Syndrome Down: iimpawu e kubelekwa, ingakumbi baphethwe kwegazi

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Down kaThixo syndrome - lo sifo kakhulu rhoqo. Isiseko sale sifo kuzinza kude ngexesha lokusekwa iqanda okanye isidoda. Umntwana oye wafumana ingxaki, unesethi eyahlukileyo kancinane zofuzo. Yena engaqhelekanga. Ukuba usana eziqhelekileyo zofuzo-46, umntwana-ndinyuka - 47.

ingozi

Ubangelwa sifo Kungenjalo ziqondwa ngokupheleleyo. Noko ke, oogqirha ehlabathini lonke aye isigqibo linye. Bathi ukuba abadala mfazi azale, kungona umngcipheko ukuzalwa komntwana nesi sifo. Xa ngesondo, ubudala lo mntwana kunye nokusingqongileyo ephilileyo kayise ngabantu semxholweni.

Iminyaka yobudala kakhulu yingozi abafazi - emva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesihlanu. Amathuba kokuzalwa kosana kunye nenani engalunganga zofuzo linyuke izihlandlo eziliqela. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa iintsapho ukuba sele unayo i "usana enelanga." Iimpawu syndrome Down kaThixo xa umntwana osanda sabonakala esibelekweni. Ngelo kwiveki weshumi lokukhulelwa ultrasound ukuze ubonise ukungaqheleki. Kodwa akukho siqinisekiso sokuba umntwana oya kuzalwa mpilweni. iziphumo ezichanekileyo kuphela kwaziwa emva kokuzalwa. Kodwa ke oko akwanelanga. Ukuze uqinisekise uxilongo okanye bucala, kufuneka benze uhlolo ezizodwa. iimpawu zangaphandle Down syndrome sosana azisoloko ubungqina lusenokungamkelwa.

Down syndrome: nemiqondiso kubelekwa

Igama elithi "syndrome" amayeza ludibaniso iimpawu, oko kuvela xa imeko ezithile zabantu. Ngowe-1866, isazinzulu nogqirha Dzhon Daun zib isethi iimpawu kwiqela labantu nesi sifo. Imbeko lo mntu kuthiwa onaso.

Amaninzi, iimpawu Down syndrome kwi elibonakalayo sosana ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa. Aba bantwana, ngelishwa, bazalwa rhoqo. Kuba zonke kubelekwa ezilikhulu kukho umntwana omnye Down syndrome. Kulo mzekelo, uninzi lwabantwana iimpawu ezifanayo ebonakalayo:

• Ujongene a flat kancinane kwaye atshabalalisa. It has intloko imile ngokufanayo.
• Esikhumbeni entanyeni goca imikhondo.
• Kukho kwezihlunu lifinyele.
• Ilizwi umntwana liqatywe elibhalwe ngokumileyo, kunye neekona zabo abavuki. Senziwe "esibayeni Mongolian", okanye ekuthiwa-ijwabu wesithathu.
• Imilenze mfutshane kakhulu umntwana, xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abantwana.
• Anakho amalungu ezinokususwa kakhulu.
• Iminwe ubude enye, ngoko kubonakala ibanzi kwaye iflethi namasundu.
• Lo mntwana ebudodeni encinane. amavila livela kaninzi kunye nobudala.

It luphawulwa iimpawu ezinjalo Down syndrome. Phantse yonke imiqondiso ezinxulumene deformation intamo kunye neempawu zobuso, kwakunye ukuphazamiseka ngethambo kunye inyama kwezihlunu. Noko ke, zikho nezinye iimpawu. Ukuba zenzeke alufane.

zesifo azixhaphakanga

Down syndrome (iimpawu xa kuzalwa bavame kwangethuba ebuntwaneni) ukuba yintoni na unobangela, egxininisa nakwezinye iimo ezalathayo. Phakathi kwabo:

1. emlonyeni ezincinane kunye arcuate inkalakahla elimxinwa.
2. Amandla tone ulwimi: kuyo rhoqo kuphuma emlonyeni wakhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko ube nezibaya zemihlambi.
3. isilevu ezincinane kunye nempumlo elifutshane ibhulorho ebanzi ngeempumlo.
4. intamo emfutshane.
5. Ezintendeni abanokwenza ndezela tye.
6. Nakubhontsi ibekwe kude kakhulu ukusuka kwelinye. Yaye unyawo ngaphantsi esibayeni apho.

