UNaum Kleiman - ubugcisa kunye nobuchule

Namhlanje siya kukuxelela ukuba ngubani uNaum Kleiman. I-biography iya kuhlolwa apha ngezantsi. Kuthetha nge-cinema yaseRashiya. Nguye umbhali wamanqaku amaninzi aphathelene nembali, kunye nenkolelo yale fomu yobugcisa. Le ngenye yeengcali ezibalulekileyo emsebenzini weS SM Eisenstein. Wamkela isihloko soMculi ohlonelweyo waseRashiya. Ukususela ngo-1992 ukuya ku-2014 wayengumlawuli kwi-Central Central Museum yeCinema, kunye nakwiziko lase-Eisenstein eMoscow.

Biography

Siye satsho ngokufutshane malunga noNaum Kleiman. Iinyani ezivela ebomini balo mntu wobuchule ngokulandelelana kwexesha ziya kuchazwa kamva. Wazalelwa eBessarabia, eChisinau. Kwathi ngo-1937, ngoDisemba 1. Unina weqhawe lethu livela eBolgrad, elisezantsi kwinxalenye yeBessarabia. UBawo wazalwa kwikoloni yamaYuda yeRomanovka.

Ngexesha leMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic, iqhawe lethu, kunye nonina nomama, be-Andijan ekuphumeni. Uyise wayephambi kweli xesha. Intsapho yonke yabuyela eChisinau emva kokukhululwa kwesi sixeko, ngo-1946.

Ngo-1949, kunye nabazali bakhe uNaum wabuyiselwa eSiberia ngokungenasiphelo - okokuqala waphoqeleka ukuba asebenze kwi-taiga, kamva wabuyela eGuryevsk. U-Kleiman Mendel Ikhilevich ngumkhulu wamagorha ethu. Wayexoshwa kwindawo yokuqala yokuthunjwa. Kwathi ngo-1941. Emva kweminyaka emibini wafa enkampini. Ngowe-1955 intsapho yavunyelwa ukuba ihambe kwindawo ekhethekileyo yokuhlala.

Imfundo:

U-Naum Kleiman ungumlando-mlando we-cinema, owakuqala ukukhetha izifundo zakhe zemathematika kwiYunivesithi yaseKirghiz, eFununze. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1961 waphumelela kwiCandelo lamaCinema kwiVGIK. Wafunda kwi-studio EM Smirnova no-NA Lebedev. Ndafumana umsebenzi eGosfilmofond, kwisebe lasekhaya.

Ubugcisa

UNaum Kleiman ngumcebisi wezesayensi ekwakhiweni kwimizobo ye-S. Eisenstein "I-Battleship Potemkin", "Oktobha" kunye "Ndala neNtsha". Njengomcebisi wenzululwazi kunye nomlawuli (kunye neYutkevich SI), wayebandakanyeke ekubuyiselweni kwefilimu ebonakalayo yeTeishin Meadow ebizwa ngokuthi "Bezhin Meadow".

Ngowe-1965, unyuliweyo unobhala wezesayensi kwiKhomishoni kwiLifa leCredit Creative eEisenstein. U-Naum Kleiman uthathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yeKhabhinethi ekhethekileyo yeSayensi kunye neSikhumbuzo ebizwa ngokuba ngu-Eisenstein, eyadalwa kwi-Union of Cinematographers. Wayengumgcini wakhe ngo-1967 - 1985 gg. Ukususela ngo-1992, kuze kube ngoku, uphinda ubambelele kule ndawo ebalulekileyo.

UNaum Kleiman ungomnye wabahlanganisi, kunye nabalobi bezimvo ngomsebenzi othi "Imisebenzi ekhethiweyo ye-Eisenstein." Le ncwadi yanyatheliswa kwimimiselo emithandathu ukusuka ngo-1964 ukuya ku-1971. Iqhawe lethu lafumana isikhundla seNtloko yeMyuziyamu kwiBhodi yePropaganda yeCinema ye-USSR (kamva i-VTPO "iKinotsentr"). Waba ngumqondisi weMicrosoft Museum yeCinema kwintlangano ekhankanywe ngasentla. Ukususela ngo-1992, isikhundla sakhe satshintsha kwakhona igama layo. Waba ngumqondisi we-Museum Museum yeCinema.

