Vuyerisa Shepitko: biography kunye PIU

Umlawuli film Soviet odumileyo vuyerisa Efimovna Shepitko wazalwa EyoMqungu 6, 1938 ngo Artemovsk (Ukraine). imfundo Secondary kwisikolo rhoqo, ukusuka apho izifundo ngo-1954. Emva konyaka, Larissa weza VGIK isebe ziqondisa. Njengomfundi, yena obekade films eziliqela. umsebenzi Graduate Shepitko waba umboniso ngokupheleleyo-ubude "Tshisa" kwi imveliso Aitmatov "Iliso benkamela." Ukudubula kwenzeka Kyrgyzstan kwi studio "Kyrgyzfilm". On mizobo obandayo vuyerisa wadibana Elemom Klimovym, naye umfundi VGIK. Abantu abatsha baqala ukuhlangana nditshatile ngo-1963.

Lokudubula nezifo ezosulelayo

Yaba isibini omhle. Zombini kwahluka nokwanela, azikho ixhomekeke ngamnye ngokubhekiselele emsebenzini, kodwa ixesha elide ukuba ndawonye babengakwazi. Ale wayeminyaka embalwa wayemdala umfazi wayo; kodwa kakhulu ngaphambili izidanga VGIK. Ngexesha bhanya womfanekiso "Tshisa" iqela lonke wambamba senyongo. Ukuba ixesha kunisasaza, abanye abadlali waya eMoscow, ezinye, kuquka vuyerisa kunye nomyeni wakhe bahlala. Buthathaka Shepitko yalathisa inkqubo ngokwenza imiboniso-, ehleli phezu lokukhwelisa esibhedlele. deal Elem emiswa yangoku. Edubula uguqulelo eziliqela thumbanails, kodwa waqhubeka.

inkolo

Larissa waba likholwa, nangona kuthathwa ukuba abe lilungu Komsomol. yenkolo yakhe akukho mfihlakalo, yaye oku kunempembelelo engentle umsebenzi wakhe, ngoxa babejongwa ibiselityatyambile ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona Shepitko wayeqinisekile ukuba kukho kokufa kunye ngokutsha. Uthi phithi imvakalelo ukuba owakhe wahlala kwindawo, nto leyo ngoku naye. Kanye kwigumbi esingaqhelekanga, apho wabonakala kunye element, Larissa wayevakalelwa ukuba kanye apha. Wakhomba etafileni njengesiqhelo, wathi apha okudlala, eli khadi-itheyibhile. Xa waphakamisa emkhenkceni, ngoko ngaphantsi yajika Card baize eluhlaza.

umsebenzi Early

Diploma thesis makhwelo mlawuli vuyerisa Shepitko lawongwa ngebhaso "Kuba bt ngempumelelo" kwi-International Film Festival e Vary 1964. Lo mfanekiso iphumelele ibhaso kwi-First All-Union Film Festival eLeningrad. Abahlalutyi waphawula ukuba shishino unalo umzobo entsha enkulu, nto leyo inethuba elikhulu.

Vuyerisa biography Shepitko apho wavula kwiphepha elilandelayo, waye waduma emva kokukhutshwa umboniso wakhe wesibini liqengqiwe ngokuba "amaphiko", ezifotwe 1966. Lo mfanekiso thaca ibali labaqhubi Hope Petrukhina kunye isiphelo sayo post-imfazwe.

Inxaxheba yabantu bendawo nokudubula

Okulandelayo Shepitko umsebenzi - ifilimu "Homeland umbane" ukususela amabali Andrei Platonov - wadutyulwa kummandla Astrakhan, kwidolophana Seroglazovo. iindima Mininzi minor ebizwa abemi emizini ejikelezileyo. Vuyerisa Shepitko waba ngumlawuli wokuqala lowo bayamenywa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni ngabahlali bendawo, wayengenayo ingcamango mfi. Lomsebenzi wahamba kakuhle, kodwa ifilimu lumiswe kancinci ngenxa yezizathu ngemibono.

umoya creative

Ochwayithileyo Shepitko nangoko wemka, umfanekiso wakhe olandelayo "Xa lixa weshumi elinesithathu ebusuku." Yaba nentsomi somculo engenisa umbala olungileyo inxaxheba abadlali ezifana George Vitsin, uVladimir Basov, Spartak Mishulin, Zinovy gerdt kunye Anatoly Papanov. Bonke abadlali wayesebenza iziyolo, uziva sengqondo lobuhlobo lomlawuli. Bhanya-tale wawuguqula enemibala, ulonwabo kunye ulwazi.