Le miqondiso Down syndrome xa kuzalwa angavela ngoko nangoko, kodwa njengoko ikhula. Hi ndlela leyi, kunye ubudala umntwana kaninzi Ingxaki iqala kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Into sikakrebe ngokubonwa

Nkqu mpawu zingentla akusoloko ukuqinisekisa ukuba usana Down engqondweni. Iimpawu kwiintsana ukuze nje ibonakale ngokucacileyo. Oogqirha nokuxilonga umahluko kwakhona yangaphakathi ukuba ayikwazi ukubonwa ngoko nangoko xa kuzalwa usana. Kwixesha elizayo, oogqirha kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• zesifo;
• leukemia naso;
• cataract kunye nobudala amatshatshazi umfundi;
• isakhiwo okungaqhelekanga kwesifuba;
• izifo wokugaya kunye neenkqubo womchamo.

Bonke uyakwazi ukuthetha malunga ukungaqheleki chromosomal. Ezo mpawu of Down syndrome kwi usana wafumana kuphela ezilishumi ngaphandle kwekhulu. Kwakhona, abanye abantwana waphawula ukuba kukho fontanelles ezimbini. Ukongeza, ukuba abathanga ukuvala ixesha elide. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba bonke abantwana nalo anomaly ziyafana kakhulu omnye komnye. Kunye neempawu zabazali imbonakalo yabo idla ayibonakali.

ekuxilongweni

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ukuchonga le anomaly:

1. Ukusebenzisa ultrasound sizimisele ubungakanani "ikhola" umbungu. Ukuba, phakathi evekini elinanye kwaye weshumi zokukhulelwa fluid ongama ivela kulo mmandla, ngoko kukho umngcipheko ukungaqheleki chromosomal. Noko ke, le ndlela ayisoloko ukubonisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo.
2. indlela luhlangene. kubume bayo usendleleni yokuba uviwo ultrasound kwaye ngaxeshanye anesibambiso uvavanyo lwegazi.
3. Ukufunda fluid. Abasetyhini le ukuphululwa ibhaqwe zisengozini enkulu yokuba usana kunye Down syndrome kufuneka siqhubeke ezinye izifundo ukufumanisa isiphumo ngqo.

iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga

Imiqondiso neempawu ze Down syndrome sosana ungahluka. Oku kucingwa ukuba unxaxho iphawulwa kungekhona iikopi ezimbini, kodwa ezintathu chromosome yamashumi amabini ananye. Kodwa kukho ezinye iintlobo ngezifo. On oko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyazi. Okokuqala, lo kuthiwa-usapho Down syndrome. Lubonakala yi-attachment ye chromosome amabini-kuqala nayiphi na enye. aphambuke ezinjalo kunokuba inqabile. Senzeka malunga amathathu ekhulwini amatyala.

KaMoses syndrome kubonakala kwimeko xa i chromosome extra iqulethe zonke iiseli zomzimba. Le anomaly kwenzeka iipesenti ezintlanu izigulane. Olunye uhlobo syndrome - kukuphindwa le chromosome yamashumi amabini ananye. Pathology kwenzeka kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo. Oku kuphambuka luphawulwa hlula ezithile zofuzo.

Iimpawu umbungu

Lidla kukho abantwana kuzalwa kunye Down syndrome. Iimpawu abonakala kuphela wabonakala phezu ukukhanya sana, kodwa olungekazalwa. Oku kuphambuka, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, kubonakala kwi-ultrasound phakathi kweeveki weshumi kwaye elinesine yokukhulelwa. Kulo mzekelo, zitshekishwe hayi kuphela ikhola band balo babulingana nesandla, kodwa kwakhona ubungakanani ithambo ngeempumlo. Ukuba incinane kakhulu, okanye ayikho ngokupheleleyo, oku kubonisa ubukho onaso. Kunjalo ke yona ummandla njengomqala, ukuba banzi kwe 2.5 mm.

