Umbhali uRobert Graysmith kunye umbulali uWele Zodiac

Kwenzeka ukuba nembali ngonaphakade liqhakamshelene igama Greysmita umbulali ebandayo serial uWele zolwaphulo Zodiac. Kakade ke, nje kwenzeka: kunokuthiwa ukuba ngenxa kobokuqala woopopayi mthetho waba ngumbhali. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-mabini, uye kuyasetyenzwa oluninzi eziphathekayo ukuze kufutshane ukubhengezwa ingubani le ndoda ngenkohlakalo. Yaye njengokuba kunjalo ezulu yenye yezona obufihlakeleyo engekasonjululwa amapolisa US mthetho, uRobert Graysmith, ochithe iminyaka elishumi yobomi bakhe isifundo izibakala tyala, wagqiba ukubhala ngalo.

Incwadi yokuqala "Zodiac" yapapashwa ngo-1986 waza waba ethengwa yesizwe. Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi impumelelo umbhali ubhale iinoveli mthetho eziliqela, kodwa hayi bonke bephela zafunyanwa kakuhle ngokucacileyo abagxeki.

Ngo-2007, incwadi ethi "Zodiac" yathathwa. Yalathisa umboniso wegama elifanayo waba uDavide Fincher.

ulwaphulo-mthetho engekasonjululwa

Xa gqira ongasekhoyo San Francisco, California, kwaye iye wawuxhokonxa uthotho ukubulala zenkohlakalo obenziwe umoni, owasebenzisa okudlala "Zodiac." Nangona Robert Graysmith wayesebenza woopopayi kwi "San Francisco Chronicle". A isici esasenza ababulali zombhalo iileta wathumela abapapashi kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni emva kokuba ulwaphulo-mthetho. Baya Zodiac ingxelo ulwazi malunga ngokwayo yaye injongo, kunye cryptographers best wayesebenza kule tekisi. Graysmith waza waba nomdla ngokwenzeka mthetho Zodiac ekhowudiweyo, ekholelwa ukuba amapolisa enza ngokwaneleyo.

Oku sahlutha abarhanelwa, kodwa imikhondo kunye nobungqina kwaye ngokwaneleyo ukufumana ngumtyholwa lokwenyaniso. Ukuzingelwa umbulali yaqala kubacuphi, amateurs, nayo ekwakukho phakathi kwabo kwakukho woopopayi yezopolitiko uRobert Graysmith. Amapolisa athi le okubulala ezintlanu kunye nokubulawa zombini obenziwe umbulali Zodiac xa wayesithi, nasezincwadini zakhe, nto leyo ngesandla sakhe, ebulala abantu ubuncinane 37. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, nangona imigudu enyanisekileyo amapolisa kunye abaphandi zabucala, ngubani umbulali khange ziveziwe. Eli tyala lolwaphulo Kusekho isihloko anayo US nokunyanzeliswa komthetho.

ayewenza

Xa cofa kwafika ukukhankanywa yokuqala negeza lowo endaweni kumantla e-California, woopopayi ngempumelelo uRobert Graysmith, ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-25 ubudala, akazange acinge ukutshintsha imisebenzi yabo. Kodwa xa kwacaca ukuba amapolisa weza ngxi kunye nophando, Graysmith, efana nabanye abaninzi, wagqiba ukuzibandakanya unobangela umbulali ukubanjwa. Yena ngoko wendele kuphando, ukuba uphulukene umdla ebomini babo njengesiqhelo.

