Umqambi Vasily Andreev

Umqambi Vasily Andreev wazalwa ngo-1861 kwintsapho zorhwebo. Akazange abe umrhwebi, waza waba nomdla umculo. Enkosi kuye, bekukho abafundi befashoni for Russian izixhobo zomculo womthonyama, eziye amkelwa yimiphakathi nokwamkelwa kwi vavasati eqongeni. Andreev wayengekho nje umqambi, kodwa lomququzeleli kwaye ndikhuthaze ubugcisa.

Virtuoso and umhlaziyi

okhestra wakhe wokuqala Vasily Andreev kwasekwa eSt Petersburg. Oku kuquka abalandeli nelomrhubhe, zhaleek, amagubu kunye nezinye izixhobo zomculo womthonyama. Ikonsathi Orchestra saa kulo lonke uyithandayo lizwe ekudlaleni balalaika. Vasily Andreev ngokwakhe kakuhle kakuhle isixhobo.

eneneni umqambi udale ummandla entsha ubuchule zomculo, eyaziwa abantu Russian zobugcisa isisixhobo yesiko ebhaliweyo. Kwaba ihlanganiswa zombini izinto lobungcali zemfundo emveli. Ngako oko ke kuthathwa a unique konke akwenzileyo Vasily Andreev. Umqambi sacinga yokudala uhlobo olutsha art zomculo asiyi kuba kwaoko, nangona balalaika wayeyithanda naye ukususela ebuntwaneni. Uninzi zonke ethanda besandi ezikhethekileyo esixhobo kunye neendlela zayo nokubulawa.

Vasily Andreev - umqambi, azakubalulwa azahlulele yenzondelelo ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso zabo. Kwelinye icala, waba yokusebenza virtuoso live, yaye kwelinye - a theoretician onengqondo, owabhala inani elikhulu amanqaku neencwadi kwisihloko yakhe ayithandayo.

balalaika lokuqala chromatic

Nangona Vasily Andreev ezizodwa ngo abantu umculo, impembelelo iye yaba nomculo wezifundo. Iminyaka emithathu wafunda ivayolin, ukuthatha izifundo ukusuka umqhubi obalaseleyo kunye violin Nikolaya Galkina, unjingalwazi owayesakuba kwi-St Petersburg Conservatory. Kungenxa yoko le nto Andreev ekuhambeni kwexesha wafaka ngakumbi iimfuno balalaika ngqo isixhobo ekonsathini. Ungqameko Mobile modal ukunika isikali diatonic. Umqambi wasebenzisa esisigxina ngento efanayo chromatic. Waba iindlela zokusebenza wenguquko.

Ngowe-1887, kunye ne-master onesiphiwo Franz Paserbskim Andreev wadala balalaika lokuqala chromatic. Isixhobo nangoko ndizuze udumo. Ehlotyeni le nyaka ethi "balalaika School". isampuli Paserbskogo waba esisiseko kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke ityala ubomi Andreeva. Kuba okokuqala kwakukho balalaika, elaba isixhobo wezifundo, yaye igcine iimpawu zayo lwemveli eqhelekileyo (inani strings, kumgangatho olunxantathu, ubuchule zidlala, system). Naziphi na amathuba ilifa yakhe yamandulo somculo.

popularization of balalaika

Enyanisweni Andreev wanika ilizwe balalaika ngendlela ophezulu kunye nokuphucuka. Phambi kolu hlanga yesi sixhobo Imvelaphi yayo ngenkcazo, yaye ngoku sele ibe kazwelonke kunye nokuba ukwabiwa abaninzi. Iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa le nto ukhetheke kwimbali yomculo.

Kwiminyaka nje elishumi, le balalaika uye apho ezinye izixhobo, efunekayo kwiinkulungwane. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane xxi eRashiya kukho malunga nama-200 000 (kulo mzekelo e St. Petersburg, kukho malunga 65 eliwaka).

Benefits model Andreev

Sisixhobo Vasily Andreev wabhala amanqaku amaninzi kwaye udale indlela entsha yolawulo, wazimisela befashoni lomculo ngexesha lakhe. balalaika New kuye kwaphuculwa ukuze ukuba iye ezingabizi kakhulu ngakumbi uphuhliso lokuqala kwaba bantu batsha. sound imvakalozwi wakhe isandi enomahluko sonorous ngaphezu langaphambili.

Form balalaika baba ngakumbi lula, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, compact ngakumbi. Benefits Awaphazamisani kwisixhobo ihlala cheap kwaye lula ukuvelisa. Kufanelekile ngokulinganayo zombini olusondeleyo iingoma esizwe ombambazelayo yaye bengqungqa for ukucaphuka. Wokuhlangana zonke ezi iingenelo itsala abathanda abaninzi abafuna ukufunda ezibonakala unknown umculo wabo.

