Om - umlambo e West eSiberia, iifoto kunye nenkcazo

Om - umlambo aqukuqela eSiberia Koloni. Libhekisela ngqo nezitya amathathu: Irtysh, OB noLwandle Kara. Ulwazi lokuqala malunga Omi River inokufumaneka kwincwadi umzobo eSiberia, leyo yahlelwa 1701 Semenom Remezovym. Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela Omi emlanjeni, iimpawu zayo, indawo zokuhlala kunye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nale echibini. Kwaye ngoku iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

igama

Igama Om umlambo kwigama zamaTurkic "cwaka" ( "Om"). Kwaye Irtysh kunye Baraba balapha ithi zamagama: Omka.

indawo

Lake eOmsk, apho umlambo kuphuma Om, ibekwe imigxobhozo kwi Vasyugan entilini kwaye umthombo. umlambo Okulandelayo ulowaneka Baraba yeKapa. Emlonyeni Omi ise e eOmsk, phezu kodonga lasekunene Irtysh.

inkcazelo umfula

Ummandla zokuqokelela amanzi omlambo Om yi 52600 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. I-avareji yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngonyaka - 64 cubic metres yesibini nganye, kwaye ubuninzi - 814. Ubude umlambo Om - 1091 km. Kumaxesha Soviet, umlambo waya kwiNkundla Kuibyshev awumise Ust-Tarka. Ngoku Om ayiqukwanga kuluhlu ezibalulekileyo iindlela zamanzi nezwe Russian. Eyona engundoqo omlambo komlanjana ;

• Achairka.
• Icha (eliphezulu amadama aphantsi).
• Ugurmanka.
• Uzakla.
• Kama.
• Tarka.
• Tarbuga.
• Tartas.

Umlambo uhamba iimpahla yeetoni encinane, kodwa ukusuka kwindawo ekudibaneni kwawo Tartasa kuphela. Xa sifika aphezulu komlambo asebenza umgxobhozo kunye amahlathi. Ke iqala emathafeni, kunye neebhanki - amatyotyombe kuqala. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ngaphezulu, kukho lo mzi. ababambisi beentlanzi abaninzi banomdla umbuzo oko uhlobo intlanzi ifumaneka emlanjeni Om. Luzele:

• sterlet;
• nelmy;
• whitefish;
• walleye;
• Pike;
• bass;
• zeCARP;
• Roach.

umfula Valley

Le ntlambo umlambo kubonakaliswa amathambeka awukacaci idibane imizila engqongileyo. Ukongeza efikelela kuyo, ikhangeleka ngathi trapezoid, kwezinye iindawo azilingani. Ububanzi intlambo - ukususela ezingamakhulu amabini eemitha ayi elinesibhozo. In kumathambeka aphezulu banobubele, kwaye emathafeni - imixawuka, maxa wambi elide. iikhastoma khona.

yezandyondyo Omi

Yezandyondyo lomlambo -sided, kwezinye iindawo umgxobhozo kunye intersected avuse ezahlukeneyo. Ngezantsi - lubangelwe. Ububanzi Ubuncinane wezandyondyo - amakhulu amabini, anamanci mahlanu neemitha, ubuninzi - iikhilomitha ezilishumi elinesithandathu enesiqingatha.

Umkhondo nokuba

ububanzi umsele Omi emanzini ephantsi kweemitha ezingama-40 ukuya 84. Kwezinye iindawo kwi bend - ukusuka 110 ukuya 220 kubunzulu m shallows ka-0.3 ukuya 1.5 m, yaye ifikelela kangangeemitha ezi-2 ukuya 4.1 flow epholileyo, uqina wayo - .. Ukusuka 0.3 ukuya 1.4 iimitha ngomzuzwana. Eziqhelekileyo wavakalisa ubude ngokucacileyo iikhilomitha ezintlanu ukusuka kumthombo. Esi sigaba ibukeka njengoko Izandiso ezincinane ngohlobo mini-amachibi, abaqhagamshelwe omnye komnye. A umkhondo ngqo ophantsi twisty kakhulu.

