Rowan: iintlobo neentlobo, izithole, ukhule. izakhiwo rowan

Rowan ibhekisa kwinani imithi yeziqhamo esezantsi-ixabiso ngenxa incasa mpawu ukrakra amaqunube yayo. Noko ke, ekubeni Ixhaphake kakhulu, lisetyenziswa njenge isityalo zokuhomba. iinkuni bomelele yaye liyaxhathisa nalo rhoqo kusetyenziswa bokuchwela.

incazelo lesayensi

Ngokuthi "ash entabeni", nto leyo inokufunyanwa eentlobo emaXhoseni kwinqaku kwi Botany namhlanje ngokuqhelekileyo bendiqonda uhlobo izityalo enemithi ephantsi kwintsapho enkulu Pink. Inani kweentlobo abangaphezu kwekhulu, kwaye isinye kwisithathu yazo ikhula kwi kummandla Russia. Rowan kwande e North America, Asia naseYurophu. Le ityholwana onamagqabi avuthulukayo okanye umthi ayiphucukanga ngokukodwa ekwindla, xa amagqabi zipeyintwe ngezandi ngokungqombela ezihonjiswe kunye namasebe enkulu izixa eziqaqambileyo.

Sebenzisa neempawu rowan

Rowan wood luthambe kunye ezixineneyo, sivumele ukusetyenziswa kwayo ukuze ukwenziwa joinery. Kweentyatyambo umthi okanye ityholwana - isityalo esihle nobusi.

amaqunube rowan zidliwa, ingakumbi ukuba ikhuthaze uphuhliso iintlobo ezintsha, isiqhamo apho ndaphoswa incasa ekrakra. Uyakwazi badle kubhakwa, okunkonkxiweyo (compotes, hooter, ijam), wenze marmalade okanye iilekese, ukuba zome, Faka okanye hlala. Ezinye iimpawu rowan, okanye mandithi amaqunube kuyo zisetyenziselwa amayeza emveli. Phakathi iimpawu luncedo zezi: umchamo kwaye choleretic, isisu, hemostatic, diaphoretic, antiscorbutic. Ubukrakra berry uncedo ukuba balahle kuneqabaka yokuqala. Yenza ukuba kutshatyalaliswe glycosides ezithile.

EziQhelekileyo Rowan: iintlobo kunye neentlobo

Iintlobo idumileyo yaye abantu abaninzi - ash entabeni. igama layo lesiLatini sisuka ibinzana elithi "ngoka iintaka." Oku kubangelwa, mhlawumbi, ukuba yokuba berry eliqaqambileyo ebomvu kuhlala phezu ityholwana, hayi nje kuphela kweli ekwindla, kodwa phantse yonke ubusika, ukukhonza kukutya kweentaka. Iintlobo ithunyelelwa ehlabathini lonke kwimimandla epholileyo. Kaninzi iba ngumthi, ubuncinane - ityholwana nesithsaba ajikelezayo kunye ukuphakama kuyimitha-12, kodwa umthetho, yonke ngaphakathi 5-10 m.

Iingcali entsimini iintlobo lokuzalanisa zibe entabeni ash Tall: Nevezhinskaja kunye Moravian. Eyokuqala ibandakanya kwaqanjwa imvelaphi Mpuma Yurophu, kwaye eyesibini - European Central. Umahluko nje kuphela ash ntaba amaqunube (incasa, umbala, imilo), kodwa izityalo ngokwabo - imilo isithsaba, amagqabi, amaxolo, etc ...

Rowan Moravian

Rowan elimnandi, okanye yaseMoriva, luhlobo eliqhelekileyo. Ekuqaleni eyafunyanwa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 Moravia kwisithili i-Sudeten Iintaba. Xa inkcubeko yazise ngenxa yeziqhamo emihle, kwaye emnandi. Tree 10-12 m ubude eselula uye isithsaba emxinwa-pyramidal, ezinkulu kushiya ubude-25 cm, ezi ngobubanzi isiqhamo 1 cm. Of umdla ezona amaqela Central iintlobo yaseYurophu eboniswe ngezantsi.