Ngomhla oya kulandela kamva akubonakali kuphela ngezifo, kodwa abanye. Kodwa ke isigulane kufuneka aqonde ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubona sifo olungekazalwa ngokuchanekileyo. Kwakungqina ukuba-5% of iimpawu zibonwa kwi ultrasound, inokuba bubuxoki.

iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa kunye Down syndrome: iimpawu umntwana

Abazali abaninzi kunjalo nakuwe imbonakalo usana lwabo. Noko ke, kunokuba kufihla nezinye iingxaki ezinzulu. Aba bantwana abakhuselekanga kwizifo ezininzi. Bangase baphathwe izifo ezifana:

• Le lag kuphuhliso engqondweni nasemzimbeni.
• Visual and ukungase- enokuthi ibekho kungalindelekanga.
• Ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso lwezakhono motor entle.
• ukushukumiseka ngokugqithisileyo emathanjeni, amalungu kunye nezihlunu.
• okukwazi eliphantsi kakhulu.
• Iingxaki kunye imiphunga, isibindi nenkqubo yokucola ukutya.
• yesifo azalwa intliziyo , kunye nezifo negazi, kuquka wegazi.

isigqibo esilungileyo

Ngenxa yeteknoloji ekhoyo, efunda malunga ubukho ezingaqhelekanga chromosomal kwi olungekazalwa. Xa ukukhulelwa ekuqaleni unina usenokuyiphelisa ukukhulelwa kwakhe, ngaloo ndlela ukubandezana ubomi usana olungekazalwa. Down syndrome ayikho isifo esibulalayo. Kodwa ke unina womntwana uyakwazi pre-ungawuchaza kunye nakwizibetho zabo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ezingaqhelekanga, chromosomal - ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Unako ukuhlangabezana umntu kwaye Bendingekholwa ukuba uyifumene Down syndrome. Kakade ke, ukuze loo mntwana inzima kancinci. ubomi bakhe buya kuba ezahlukeneyo kubomi nabanye abantwana. Kodwa akukho mntu uthi yena bengonwabanga. unina kuphela onelungelo lokugqiba Isiphelo sakhe.

Iingcebiso kubazali

Uyise nonina "kwelanga baby" kubalulekile ukukhumbula inyaniso ilandelayo:

1. Abantwana abane Down syndrome baqeqeshwe kakuhle, nangona kukho ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa ucwangciso olukhethekileyo.
2. abantwana obunjalo kakhulu ngokukhawuleza xa uhleli neqela labantu noontanga eziqhelekileyo. Kungcono ukuba kuhliselwa phezulu kwiintsapho kunokuba kwizikolo yokuhlala ehostele ezikhethekileyo.
3. Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, izigulane kunye anomaly chromosome amabini ananye ukuze bafumane kakuhle imfundo ephakamileyo. Akukho ixabisa kakhulu ukuba ahlale phezu ukugula umntwana.
4. "Abantwana of the Sun" unobubele kwaye banobuhlobo. Bona bayakwazi ukuthanda ngokwenene nokudala nentsapho. Noko ke, kufuneka emngciphekweni omkhulu kakhulu ukuba umntwana Down syndrome.
5. Ngenxa izinto zonyango ezintsha, abantu abanjalo kungalandisa ubomi iminyaka ukuya ku mahlanu.
6. Musa ukuthatha ityala ekuzalweni "umntwana elanga." Nkqu kakhulu umfazi esempilweni nga kuzala lo mntwana.
7. Ukuba intsapho yakho umntwana ngale anomaly, ingozi yokuba usana elifanayo malunga elinye ekhulwini.

Down syndrome (iimpawu xa kuzalwa banikwa kweli nqaku) kuvumela abantwana ukuba bakhule, ukuphuhlisa banandiphe ubomi. Umsebenzi wethu - nakubathwala, ukuba anikele ingqalelo nothando.