (kubandakanywa kwiindawo ezininzi);
• ezizodwa (kakhulu zemiyalelo).

Iqela lokuqala luquka inkqubo "Rainbow", "Development", "ezinqongopheleyo" kunye nabanye. EziZodwa - it kokusingqongileyo, ubuciko nobugcisa, ngokwasemzimbeni, imfundo ekuhlaleni.

Ukongeza vysheoboznachennyh iinkqubo kwezinye kokuya esikolweni zixhomekeke ezongeziweyo, umzekelo, amaxwebhu zomsebenzi isangqa.

Kweli nqaku, siye sachaza ukuba GEF nguye imfundo pre-school, nendlela ukuphumeza iimfuno ezichazwe kwi ukufundisa. Abantwana Methodist ngayo amaziko kokuya esikolweni kubalulekile ukugqithisa iimfuno ezingundoqo uxwebhu ootitshala ukuba bafundise ukusebenzisa ezintsha emsebenzini wabo. Emva kokuba yonke GEF - uxwebhu kunceda ukuba alungiselele imisebenzi uqeqesho ngenxa yoluntu kunye neemfuno zoluntu mihla. Ngalo eli xwebhu, kwisizukulwana soonyana bethu bafundiswa ngendlela ezintsha kakhulu, eshiya ngasemva ukweyisela elidlulileyo.