Edulis

Hayi kakhulu umthi omde (10-15 m) nje kuphela iziqhamo esimnandi, kodwa umbono wayo zokuhombisa. Crohn kaThixo emxinwa-pyramidal, amagqabi ezinkulu, hayi bulishica, pinnate, kunye icala khangela ngathi ezifayo, zipeyintwe ekwindla kwi shades obomvu kunye ebengezelayo. Kweentyatyambo iqala ekupheleni kukaMeyi, yokudubula corymbose, ashinyeneyo. Thelo ngeenxa-okweqanda, kunye agcwele ido- enkulu sweet-muncu, obomvu nebomvu. Rowan Edulis igreyidi hardiness phezulu, pritenenie ukukhanya-efuna, kodwa oluqinile engomelele ithanda umhlaba ochumileyo yaye ngovo-ngovo. Ungenako ukubathwala zokuxinana kwamanzi kunye ukufuma agqithisileyo, idityaniswe kakubi komsi emoyeni kunye umsi. Isetyenziswa njengesityalo iziqhamo, kwakunye kwiqela Alleyne zokutyala.

Bissneri

Hybrid ukumila emxinwa indawo ye isithsaba uba m-11. Zokuhombisa kulo nyaka ngenxa a amagqabi ezinkulu yinzwana pinnate, ubungakanani amancinane amaqunube eliqaqambileyo. incasa krakra siqhamo. Njengezinye iintlobo ezininzi rowan zokuhomba, Bissneri Musa ukoyika iqabaka, kodwa ibe ikwayise iso emoyeni isixeko ongcolileyo, imigxobhozo kunye nemihlaba enzima. Ukhetha, iindawo enelanga kakuhle nelikhanyiswe, iphatha ithunzi ukukhanya.

yoxinaniso

Olunye uhlobo Western aseYurophu kwemilo pyramidal isithsaba. Amagqabi zinkulu, ezimhlophe kwicala ephantsi elintlangothi wona aqoqiwe. Thelo Imilo embhoxo-ngeenxa zonke, shirokorebristye, umbala - orange eqaqambileyo, ukuba buthathwa ikhaka oxineneyo amaqhosha 70-100, babe nokulunga ngaphandle astringency ngokugqithiseleyo nobukrakra kunye nenyama zimnandi eliorenji. Grade linamandla kakhulu ukuba kubekho izifo iqabaka. Yena ithanda umhlaba evakalala otyebileyo kungekho manzi amileyo, ukukhanya okufanelekileyo.

Nevezhinskaja rowan

Nevezhinskaja rowan kwakhona uhlobo zesiqhelo, yaye imbonakalo yazo ukwahlula ukuwasusa iingcali kuphela. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, berry rowan abe incasa mpawu okrakra akulungeleyo ukutyiwa ngabantu kuphela emva kokuba yeqabaka yokuqala. Kodwa uhlobo Nevezhinskaja inomsebenzisi esasenza. amaqunube zayo, ndayihluthwa yobukrakra nokuba ngohlobo bezingekavuthwa, kwaye umgangatho Ukwanda le vitamin ke ufana yelamuni kunye currants abamnyama. Wood sifunyenwe Ukukhetha, kwaye zemvelo. Imbali ukufunyanwa yalo umdla kakhulu. Lo mthi yafunyanwa nabalimi Shchelkunov ehlathini Andrews, leyo ekufuphi kwilali Nevezhino. Layifaka emyezweni wakhe, akazange xa ndikrokra ukuba twa umthi ebandayo-enganyangekiyo kunye esezantsi-mali yesondlo kwilizwe liphela. Belali ndatyala nezithombo wentaba ntaba waza wathengisa ngabo kwimimandla ezikufuphi. Okwangoku wabonisa inani elikhulu kwiintlobo, thina ukutsalela ingqalelo kakhulu kakuhle yaziwa nezingqinekayo.

iintlobo Eastern European

• Cubes - emthini ukumila paniculate isithsaba srednerosloe, amagqabi ezinkulu ezingcakacileyo, side-orenji iziqhamo olukhazimlisiweyo. Ebonakala ukumelana eliphezulu kakhulu iqabaka, ukukhanya-efuna, ukungafuni ukuba umhlaba, kodwa ithanda obambe eliphakathi okanye ukukhanya. Rowan iintlobo Kubovaya na incasa ekrakra, astringent kwi ngomlinganiselo, inyama eqaqambileyo emthubi, zimnandi. ubunzima Fruit 0.5 g
• Sugar Petrova - umthi omfuphi (ukuya m-5) kunye amagqabi amakhulu zokuhombisa. Uhlobo ngombala nokuqulethileyo eliphezulu iswekile kwi iziqhamo engekho yobukrakra kunye astringency. Hardy, nabalulamileyo.
• Yathetheka - iintlobo yokuqala multi-njongo. isityalo srednerosloe nge masebe ukwenyuka ngqo akhiwe oyimbumba. Iziqhamo zinkulu, zalishumi 1.5-1.7 g kunye nenyama etyheli, ukwimeko oqolileyo obomvu-orange umbala.

