Ukuqokelelwa inkulu ehlabathini yobugcisa Russian - i-Russian Museum (imizobo)

Ekuqaleni, lo Russian Museum, imizobo nenika ukuqokelelwa inkulu ehlabathini yobugcisa Russian, wakhawulwa abe yingqokelela iinkosi kuphela Russian.

iqalwa

Museum yasekwa ngengqibo uNicholas II ngo-1895, yaye wafumana itayitile 'Russian Museum loMlawuli Alexander III ». Kutheni? Ngenxa ingcamango yokuba indalo yayo obuphezu eyaziwa ngokuba Alexander wakhe yobuzwe Alexandrovich Romanov. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, wagqiba ukuthenga ngaphandle inzala ka uMikhail Pavlovich Romanov Mikhailovsky Palace, njengoko omkhulu-abazukulwana nguPawulos I bezisoloko abemi Germany neRashiya wabopha nempahla yabo kuphela. Alexander III wafa ngo-1894, yaye ngowe-1895 Nicholas II, ngubani ekuzalisekeni ukuthanda kayise, bathenga ubuncwane ebhotwe nisekelwe imyuziyam Russian. Mizobo kuba zifunyenwe ezivela koovimba eziliqela Russian.

Wemvula lokuqala

Eli nani likhulu mizobo anikwe Russian Academy of Arts kunye Hermitage, ngokulandelelana, 122 kunye nemizobo 80. Ukusuka Winter kunye iingxande ezimbini ipoma (Gatchina noAlesandire) bafumana imisebenzi 95. Russian Museum, ogama imizobo emnyango ngokubanzi malunga nonyaka baba units 445, 148 imizobo efunyenwe lweengqokelela zabucala. Eyona inkulu ingeniso enikiweyo inzala AB Lobanov-Rostovsky, uzowenza Russian, inkosana umkhaya weza evela Rurik, kunye M. K. Tenishevoy, Princess, umxhasi, leyo ngokwayo amagcisa lwawo. Ingcamango ngokudala museum yobugcisa Russian uwe kakhulu ukuya ngokuthanda abalandeli zobugcisa, ukuba ubukho bayo ingqokelela kabili kweminyaka eli-10. mali idiphozithi ngenxa zombini le mali i lezeMali ukulungiselela le njongo, yaye ngenxa iminikelo.

Encomekayo okungenani polity

Kwiminyaka yokuqala emva myuziyam lakhula ngokukhawuleza ngeendleko lweengqokelela zabucala uhulumeni. I-Russian Museum, ekupeyinteni safika amanani amakhulu ngenxa umsebenzi apho yayikhona ukususela ngowe-1921 ukuya 1928 kaRhulumente Fund Museum. Ngoko ke, ngo-1925, i-imizobo ezikuqokelelo kulo myuziyam yayisele 3648. Kumele kuphawulwe ukuba ebudeni beminyaka yemfazwe kwaye kwafa ayindikhathazi nokuba enye ikopi Paintings kulo myuziyam zigcinwe emagumbini yasuswa ukusuka ngaphezulu kwama-7.5 amawaka. In Perm. Kuyo yonke iminyaka ngokubakho abahlali uthando elikhetheke ngokwenene imyuziyam Russian kwi Neva. St. Petersburg umfanekiso amaziko yabo edumileyo kusoloko waqokelela engcono. Yena wayenako, ukuba likomkhulu umbuso omkhulu sisityebi. I Hermitage yenye 10 best yeemyuziyam ehlabathini. Kodwa ke complex, isakhiwo engundoqo leyo ibekwe esizikithini kwikomkhulu ngasemntla, eweni le Griboyedov Canal, Ukwakha 2, akasayi alelwe nawaphi na nodumo lonke nengqalelo, okanye uthando bonke baseRashiya.

Le ukufunyaniswa edume

Russian Museum, apho imifanekiso benza njalo kakuhle yaziwa? Ekubeni lokuvula ngoMatshi 1898 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje zenza isiseko wokwamkelwa kwakhe kuqala. Ingakumbi ungakwazi ukwahlula imisebenzi Karla Bryullova evela Hermitage Umzobo, I. I. ivanova, F. A UBruni and I. K. Ayvazovskogo. Ngobuncwane njenge "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii" okanye "I weThoba Wave", kuphela uphupha yengqwebo yehlabathi ya vutshila.

Argunova Imizobo awufi kunye Levitsky, Venetsianov kunye Kiprensky, Tropinin kunye fedotov wavela Academy of Arts. Akukho ngomzobi Russian, ogama imisebenzi ngebengabanga i-Russian Museum. Imizobo Aivazovsky ezithi ndawonye kwiholo inani 9 - ngomnye wababhali eyintloko minikelo.

Aivazovsky - enye zingazizinto enkulu isithsaba

Phakathi mizobo yehlabathi nokubhengezwa ngomzobi zaselwandle ukuqokelela i-Russian Museum kwaye kukho ngelaphu apho kuboniswa uYuda ukungcatshwa ngexesha uKristu kubo. Kukho elihle kakhulu iphiko, kukho iimbono mihle ka ntshava. Kodwa, Kakade ke, intle uninzi imizobo yakhe eyayinikelwe elwandle; kwiBaltic kunye lweMeditera. Nangaliphi na ixesha lemini, kwaye xa inyanga kunye eliqaqambileyo blinding kwelanga - ulwandle Aivazovsky omhle. Kwi-Russian Museum Ukukhetha elimangalisayo yemisebenzi yakhe; ulwandle sisaqhwithi, kunye nokuzola epheleleyo, inqanawa etshona axinekileyo kwaye ngokuziqhenya emi iindlela, schooner ulilolo kwaye yonke butho, dvadtsatipushechnye iinqanawa zokuloba - Mariny Ayvazovskogo ezikhethekileyo, unique, okumnandi, kwaye abo iqashiso. Ngokwahlukeneyo, uyakwazi ukuthetha iseyile, abasa yi ilanga kwiikona ezahlukeneyo, kufutshane kwaye ikhoyo.

Umphezulu bobuchule

Xa iyonke, i Museum Russian kubekwe imizobo ezingaphezu kwama-20 kulo mculi enkulu, eyaziwa ilifa layo elikhulu. St. Petersburg Museum inalo "shaft lesithoba". Le ngelaphu kaHomer, zipeyintwe 1850, lelona ukupeyinta edume umculi. Enye mizobo kakhulu ethandwa kwimizobo Russian, leyo kuthiwa, nokuba limangalisa, Mabakhuthazwe ukuba babhale imibongo ayikho imbongi, ngaphakathi kunye nangaphandle. Ezithandwa kakhulu ezi ndinyana ebhalwe Baratynsky phantsi umbono lo wobugcisa. Nokulatyuza kolwandle imbongi wayingcwalisayo uthe migca ilandelayo: "... umhlaba uyanyikima phambi kwakhe, yena lisithe isibhakabhaka ngamaphiko enkulu ..."