Ukuvela orchestra

Emva kokuba imbonakalo balalaika omtsha chromatic Andreev wafumana inani elikhulu labafundi. Zona, kunye notitshala wabo ukwenza ethandwayo St. Petersburg Orchestra (kombhalo wokuqala - 8). ikhonsati yakhe yokuqala yaqhutywa ngoMatshi 20, 1888. Lo mhla - umhla wokuzalwa iokhestra izixhobo zomculo womthonyama Russian.

izixhobo iqela ziye zenze yaye ukwahlukana ecacileyo yokusebenza (ihambisana imisindo, bass, uncuthu). Balalaika edlalwa ngazwinye. Kamva, ngowe-1890, iokhestra liye lakhula kubantu-16.

Ukusasazwa kwenkcazelo umculo empini

Uqhelene sisixhobo Vasily Andreev wabhala imidlalo, omculo wadala waza wabhala incwadi, asifanele silibale ukuba igalelo elibonakalayo kwimpumelelo yayo wenza iphulo nobuchule ukukhuthaza balalaika. Waziwa kwikomkhulu, umqambi bahlela izangqa weendawo emkhosini. Yena (kwaye zichanekile) ukuba exhaphaza abuyele kwiindawo zabo amajoni iya kulinywa kunye nabahlobo kunye nothando usapho balalaika.

Ngoko ke iilali, imizi-mveliso i ukuvuseleleka lwemveli, kwaye iyaxela ebanzi ezithandwayo wafumana imfundo buciko umculo. Sele ubuncinane oko kwabeMi iimvumi enkulu yiEnlightenment kuthatha indawo Ufanele Vasily Andreev. Ukudlala umqambi yaziwa, esetyenziswa yi kwalo njenge ekrwada ukuba uqeqesho lwabo eziphathekayo.

Ngowe-1897, Andreev wenza ekumiselweni ootitshala ukufundisa bomkhosi, benza nokukhuthazwa umdlalo phezu balalaika. amajoni abaninzi bafunda umqambi, wadlala kwi Mariinsky Theatre. Ekonsathini elungiselelwe kwiqela engama Andreeva 10, waya iokhestra, olu sapho lwaluquka 380 balalaika.

Kodwa musa ukucinga ukuba umbutho woqeqesho ukuze babe elula umqambi ngoku. Ekuqaleni, kwafuneka ukuba aye kulwa sama ngokwemimiselo kwaye emkhosini kwiiofisi, bangamalungu izixhobo kazwelonke kunye eninzi ucalucalulo nokudelelwa.

abafundi umqambi

Kulandela St. Petersburg Orchestra Andreeva kwilizwe lonke yaqala ukuvela bands efanayo, begxininisa ngo abantu umculo Russian. Isixeko lwesibini kwisangqa entsha abalandeli umdlalo kwi balalaika waba eMoscow.

Landiswa kunye okhestra eSt Andrew kaThixo, olu sapho lwaluquka abafundi abaninzi abazinikeleyo umqambi. Edume kakhulu phakathi kwabo baphumelela UNikolai Fomin. Wafunda e St. Petersburg Conservatory yaye bazisa isangqa ezongezelelweyo zemfundo kunye nobuchwepheshe. Fomin waba yimbangi uninzi ebhaliwe kunye namalungiselelo neengoma intsomi Russian for okhestra. imisebenzi yakhe ngokukhawuleza babe yamandulo. Kakade ekubeni Fomina abachaphazelekayo kwaye Vasily Andreev. "Meteor", "Faun" kunye neminye imisebenzi yakhe saba esisebenzayo izizukulwana ezininzi iimvumi.

Andreev and domra

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, yena wayeka ukwanelisa iyunifom besandi Andreyev Balalaika Orchestra. Uve ngathi isandi ayikho ezahlukeneyo ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, umqambi waqala ukwazisa kwi okhestra zonke izixhobo zakhe elitsha. Baye banceda ukuvuselela inkqubo yekonsathi ngeendleko imisebenzi enzulu classical zemfundo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ukwandiswa repertoire iokhestra Andreev wakhuthaza amanani amaninzi adumileyo zobugcisa Russian kwexesha. Balalaika umculo Yahendeka kude hayi iimvumi kuphela. Ngoko ke, walondoloza imbalelwano Andreev artist omkhulu Iley Repinym.

