Ngubani owakhiwe ubhiya? Imbali yokubonakala kwesiselo

Ngubani owakhiwe ubhiya, ngokuqinisekileyo awaziwa. Imbali yesi siselo ibuyela kwixesha elingaphambili. Kwaye nanamhlanje alwaziwa igama lomntu oqala ukusihambisa njengolu hlobo oluthatywayo lwe-foxy elixir. Akukho mntu uyazi kakuhle ukuba yiliphi i-nectar ebonakalayo ngendlela efanayo. Iingcali zenzululwazi zenza iinguqu ezihlukeneyo, ziqhube uphando, zama ukuzazisa igama lizwe apho ibhiya yaqala khona. Kodwa kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi kunye neengcamango ukuba kunzima ukugqiba isigqibo, kwaye amaninzi amaninzi anelungelo lokubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba weqhwa.

AmaSumeri namaBhabhiloni

Ngubani owamisela ubhiya, awaziwa, kodwa kwaziwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba oku kuselayo kuthathwa njengowona mveliso utywala. Izazi-mlando zidibanisa umvelaphi wee-nutty nectarami kunye neMesopotamia. Kwintsimi yeli lizwe ngexesha lokucwanwa kwezinto zakudala. Amacwecwe aseSumer afunyenwe ngodongwe, apho kwakuboniswa khona ababheki bendonga. Imihla yokufumana kwiminyaka ye-7 leminyaka BC. AmaSomeri ayenawo unkulunkulukazi webhiya - iNinkashi Light Blasting. Ubuthixo abuzange bukunqule kuphela, kodwa nayo yonke imibongo yayinikezelwe kuye. Ibhiya yaseSumeriya ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokunxiliswa ngokupheleleyo, njengoko yayiphekwe ngaphandle kokongeza ii-hops. I-pulp ne-hareyi zongezwa kwi-liquid, kwakunye neengcambu ezivumbayo ukubonelela ukunambitheka. Amandla okwakhiwa kokugqibela yayingamaphesenti amathathu ukuya kwezine.

AmaBhabhiloni - iindlalifa zeSomeriya-phucula iresiphi yobhiya. Baqala ukuphuza isiselo kwi-malt, kungekhona ebhalini, njengabo baqala ngaphambili. AmaBhabhiloni ayenzela umzabalazo onzima wokuvelisa umgangatho weemveliso ze-foam. UKumkani Hammurabi (II weminyaka eyi-BC) wakhupha umyalelo ngokubhekiselele kuwo umgcini wendlu yokuhlalisa umlinganiselo wesiselo esingaphantsi kwesigwebo sokufa. Ukuze kuphuculwe ubhiya ngamanzi, umgcini wendlu yabahambi wanikwa umbane ococekileyo de wafa ngenxa yexhala elibi. Ukuba kwiziko lemgcini-mboleko laligcinwe ingxoxo malunga nezopolitiko, ngoko umnini-mzi wafumana isigwebo sokufa.

Ubhiya waseYiputa wamandulo

Ngombuzo othi ngubani owasungula ubhiya eYiputa, izazinzulu ziphendula: uthixo u-Osiris. Isiphetho esenzayo, ngokubhekiselele kwenye yemibhalo yesandla yaseYiputa yasendulo. Ababingeleli, ooOsiris bafundisa ukuphuza, baba ngabantu abodwa abawaziyo iimfihlelo zokupheka i-nectar. Amapharao amaninzi ayenobumba. Ngoko ke, uNefertiti wayenelungelo lokuphuza, kwaye kwiindonga zolu lwakhiwo ukumkanikazi wayebonakaliswa, ethululela isiselo sotyya nge-strainer .

Kwibhiya lasendulo laseYiputa laphungulwa kwibhali, kodwa kwezinye iimeko zatshintshwa i-malt yengqolowa. I-anyanisi, isonka kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, ibhiya yenziwe yiphakheji yokutya ephakamileyo yomhlali wasendulo waseYiputa. Isiko sokuphuza kweli lizwe laliyidolophu yasePelusium, kungoko loo mveliso ubizwa ngokuba yi "Pelusian drink". Wayenentlawulo ekhethekileyo. Ngeliphi na iholide exutywe kunye nobusi okanye iwayini.

Imbali yobhiya kwiGrisi yaseRoma naseRoma

Ayaziwa ngubani owadala ubhiya kwi-Ancient Greece naseRoma. Kodwa into abayidelayo kula mazwe yinyaniso. Lapha kwakubhekwa njengesiselo sabasweleyo abangenakukwazi ukuzithengisa ngewayini. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, uHippocrates wanikezela yonke ingcali yesayensi kwi-elixir ene-foamy, kwaye uAristotle wenza isigqibo sokuba emva kokuxiliswa ngewayini, umntu uyazulazula, kwaye emva kokuba ubhiya abuyele. Ubhiya obuthakathaka bukhulu kakhulu kwaye bubuhlungu kumaGrike, ngenxa yokuba bevame ukuvuthela ngamanzi, yintoni isizathu sabo sangempela asizange sivelelwe ngokupheleleyo, kodwa i-ale yayidla ngendlela ecocekileyo.

Andiyithandi ibhiya kunye namaRoma. Dankeni kuphela ngeeholide ekuhloniphekeni kweCeres - unkulunkulukazi wezolimo. Ngenxa yoko eRoma yakudala ibiza i-cere yokusela. Ngokutsho kwimbali-mlando efundisiweyo uBraudel, ubhiya lwaba "isiselo sabampofu kunye nabanqabileyo" de kube yiphondo le-10.

