Victor Vasnetsov (abaculi). Ubomi kunye nemisebenzi ngomzobi odumileyo Russian kwinkulungwane XIX

artist Great Vasnetsov uViktor Mihaylovich wazalwa ngo May 15, 1848 kwilali Lopyal, usapho Mihaila Vasilevicha Vasnetsova, umbingeleli. Okunye noyise elizayo unyana wakhe umbingeleli, yaye kwiminyaka yokuqala inkwenkwana ngeenxa Vasnetsov bathobele abazali babo sele waya waba izingqi kayise. Kodwa Isiphelo sakhe watshintsha kakhulu kwiminyaka embalwa. Biography Vasnetsov iqulethe amaphepha ukubunjwa lokudubula italente enye zabazobi abadumileyo kwimbali karhulumente Russian.

Akabanga abafundi, ezifana kwi V. I. Surikova kunye nezinye amagcisa eziziingangamsha, kodwa isakhono Viktora Vasnetsova yavulwa ukulandela nayiphi opeyintayo abasaqalayo. Kunye ngamagcisa aselula ukuzama ukufunda "Vasnetsov" semitone, ndikho amabali yakhe ebonga, esikolweni okanye imibala fun, yenza inkosi landscape ayakhanya.

Yokubonisana art

Ngowe-1858, phezu ukunyanzelisa kayise i Vasnetsov entsha uchaziwe kwisikolo yonqulo, apho wayefunda iminyaka emine, waza waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe Vyatka Theological Seminary. Waza wavula italente ngomzobi, kwaye igcisa elizayo waqalisa ukufunda ukupeyinta kwi N. G.Chernyshova, utitshala kolwimi. Ke ngobabalo kayise waza washiya sabefundisi safudukela eSt Petersburg, apho wabhalisa ukupeyinta, kunye School Development Art eklasini Ivana Nikolaevicha Kramskogo. Emva kokufunda esikolweni kunyaka omnye, Vasnetsov yadluliselwa Academy of Arts Fine, yaye waqhubeka izifundo ukupeyinta.

umfundi wakhe ukusebenza umculi sile ukuba bonke ukubona noba ngaphakathi Academy ukuba ulinganise iinkosi recognised institution of brush. Izimvo abaculi ihloniphekile emsebenzini ngomzobi oselula Vasnetsov baba kakhulu azithanda, abahlalutyi abaninzi baye baphawula ngamagcisa aselula njenge igama elitsha zobuciko.

Association of the ngabelusi

Emva kokuphumelela Academy of Arts ngo-1873 Vasnetsov artist waqala inxaxheba kwimiboniso ngabalusi, ihlelwe eSt Petersburg eMoscow. I "Partnership" ibandakanya ezaziwayo-amabini amagcisa Russian, phakathi kwabo: Kramskoy I. N., Repin I. E., Shishkin I. I., Polenov B. D., Surikov V. I. kunye nabanye. Victor Vasnetsov waqhutyelwa kwimiboniso abahambahambayo imizobo ezimbini: "Knight kwi-Crossroads" yaye "Alenka".

Vuka, bawe

Injongo Peredvizhnik yaba omaziyo okugqithileyo ebanzi babantu ubuciko Russian. Le miboniso zaye zabanjwa yonke, imizi nemizana, abathululi kuphuhliswa yaye ziyaqiniswa. Bayatyatyamba "Partnership" senzeka kule minyaka 1870-1880. imisebenzi Kamva abathululi baqala ukuncipha kwinani yezizathu njongo, yaye yabamba bonisa zabo zokugqibela ngo-1922.

Abramtsevo

artist Russian Vasnetsov wangena "Abramtsevo isangqa sobugcisa", ezilungiselelwe yi-usomashishini kunye nobugcisa umxhasi Savva Mamontov, umnini Abramtsevo ilifa. Bahlela intlanganiso ngabapeyinti, abakroli, ababhali kunye neemvumi phantsi uphahla lwendlu iindwendwe Savva Ivanovich yaye kamva isangqa ibuye ibe liziko enkulu inkcubeko Russian. beza ngabapeyinti ku Abramtsevo waza wahlala apho iinyanga, ukuyila imizobo yabo ukungafi. Kwakhona Victor Vasnetsov isivakashi rhoqo, waphefumlelwa nohlobo engekashunyayelwa le kwindawo ekhuselweyo, imilinganiselo zemveli Russian, amasimi, amahlathi kunye nabantu basemaphandleni njengoko yinxalenye ubuhle.