Michurin imihlobo

Iintlobo eziphuhliswe eyaziwa umfuyi yasekhaya Michurinym I. V., efumaneka emiyezweni mihla kunokuba kunqabile kakhulu. Okwangoku, inxenye yabo elahlekileyo, abanye zixubene nje omnye nomnye kunye malorazlichimy. Kodwa kukho walondoloza gqith Michurinist Rowan. Grade Titanium (eliboniswe ngasentla), ngakumbi, ukuba baze bathengiswe yi balimi namhlanje. Yena yaphehlelelwa uvuvuzelo zeentyatyambo wentaba entabeni pollen eliphakathi kunye apile krasnolistnyh. Isityalo komthi (ukuya kwi-3.5 m) kunye imilo isithsaba setyhula. amaqunube ezinkulu eziqokelelwe ngokwamaqela enamandla, abe isongo uphawu ngaphandle ubukrakra kunye nombala enzulu ebomvu kwizinyibilikisi. Wood linamandla kakhulu ukuba nkqu iimeko zemozulu kakhulu ezinzima. Sondela uhlobo Titan zonke iimpawu ibhastile utywala, isiqhushumbisi, Burke.

Musa ukulibala ukuba eqhelekileyo kunye chokeberry, zeziphi iintlobo nazo ezininzi kakhulu - le into efanayo. Kwanokuba ukuthelekisa inkangeleko zesityalo, siya kubona umahluko omkhulu. Chokeberry okanye Aronia Michurina, bobabo ngohlobo olwahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo - Aronia, kodwa lo mkhaya Pink. uhlobo eyenziwe yaba kwinkulungwane ye-19 kwi nursery Michurina. Le ityholo ephantsi (3 m) kunye namagqabi enkulu emnyama-eluhlaza kunye ukulenza ezimnyama (ngamanye amaxesha kunye ithinti purple) iziqhamo kunye imbewu. Popular njengoko izityalo ubusi, iziyobisi kunye neziqhamo.

Features ash entabeni eyandayo

• Rowan ngumthi omkhulu kakhulu, ngoko iyavakala ukuya kuleyo izityalo kujikelezo. Isityalo ithanda indawo kakuhle, esilumekile, iphatha kukhuhlwe kancinane komthunzi yokukhula iziqhamo ezibi nguvumazonke.
• Phantse zonke iintlobo ash ntaba nabalulamileyo kwaye ukungafuni emhlabeni, kodwa ephuhliswa ngcono zeendawana ekukhanyeni, phezu obambe. Ayithandi ukufuma ngokugqithiseleyo kunye zokuxinana kwamanzi.
• Zonke rowan (amaBakala musa Akukhathaliseki) ithanda ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ekwindla lokutyala (phambi nokukhula). Ukuba isivuno amaninzi, kucetyiswa ukuba ndityale ibhastile nto eziliqela ezahlukeneyo.
• ukunakekela Basic kuba imithi yi nokususwa kwangethuba kumagqabi iingcambu kunye namasebe ephuhlisa ngezantsi lenkohlakalo, ukunkcenkceshela (ukuba kuyimfuneko), bezikhulule kunye umhlaba kunye nonyango nxamnye izinambuzane nezifo.
• Rowan uqale ukukhula ekuqaleni kakhulu kule uqhagamshelo kuyacetyiswa ukwenza zokuthena kunye yokuvundisa kweli xesha lifutshane kwaye kakhulu kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka.
• Ukususela kunyaka wesithathu emva kokutyala, kucetyiswa ukuba ukondla imithi ezintsonkothileyo nezichumiso izimbiwa kwizigaba ezintathu: phambi kweentyatyambo entwasahlobo, ehlotyeni, ngexesha lokusekwa iziqhamo, kwaye ekwindla emva kokuvuna.