Ukubonakala kwebhiya e-Afrika

Ngubani oza kuqala ngebhiya emhlabeni, kunzima ukuthetha. Kodwa into yokuba yaziwa eAfrika yinyaniso. Nantsi kwakuyimveliso eqhelekileyo. E-Abyssinia yayibhujiswe kwi-buckthorn nakwiindawo. Kweminye imimandla yase-Afrika, apho ibhali engakhange ikhule, i-millet yayisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kotywala, kunye nemveliso enamandla - dagu.

Kwimizila eyahlukeneyo yabantu baseAfrika, ibhiya yadlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngomngcwabo, kunye nomzimba womntu ofileyo, oku kusela kwakunyanzelekile. Wonke umntu okhoyo kwi-rite kufuneka aphuze olu hlobo. Izizwe zaseGuinea kunye neSudan zazibilisa i-elixir ye-millet. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-millet yatshatyathwa yi-sorghum-enye isivuno sesityalo. Kwaye kwaziwa kwi-XVI ye-century ye-sorghum ibhiya eYurophu.

Imbali yebhiya yaseYurophu

Kuliphi ilizwe eliza nebheriya, ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba akunakho nayiphi na imithombo. Kodwa eYurophu kuye kwadumeka ukusukela kwangaphambili. KwiiCelt kwakuyiselo yokusela. Ngenkulungwane ye-BC, uPosidonius uthe ulungiselela i-elixir esekelwe kubusi neengqolowa. Ngexesha elifanayo kwiGaul, ibhiya yayibizwa ngokuba yi-corma kwaye yayibizwa ngokuba yiselo lwesizwe. KwamaJamani kwakuyimveliso yesizwe.

Phakathi kwemibutho eyenziwa e-UK, iimpawu zafunyanwa, ukubhaliswa kwayo kubangelwa ukuba umntu ucele ukuba akhuphe umyalelo wokunikezelwa kwebhaya kumaLeligionari, avela kuye.

IVikings yamandulo

Lapho ibhiya yaqalwa khona okokuqala, akukho mntu uza kuthetha ngokuchanekileyo kuMhlaba. Kodwa iincwadi zembali zithi iiVikings eziyingozi, ezazihlala kwimimandla ekumntla ekumntla, nazo zazinomsebenzi wobisi. Basebenzisa i-fir ne-pine needles instead of hops. Ngenxa yoko, ukubunjwa okubangelwayo kwaphuculwa ngamavithamini C no-B, okwakusomeleza amandla abantu abadla isiselo. Ngoko ke, ubhiya obizwa ngokuba yiVikings ubizwa ngokuba ngumzalwana ka-Odin.

Naliphi na umthendeleko lwaba bantu behamba kunye nezidakwa ezintle. Kwaye ukukwazi ukusela ngaphezu komhlobo wakho, kwakulingana nempumelelo yomkhosi. Isithethe samanje sokuthulula isivakalisi sexesha elidlulileyo isilazi engavamile yenzeke ngqo kwiVikings.

Ukubonakala kwebhiya eRashiya

Kwakungaziwa nokuba ubani owadala ubhiya kunye nantoni eYurophu. Amagama athi "ubhiya" kunye "nokusela" ahlanganisane. Ngaphambili, leli gama lichaze zonke iziphuzo ngokubanzi. Kwiibhokisi ze-bark zeNochgorod ze-birch kukho ukukhankanywa kokuqala kwebhiya. Izigwebo, ezisekelwe kubhiya kunye nobusi, zabizwa ngokuba zizigaya kwaye zaziwa yinqaba enkulu. Ezi mveliso zihlawule umvuzo.

Kwilizwe elidala laseRussia, i-brew brew nesonka yakha ipakethe yokutya. Iimonasteri zaziyiziko lokuphuza, kwaye isiselo ngokwawo saba yinto yokukhohlisa.

"Abalingane"

Namhlanje, ngaphandle kwebhiya yendabuko, iyaziwayo kwaye ayinalo utywala. Yaye ngubani owaqulunqa ubhiya ongeyotywala, izazinzulu zisenokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo: Amerika. Ngexesha lomthetho owomileyo eUnited States, zonke iziphuzo ezaziqulethe i-ethyl yotywala zazingavunyelwe. Zonke iinkampani ezinkulu zokuthengisa zatshitshiswa ngokuba zizaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa elinye iqela elikhulu kakhulu likwazi ukuqhubeka likhona. Ngaphantsi kwebhendi yakwaBudweiser, livelise ibhiya yokuqala yehlabathi engeyotywala equlethe i-half percent ye-alcohol.

Abafaki bemveli bamasiko babethanda umkhiqizo omtsha kungekudala. Kodwa wabancedisa abaqhubi ukuba bangahambi. Ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka nesiqingatha, uphawu lwe-Anheuser-Buschc luvelisa ubhiya obizwa ngokuba nguBudweiser.

Ukuxiliswa kotywala kutyhintsho kwimizimba yabantu, ukuziphatha kunye neengqondo. Ngoko ke, kulawo mazwe apho ezininzi zengozi zeemoto zenzeka ngephoso labaqhubi abadakwa, isigqibo senziwe ukukhulula ukuvelisa umkhiqizo ongekho utywala.