Academy of Arts

Ngowe-1893 Vasnetsov igcisa waya Academy of Arts Fine kunye, xa ilungu le-Academy, waqhubeka nomsebenzi Qhamani kwicandelo ngokutsha nenkcubeko Russian. I-mbuso ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini sichaphazele umzobi enkulu. Vasnetsov akazange inxaxheba ngqo kwimisebenzi "Union of Abantu Russian," umbutho pravomonarhicheskoy, kodwa ngokungangqalanga yaxhasa Black Hundred intshukumo nkqu ngemali iimpapasho, ezifana "Book of buhlungu Russian." Ngowe-1912 umzobi yaziswa kwi ngabafo yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Kwaye waba lilungu elikhutheleyo "Society of ukuvuselelwa Russia" ngo-1915, apho kwaziswa kunye amagcisa ezininzi ixesha.

Iintlobo wokudala

umsebenzi Vasnetsov womzobi na iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, oko akunakuthethwa ezinye ngabapeyinti Russian. Wadala Imizobo usebenzisa iintlobo ezichaseneyo, maxa wambi zingaphawulwa kwezinye. Mizobo uhlobo yasekhaya kunye nabalinganiswa zokwenyani endaweni imizobo kuzo iintsomi. Kanti ke, ngathi ngomsonto obomvu lonke ixesha wokuyila wegcisa idlula imixholo Epic-zembali. Kwaba yobuciko bakhe engundoqo zadalwa kule uhlobo Vasnetsov: "Heroes" (1898), "uKumkani Ivan i esibi" (1897), "Ivan Tsarevich kwi Grey Wolf" (1889), "Alenka" (1881) , "Knight ekwahlukaneni kweendlela" (1882), "Emva Idabi Igorya Svyatoslavovicha kunye Polovtsy" (1880).

isihloko ibandla

Phambi kokubhiyozela zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, Vasnetsov igcisa, "Heroes" leyo, ebhalwe 1998, waba uphawu wakhe, ibhekisela umxholo yonqulo. Yena iipeyinti imifanekiso Vladimir Cathedral e Kiev kunye Ascension Church e St. Petersburg, eyaziwa ngokuba Cathedral "uMsindisi wethu kwi iGazi" kwi Griboyedov Canal. Kamva, igcisa wathabatha inxaxheba womzobo elingaphakathi etempileni Aleksandra Nevskogo, nto leyo ibekwe elikomkhulu eBulgaria, Sofia. Yaye le Moscow Church of the Nativity Presnya Vasnetsov wadala imizobo yophahla kunye nodonga kaMnu.

artist Civic

Vasnetsov wegcisa 1917, watshintshela Russian iintsomi enkulukazi, imizobo yakhe fairytale "Ze ningalwi Dobryni Nikiticha kunye inyoka elineentloko ezisixhenxe Gorynych" zibhaliwe ngo-1918, yaye "Bag of Amathambo" ngo-1926 yaba umsebenzi yokugqibela igcisa enkulu.

Ukongeza canvases brilliant Vasnetsov wadala inani leeprojekthi zokwakha nezembali:

• Manor yakhiwa Abramtsevo ibandla "uMsindisi Ongcwele" imizobo Vasnetsov kwakunye wegcisa vd Polenov and umakhi PM Samarin (1882)
• In Abramtsevo lakhiwa "Bhut Ngemilenze Chicken", gazebos kwi mibala fairytale (1883)
• Project ilitye kaYuri Nikolaevich Govorukha-uMkhonzi, umbhali Russian, abenza isijwili (1896) kwi necropolis ze woonongendi eMoscow.
• emnqubeni Russian for lo Mboniso ka-World Paris ngo-1898.
• Project sendawo IE Tsvetkova, kunye womzobi BN Shnaubertom eMoscow ku Prechistenskaya chibi.
• Izicwangciso projekthi ekungeneni engundoqo eya Tretyakov Gallery, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba womzobi VN Bashkirov e Moscow Lavroushinsky Lane (1901).
• iinqaba Project ukusuka Izikrweqe Chamber kwi-Great yesicelo Ibhotwe e Moscow (1901).
• cross Memorial eyahlula indawo kokufa Prince Velikogo Sergeya Aleksandrovicha eMoscow (1908), nto leyo yatshatyalaliswa yaye kamva yakhiwa yi nomkroli NV Orlov, waza ke waya Novospassky Monastery.
• itshe VA Gringmut ekunene-iphiko sekuhleni, eMoscow, kwi necropolis ze weemonki Usizi (1908).
• Cathedral of St. Alexander Nevsky e Miusskaya Square e Moscow, kunye womzobi A. Pomerantsev (1911).
• projekthi Artistic of isitampu zokuposa, yezenziwe imali ukuze kuncedwe amaxhoba yemfazwe (1914).

philately

Vasnetsov umculi kunye nomsebenzi wakhe ngelo xesha zimelwe kakuhle philately ye-USSR:

• Yokuposa Isitampu "Tretyakov Gallery" yi AS Pomansky yakhululwa ngo-1950. Le Isitampu ichaza olungaphambili ephambili Tretyakov Gallery, eyenziwe 1906, ngokusekelwe kwi imizobo yi uViktor Vasnetsov.
• Uthotho izitampu zokuposa azinikele engama 25 zokufa ngumzobi Vasnetsov, umbhali - umculi II Dubasov, 1951.
• Ukuposa isitampu kunye nomfanekiso ka VM Vasnetsov kumfanekiso lomculi Ivan Kramskoi ", epapashwe ngo-1952 kwi-ITC" brand "phantsi # 1649.
• Yokuposa Isitampu "Heroes" (umzobo ngu Vasnetsov 1881-1898 biennium) ITC "Mark" # 1650.
• Yokuposa Isitampu "Knight kwi Crossroads" (1882), eyakhutshwa ngo-1968, kunye noyilo amagcisa A.Ryazantseva G.Komleva, ITC "brand", №3705.
• isikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-150 ngokuzalwa Vasnetsov kwaqatshelwa kukhupho Russian le isitampu kabini kunye icwecwana.

Kuba wonke umphefumlo ezinobuchule wegcisa enkulu ke kubhaliweyo canvases kweshumi eziliqela. 24 mizobo wegcisa Vasnetsov wayengena mali segolide art Russian:

• 1871 - "Gravedigger".
• 1876 - ". Ukususela endlini ukuze kwigumbi"
• 1878 - "Knight kwi-Crossroads."
• 1879 - "oluthandwayo".
• 1880 - "Emva Idabi Igorya Svyatoslavovicha kunye Polovtsy".
• 1880 - "ichibi Alenushkiny."
• 1880 - "Magic Carpet".
• 1881 - "Alenka".
• 1881 - "Three inkosazana lemimoya."
• 1887 - "Warriors ye-Apocalypse."
• 1889 - "Ivan Tsarevich kwi Grey Wolf."
• 1890 - "Ukubhaptizwa Rus '.
• 1897 - "Humayun".
• 1897 - "The Tsar Ivan labangcangcazelisi."
• 1898 - "Heroes".
• 1899 - "Guslar".
• 1899 - "The Snow Ntombazana".
• 1899 - "The intlanganiso Oleg bili."
• 1904 - "Umgwebo Wokugqibela".
• 1914 - "ilya Muromets".
• 1914 - "The zokucwangcisa Peresvet kunye Chelubey".
• 1918 - "The Frog Nkosazana".
• 1918 - "Ze ningalwi Dobryni Nikiticha kunye inyoka elineentloko ezisixhenxe Gorynych".
• 1926 - "Bag of Amathambo".