Enye film umbala osihloko sithi "Mna" vuyerisa Shepitko wemka ngo 1971. Yaba umfanekiso sesicelo yesihloko imini, ngeliphandle satirical, kwaye ngexesha elinye abulawe kwinqanaba elungileyo wobugcisa. Xa ekudaleni umlawuli umboniso uzama ngesandla sakhe abe ngumbhali. Vuyerisa Efimovna Shepitko wadala ibali lo mfanekiso elizayo, kunye Gennady Shpalikov, bhanya yobungcali.

Le filimu kwizizukulwana malunga namashumi amathathu. Apha ebalini, izazinzulu zezonyango ezimbini "wangcwatywa" italente yakhe seempumelelo eziphathekayo nokuthandwa lobuqu kunokuba ezingaqondakaliyo. Kudlala kaYuri Vizbor, Alla Demidova kunye Z Diachkov. Kuba lo msebenzi vuyerisa Efimovna Shepitko wanikwa imbasa "Ukoyisa ukhuphiswano bhanya abaselula." Emva kokuba ibhaso indlela yomsebenzi wakhe wokudala iye lwalutshintshile bejonge ngokoqobo enkulu.

Ukuthandwa nokubonwa

Vuyerisa Shepitko movie ezahlula ukunyaniseka, ngokubaluleka kuthandwa. Wafumana iingxowa iileta ezivela iifeni wayekhathazeke kakhulu ukuba nako ukuphendula abanquli bakhe. Nodumo wamnika amandla noLarissa Shepitko ogama mifanekiso ngeposi kumaphephandaba ezininzi neemagazini, wasebenza kunye namandla redoubled. Ngowe-1974, yena amkelwa kumgangatho karhulumente ke, waba Artist abazukileyo RSFSR.

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba umsebenzi yomlawuli - oku ishishini lomfazi. Kwaye ngenene, ubukhulu becala abantu benza lo msebenzi. Noko ke, vuyerisa Shepitko kungekho ngaphandle, yena umlawuli wokuqala ababhinqileyo, abafumana sisibonelelo ngokusesikweni ukusebenza in Hollywood. Isimemo ayizange yamkelwe.

nabo

Vuyerisa ngokusondeleyo ukunxibelelana nokwenza abahlobo kunye nabameli ezaziwayo-kakuhle cinema yasentshona, phakathi kwabo Francis Coppola, Bernardo Bertolucci kunye nabanye. Waze wenza abahlobo kunye ome Layzoy Minelli. Shepitko bothuka Hollywood ngembeko, butywala ngokubanzi, okubi, ukungabikho ezibonisa esisiseko.

energetics

UThixo wasigcina Hollywood evela vuyerisa Shepitko, kungenjalo uya kwangoko ukubheka ngokokuthanda bonke apho, ukuqala kuncinci ukuya ku- nkulu. Actress-mlawuli uye amandla angaphezu ngokwenene. Nomdlali Alexei Petrenko, udlala Rasputin ngo "Yabuhlungu" yaphulukana ukuthanda yentsimbi ubuntu bakhe, uvele nje phezu iseti Shepitko, ngokubuyisela iintsuku ezimbalwa indoda yakhe Elem Klimov. Kodwa Rasputin akabanga olulinganayo ngamandla omoya, akazange athathe imbumbulu, ukufa iphetshwe. Kakade ke, umdlali Petrenko - ayikho Rasputin, kodwa umfanekiso uye sele ndikuqhelile. Kwaye ngesiquphe, ukusuka imboni edume Alex ajike ukujingxela isidalwa, sinike nje phezulu indima nakuba.

amandla otherworldly

Xa umsebenzi Shepitko Larisy usoloko phambi mood ngokungangqalanga eyimfihlakalo. Lona iqatshelwe Elem Klimov, umyeni wakhe kunye neqabane kumsebenzi umlawuli, nto leyo isimemo akhangele iseti oosiyazi, hypnotists, ehamba. Ngenye imini xa eqhuba wabonakala Wolf ukuzixakekisa. Vuyerisa ezinjalo izimemo asiyiqheliseli, kodwa ngandlel 'umoya lemimoya wayekhona umsebenzi wakhe. Njengoko producer omnye: "Xa umhlaba ukuba namavumba nesalfure."