URobert wahlala iintsuku imiyalezo ifihliwe zipapashwa kumaphepha-ndaba, zisonqena isikhululo samapolisa ngethemba ukufumana ubuncinane ulwazi, kwaye oku phithi bubutshintshe kanjani ubomi lobuqu Greysmita: umtshato wakhe eyonakele kwi ezivuzayo. Kamva, kudliwano-ndlebe ukuba umbhali kamabonwakude wathi ukuba uphando esinzulu enjalo zolwaphulo ezulu wabaqhuba amapolisa umsebenzi elidangeleyo kule meko. Zonke zicinezelwa nkqu ngaphakathi kumasebe, singasathethi ke kwegunya ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye ngoko Robert ugqibe ukuba asungule uphando njengomntu zabucala wathetha kumaxhoba, xa kuthelekiswa iinkcukacha ndiyihlanganise zonke iinkcukacha eziphosiweyo ngamapolisa. Ekhumbula incoko yakhe kunye namapolisa, wathi uRobert Graysmith: "Zodiac - lo mthetho lowo kunqwenelwa udumo, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya ubonakala njengeqela elinomdla onqwenela ukunceda uphando."

umsolwa Prime

Greysmita amagama azisuswanga kakhulu, kodwa ke intsimi lwembono amagosa nokunyanzeliswa komthetho ngo-1971 waba mnye Arthur Leigh Allen, abaxhaphazayo enetyala umntwana. Umhlobo wakhe waxelela amapolisa ukuba ngenjongo yokuba benza zolwaphulo Alain izizathu efanayo Zodiac, ukongeza, Arthur wavuma ukuba abantu bakhe okukruqulayo abatsha ukuba umhlala-phantsi ukulungiselela ukuqeshwa. Amapolisa ayazi ukuba Zodiac ngokusisiseko nje wahlasela wadubula izibini ezinjalo.

Kuphando elandelayo, amapolisa of San Francisco kunye Vallejo ezincina itreyila, ephethwe yi Allen, kodwa abaphandi ayikwazanga ukufumana ubungqina onxulumanisa Allen mthetho Zodiac. Nangona yokuba ezandleni amapolisa wambamba umbulali yaye kushicilelwa iisampuli ukubila kwakhe nefoni, uviwo lwe DNA ngoko aziphelelanga, awaba nako ukungqina nantoni na.

"Zodiac", uRobert Graysmith: enesiqulatho emfutshane incwadi

Isifundo yamacala Zodiac wathabatha iminyaka elishumi yobomi Greysmita. Wagqiba ukuba abantu banelungelo lokwazi inyaniso ngale meko. Oku yindlela ethi "Zodiac" ngo-1986. Wakhonza ngokohlobo amanqaku amaxwebhu ibalisa zonke kobunzima amapolisa kunye nombhali uzama ukufumana umbulali. Kuba umfundi uya kuba nomdla isiphelo le ncwadi, yaye, ukukhangela phambili, kufuneka sithi uluvo lwakhe ichazwe ngale ndlela ilandelayo umbhali uRobert Graysmith: ". Zodiac kunjalo ichongiwe, kodwa ayesohlwaywa emhlabeni nobulungisa yasezulwini" Imveliso ngohlobo lobuntatheli bokuphanda zonke izibakala, kuquka incwadi ezulu, kwaye izigqibo ekufikelelwe uphando, yaye ubeka phambili ingongoma yakhe imbono ngokuqhubekayo. Nangona abagxeki baphikisa umbhali wamkhanyela ukuchana izicatshulwa ezinye ngumbulali oonobumba, abaphulaphuli baqala le ncwadi.

Robert Graysmith, "Zodiac": ncomo

Ngokutsho abafundi, imveliso Greysmita ngokuqinisekileyo sifanele ingqalelo, kunye nemigqaliselo yokuba le ncwadi akusingisi kokhona betyhafile kwentliziyo. Uphawula ukuchaneka, ngokoqobo yaye sizibambe nokungeniswa izibakala ezifanayo ulwimi owomileyo wokugcwalisa kwiibhokisi ngayo ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho. Kwakhona abafundi kulibonakalisa kuzisola yabo kungekho inguqulelo Russian sesibini incwadi umbhali, eyayinikelwe unobangela lasezulwini, apho umbhali uveza uqikelelo zakhe malunga ityala.