iimpawu umfula

Om - umlambo kwamafutha ikhephu. Umlambo uqala ngoMeyi sihlala kude ngoJulayi (ngamanye amaxesha kuquka). Owayevunyelwe-up iqala ekupheleni kuka-Oktobha okanye kwasekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Ice iqala ukuya ngo-Apreli okanye ekuqaleni Meyi. kunxweme elisezantsi ngamanzi-ungayivulayo kwamatyholo ikhula ngamandla.

ububanzi Omi kuyahlukana kwi eliphezulu 15 ukuya 25 m phakathi kwe - 150 ukuya 180, kunye esezantsi kuyo - ukuya kutsho kwiimitha 220. Ubunzulu ziyahluka ukusuka kwisiqingatha semitha ku 5.5 m kwi-esezantsi, kwaye ukusuka 0.2 ukuya-3 m kwi eliphezulu.

Ngowe-1982, xa emlonyeni lomlambo ngexesha Ukugrunjwa kwafunyanwa barge kwamanzi Kolchak. Uphazamisa kwenzeka ngo-1918, amaqokobhe zokudubula kwafunyanwa loke. Ehlabathini isitya ontywiliselwe wakha edamini isambuku. Ukususela 1982 ukuya 1984, iinjineli isuswe, ukususwa nokujongela phantsi le nezikhali afumaneka kwi emazantsi emlanjeni.

Kufuphi nendawo apho Om aqukuqela emlanjeni. Irtysh, abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumana yokuhlala yamandulo ebizwa Big Log, indawo ka-2500 square metres. amakhaya afunyanwa, izixhobo kunye neeseramiki pozdnekulayskogo imbonakalo. Ukongeza, i-log kukho nabanye, angangeni Om: Ukuqukulwa, Syropyatsky Kornilov kunye ngagama ezimbini (at a drevushki encinane Samarinki kunye neziko yesithili Kormilovka).

eziphilayo

Om - komlambo, nto leyo ngexesha entwasahlobo ehlekisayo. Yena laqhenqetha ngamandla kwaye kumo neArabha elandelayo. Kule yee-, mfula 'ityatyambile ", bayigubungele uhlaza. Ngokuba sicatshulwa iinqanawa kufuneka icocwe evela emasimini mfumba kunye namadama. Ukuze ziye amanzi emi bafakwa hovercraft. Baya sasiqubha ukuba Syropyatskogo kwilali.

Photo Om River kubonisa ukuba waqala ukukhula nzulu ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka yakutsha nje. Amanzi uvela naseNovosibirsk Vasyuganskoye imigxobhozo kunye namachibi. Kodwa yokufika oyike iminyaka ngeminyaka. Kwaye kukho intsilelo zamanzi ezikhulayo.

Irtysh - Le program federal ukuze kubekho amanzi okusela kubemi Russia, ethe yamkelwa 1999, kummandla eOmsk kwindawo yokuqala yokwakha begqibezela emisele Om wakhululwa. Kwakunye nokwakhiwa imithombo Kalachinsk.

Kwemijelo engundoqo yayilwa kwaye yakhiwe phantse kwithuba eSoviet. ukuba igqitywe asixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Ekuqaleni, uphuhliso yayo kuthwalelwa phandle njengenxalenye yenkqubo sokunkcenkceshela. Le projekthi luphunyeziwe Ministry of Water Resources ngo-1980, i-sesihlanu amabini ngoNovemba. Kodwa emva kwexesha elithile kuye kwabiwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo, elizimeleyo.

Le misebenzi ibalulekileyo ekwakhiweni emjelweni engundoqo nokufumaneka kwamanzi komhlaba onkcenkceshelwayo ngokuhambelana Omi kwindawo weehektare amahlanu ananye amawaka. Kwakunye unikezelo rhoqo amanzi okusela Nizhneomsky, eOmsk, Gorky, Kalachinsk and District Kormilovsky.

channel Main, ubude yayo 53 900 km, asuka ngeekhilomitha ezimbini ukusuka Isakovki kwilali ibekwe kwingingqi Gorky. Le yokugqibela 14 weemitha-800 kuwa phezu Umfula. Achairki. Yakhiwe ze kwizitishi zokumpompa ezimbini.