Efuna efanelekileyo ukuze ngokutsha izixhobo zomculo womthonyama Russian, Andreev wagqiba kwelokuba sibuyele umtya kunye ngeminwe domra. Umbuzo lwezincedisi zayo koko kuphikiswana. Andreev wafumana "indlalifa" sele kudala shwaka a Appliances ebanzi dobro in balalaika vyat. osemqoka zazo zithwala yaba umzimba ngeenxa (ngaphandle nxantathu "Classic").

Kuba Ziziphi izixhobo Vasily Andreev wabhala le midlalo? Inkoliso yemisebenzi yakhe owadala balalaika. Noko ke, umqambi yenze lukhulu ukuba ithandwe kunye nezinye izixhobo. Umzekelo dobro kule ndlela, kakhulu kukhombisa. Kutsha nje, Andreev wafumana umthombo entsha iintlobo wehle ngenxa nelalo izixhobo zomculo womthonyama Russian.

update orchestra

dobro Okokuqala kwiisampuli Vyatka yenziwa ngehlobo lowe-1896. Emva nokongeza kwikonsathi okhestra eSt Andrew kaThixo uqambe Russian Omkhulu. Umqambi lichaza izizathu ukuvela kweempawu entsha wayekunye nabafundi basebenzisa izixhobo mava kuphela kumantla yaye central mizila lizwe. Ngelo xesha kwi okhestra wabonakala kuqala ngokutsha isigcina uhadi.

Ukongeza balalaika, Vasily Andreev ukususela ebuntwaneni Ndandiyithanda harmonica. Kwesi sixhobo, ungunobangela a besebancinane kakhulu. Ekhaya Marino kunye Umqambi harmonic ngokufuthi waphumla emva gig elide. Ekuqaleni, iokhestra mzuzu rhoqo amanani kwi isixhobo kunye balalaika. Nge Vasily Andreev harmonics wadlala emsebenzini kunye eneenkcukacha. Ngelo sakudala xesha omnye Orchestra Enkulu Russian esi sixhobo okanye hayi. Isibakala sokuba harmonica uhlobene ngakumbi ingoma ezidolophini, lo gama Andreev (ngokuba bonke uthando lwakhe kuye) azama ukuvuselela i ezinawo ngaphambili lwemveli.

imisebenzi womculo

"Iinkumbulo Vienna", "Faun", "Butterfly" Polonaise №1 - oku uluhlu olupheleleyo ngemisebenzi, nto leyo kuxhaswe yi Vasily Andreev. "Orchid" Kwakhona kakuhle eyaziwa repertory inani le Orchestra Great Russian. Nkqu amaqela abantu mihla kuqhubeka ephumeza inkqubo yokuqulunqwa koMthetho ngoma "ebusuku", wadala ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo umqambi.

Vasily Andreev wabhala imidlalo instrumental ezimibalabala, eqaqambileyo phezu uhadi kwaye ethandwa phakathi abaphulaphuli kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ziye ke bathanda ukuba aqhelane nentsomi okhestra entsha inkcubeko onke amalungu amatsha ashushu.

tour

kuqamba instrumental eqokelelwe Andreev, wanceda wayendibonisa nkqu abaqambi eyaziwa zemfundo. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Andreev nempembelelo Lusuka opera yakhe malunga kwisixeko Kitezh. Sam ze balalaika kunye nezinye izixhobo zomculo womthonyama, iyakwamkela ingcamango kokuqamba khe elitsha imisebenzi ezinkulu-isikali iokhestra ngayo.

Ukuba abasebenzi ethandwayo Andreeva zaqala Ikonsathi kungekuphela eRashiya kodwa phesheya. ngomdlalo Great Orchestra Russian ziye wathengisa eJamani, eFransi, iMelika kunye England. A Kwimeko apho umqambi Italian Ruggero Leoncavallo wala ukuya eBerlin for "Pagliacci" Opera iphambili abakhe ukuze ngaxeshanye ukuya ekonsathini Vasily.

Andreev de kwiminyaka yakutshanje wahlala inkqenkqeza odlamkileyo nangokuzinikela. Emva kokuba Revolution, iMfazwe Civil waqalisa, kwaye umqambi waya phambi eekonsathi. ukusebenza kwakhe baye kuthandwa omkhulu phakathi Red Army. Ngexesha elinye Ikonsathi lwenziwa yi Vasily Andreev engqeleni isuti ukukhanya wagula kakhulu. Kuye wathunyelwa Petrograd. Wafa ngoDisemba 26, 1918. Ingcwaba Andreev isendleleni Umqambi Tikhvin Amangcwaba, apho kulala amanani edume ngobugcisa zomculo.