Larissa waba sokuba of ekupheleni kwakhe yokusondela kwaye babesiya iimvakalelo zabo nabantu ababathandayo. Ukususa i "Ndlelantle Matyora" ezibhalwe Valentin Rasputin, yathi esidlangalaleni ukuba umsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela. Kwaye ke Kwathi, emva kokufa Larissa Elem Klimov ibali dosnyal kwinkumbulo umfazi wakhe waza wayibiza ngokuba "okuzibeka phantsi."

Ukufa vuyerisa Shepitko

ekuseni Julayi 2, 1979 cine Cameras imoto iVolga intshukumo ozimitha ezingama-22 kunye uhola eyintlango kwi alikhulu elinamanci mahlanu nekhilomitha ngasentshonalanga yaseTver. Xa imoto vuyerisa Shepitko umqhubi Chukhnov Vladimir, igcisa Fomenko Yury kunye nabancedisi. Kude phambili lwase iimoto ezayo, kwaba ilori elikhulu, elo sisondela ngokukhawuleza.

Xa umgama phakathi iimoto lancitshiswa nekhulu eemitha, "iVolga" zethu- ngesiquphe kwaye babaleka baya lane ezayo. Elandelwa ngesibetho enzima, ithuba lokusinda wayengekho mntu. Vuyerisa Shepitko wangcwatyelwa Kuntsevo Amangcwaba eMoscow. Sekudlule iminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesithandathu, kwaye nengcwaba badla ndawonye abalandeli kunye amaqoqo iintyatyambo.

Vuyerisa Shepitko PIU

Inkoliso yemisebenzi le umlawuli vuyerisa Shepitko ziqulathe izigcawu inxaxheba njengoko waba ngumdlali echubekileyo ngokuzithandela wadlala bhanya yakhe.

Xa wacelwa ukuba indima kwenye umboniso, akazange ale, kodwa komqathango wokuba umlinganiswa wakhe uya kuba kangako.

Kule filimu:

• "Carnival Night," indima rhoqo.
• "Umbongo we kuLwandle" episode.
• "Ordinary Story", umlinganiswa ka UNina.
• "Tavria", indima Hanna.
• "Sports, imidlalo, imidlalo", iKumkanikazi lomlinganiswa, indima ka episodic.
• "Izinyo", ndibe elifutshane.

Ngenxa vuyerisa meko Shepitko ezintlanu:

• "Uvalelisa" kwi imveliso Valentin Rasputin, elishicilelwe phantsi yayibhalwe 1978.
• "Nokunyuka" kwi inoveli ngu lokho Bykov, imeko wadalwa 1976.
• "Mna" umsebenzi wakhe, 1971.
• "LooMawokhulu Umbane", elishicilelwe phantsi kwabhalwa ngo-1967 phezu inoveli yi Andrei Platonov.
• "Tshisa", elishicilelwe phantsi Shepitko wabhala ngo-1963 ngokukhethekileyo ithisisi yabo, ngokusekelwe kwinoveli yi Chingiz Aitmatov.

umsebenzi umlawuli

• "Blind Kuhar", elifutshane ifilim, umsebenzi ke, ezifotwe 1956.
• "Amanzi Living", Mfutshane, iphepha elide, 1957.
• "Ubushushu", iqale, ithisisi, 1963rd.
• "Wings" - iprojekthi umboniso yokuqala lomlawuli Shepitko, ezifotwe 1966.
• "Homeland umbane," Almanac, 1967.
• "Xa lixa weshumi ebusuku," umboniso-ngantsomi, th 1969.
• "Mna", 1971.
• "Nokunyuka", 1976 th-.
• "Uxolelo ku Matyora", 1979 (umsebenzi ayikho ngaphezu).