Ukususela ngo-1988, ungumfundisi weeNqanaba eziPhambili kubenzi befilimu kunye nabasesikrinini. Waqhelana nabaphulaphuli ngembali ye-cinema yehlabathi. Ukongeza, ngo-1990 no-1991, Waqhuba ikhosi ekhethekileyo kwi-Eisenstein yokwakha kwiYunivesithi yaseNew York. Walungiselela iisemina ngo-1994 no-1998. Umxholo wesiganeko wawuyi-aesthetics ye-intentricity kunye nomsebenzi ka-Eisenstein. Iziganeko zenzeke eBerlin. Ngenxa yeengxoxo, i-Academy yefilimu kunye neThelevishini yonyulwa. Ukongeza, wahlela iisemina eHelsinki, eTokyo, eMunich, eLos Angeles, eCalcutta naseBudapest. Umxholo walezi ganeko yimbali ye-cinema.

Usapho

UNaum Kleiman unomzalwana-uEmanuel Ikhilevich. Wazalelwa ngowe-1947 kwaye ngu-botanist waseMoldova, umfuyi, umbhali we-monograph "I-Experience". Ubumba bakhe buquka ezinye izenzo zenzululwazi. URita Yakovlevna - umfazi womntakwabo (1947-2008) - umgxeki wezobugcisa, oyingcali kwintsimi yokwakha u-FM Dostoevsky, ugqirha we-philology, intloko yeSebe leNcwadi yeChisinau Institute I. Creanga.

Ngoku makhe sithethe ngomfazi weqhawe lethu. NguRumyantseva Alevtina Alekseevna. Wazalelwa ngowe-1929, wafa ngo-2011.

Awards

UNaum Kleiman wanikezwa umvuzo we-FIPRESCI kwi-1987 yaseMoscow Film Festival. Ngelo xesha wafumana ibhaso kwinqaku malunga neKhokhlova. Ngowe-1992, iFransi yanikezwa i-Order of Arts. Ngo-1993 wathola i-Felix Award ehloniphekileyo evela kwi-European Film Academy. Ngowe-1994 wanikwa umthendeleko wefilimu ongenanto, owawubanjelwa ePordenone. Wafumana apho umvuzo weJean Mitri. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuthatha inxaxheba kweqhawe lethu ekubuyiselweni kwefilimu kwaphawulwa. Ngo-1995 wanikezelwa iMedal Medal. Ngaloo ndlela, igalelo lakhe ekuqiniseni ubudlelwane benkcubeko kunye nolwalamano nabantu baseJamani babonwabisayo. Ngo-1997, wanikezwa umvuzo wabahlaziyi beRussia ngomsebenzi wakhe kwincwadi ethi "Izikhumbuzo" nguS. E. Eisenstein - ukubhala, ukubhala inqaku lokuqala kunye nokuphawula. Ngo-1998, i-critic critic yafumana ibhaso kwi-"White Columns" umthendeleko we-State Film Fund yaseRashiya. Ngo-2002 wanikezelwa i-Order of Academic Palms eFransi. Ngo-2003 wanikezelwa uMnqamlezo weCavalier we-Order of Merit yeRiphabhliki yasePoland.

Iincwadi ezikhethiweyo

Ngowe-1987, umsebenzi weqhawe lethu, elinesihloko esithi "Masiqale NgePushkin", yapapashwa. Ngumlobi weencwadi ezilandelayo: "Inkunzi Ekhukhulayo", "Master's feat", "I-Cinema", "I-Eccentric", "Ngeli nqaku", "Iinjongo ezingagqibekanga", "Ukuqulunqwa kwefilimu", "Iprojekthi yethu", "iNational", " I-Theory Probability "," Isizukulwana ". "I-Eisenstein namhlanje", "Khangela iLanga", "iMemoirs", "I-Formula yokugqibela", "iNdlu", "iBezhin Meadow", "iCaucasian Cycles", "Yiyiphi imizekelo".

Ngoku uyazi ukuba ngubani uNaum Kleiman, iifoto zale mntu wokudala ziqhotyoshelwe kule ngcaciso. Ubomi bakhe kunye nempumelelo yokudala ingabizwa ngokugqwesileyo.