Ubuntu ngokwe Freud. imithetho

Freudianism, njengoko kwicala engqondweni luqokelelane kwinkulungwane yama-20, nangona psychoanalysis khona ngaphambili. Nabani na onomdla kule khosi, kufuneka wazi ukuba kukho isakhiwo ubuntu ngokwe Freud. Enyanisweni, kule kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

Incwadi uSigmund Freud kaThixo "Mna Laze" inika ucazululo olunzulu into echazwe isakhiwo nganye. Zonke ezintathu zazo:

• Eid (okanye "Kubhaliwe") - inxalenye yokuqala psyche yethu. "Yena" ukhokelwa 'neminqweno yethu asezantsi kakhulu kunye neemfuno ephambili "- uSigmund Freud uyachaza. usana psychology umntwana nje ekuqaleni Eid. Oko kukuthi, de uyazi ukuba kukho ukuziphatha, yokuziphatha, ikhowudi yokuziphatha, yena olulawulwa nethuku kuphela isilwanyana. Isakhiwo ubuntu njengako Freud lubonisa ugqaliselo amandla ngokwesondo kwi element id. Bobabini abantwana bazalwa kuphela ukuba nilime kakhulu. De ukuthi kuziveza xa umntwana yadika ubisi sikanina, kwakunye nezinye izinto ezincinane zobomi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe apha ekuqaleni ebomini ngumnqweno asexually (oko kukuthi, umntu akayiqondi okanye bebonakala ukuba ngokwesondo, yesazisi isini okanye abanye).
• Ego (okanye "I"). Kuyinto i imeko eliphakathi yesazisi kunye super-ukuzigwagwisa. ubuntu njengako Freud ayiniki ixabiso ngqo kwephakade eli xa umba kufuneka aqale ukuthatha imilo. Ngokomzekelo, abantwana baqala ukuthetha uhambe ngenye indlela kwaye ego kubonakala ngamnye. Lwaba ethetha, le nkqubo ibonakala xa umntwana engena yobudala abazi. Abazali mxelele ukuba aye kwigumbi langasese, kufuneka uhlale phezu ipoti. Okanye ukuba akhombe ngomnwe kwindawo zabantu. Amaxesha amaninzi umntwana akayiqondi kutheni kufuneka ke ukuba ukuthobela nayiphi na imigaqo - kweli thuba ke ekulweni Id linamandla Ego.

• Superego ( "superego"). Xeshanye lonke womntwana ngasentla azi ungubani ngokwesini. Kwelinye icala, akazange athandabuze, kunye nenye - ubona isizathu sokuba nekratshi. It uqalisa ukwakha ubuni bakhe, kodwa phantse lonk 'njengokubonisa (ngokohlobo ukuphulula) kukho ingcinezelo kakhulu kwaye angakholiswa kubazali. Ukongeza, umntwana uqala ukuchonga nomnye wabazali. Zingqondweni umnqweno ombulo, kwakunye waxakwa ukwenza umntwana ukuba amkele zonke iimpawu yabazali, indlela yabo yokuziphatha. Amakhwenkwe ngexesha ukubabela esifanayo ukuba abe nguyise wabo, kunye namantombazana - njengomama. Ngenxa yoko kukho ukuyilwa super-ukuzigwagwisa.

Yaba esemncinane ludlala ongumzekelo indima enkulu yokuziphatha yabazali, imikhwa yabo kunye nendlela yokunxibelelana umntwana. Ukongeza, ixabiso, koko, kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba impembelelo yoluntu. Iimpawu yokuziphatha Obumbe umntwana ngeli xesha, ziya kuba sisiseko yobuntu bakhe ubomi. kunqabile kakhulu, bona lunokuxhomekeka ukutshintsha, nokuba abazi. Super-Ego - kuba nayo isazela. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu kunene iindlela zemfundo kubantwana abancinci.

Zonke ezi zinto ezikhoyo ngokunxulumene olusondeleyo nabanye. Injalo isakhiwo ubuntu ngokwe Freud.