Ngengozi cat eSiberia: inkcazelo, umjikelo wobomi kunye nonyango

On Earth, kukho abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi 21 abosulelekileyo kunye cat liphiko yaseSiberia. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senani lilonke live elosulelekileyo kwisithuba post-yiSoviet, kuquka eRashiya naseUkraine. intshabalalo Mass kuvamile ukuba abahlali kummandla eSiberia kunye kummandla Dnieper. Yintoni na le yezitshabalalisi kwaye uphephe njani na usulelo? Ke okona kubalulekileyo, ukuba balahle 'iindwendwe ezingafunekiyo ".

ingcaciso emfutshane

Medicine ngokwemibandela lahlulwe irhorho omzimba womntu ngokwendidi ezintathu. Oku tape nemibungu ngeenxa zonke, kunye flukes. Iphiko zenyathi aseSiberia Lancet Iphiko, trematode okt tyaba (ngengozi). I-Latin Igama le amaphelo - felineus Opisthorchis kunye Opisthorchis viverrini. ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni isibindi Small ibangela opisthorchiasis izifo ebantwini kunye nezilwanyana, ethi ichaphazele imibhobho kwesibindi, senyongo kunye pancreas.

ESiberia cat Iphiko iye lanceolate. ubude amaphelo ayidluli-18 mm, kwaye ububanzi - 2 mm. Kumjikelo wobomi ezibandakanya host ezimbini intermediate. Umnini yokugqibela liphiko inokuba umntu okanye esihamba.

History of izovela

Igama "Iphiko eSiberia" lalisetyenziswa yokuqala ngo-Apreli 1891 kwisixeko Tomsk. UNjingalwazi Vinogradov wenza kwesidumbu yaye ifumaneka osesibindini kweentlobo olungaziwayo lwe liphiko. Ekuhambeni kwexesha kwanikelwa ingxelo ukuba sisidleleli sele kuchaziwe, kodwa eyafunyanwa kwesibindi ikati efile. Noko ke, izazinzulu obeqhuba kwesidumbu wayengakwazi ukuba ukujonga uhlobo liphiko.

Kakuhle systematized kwaye uchaze umphengululi amaphelo Blanchard. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1885. ebizwa ngokuba "Iphiko cat" lalisetyenziswa eli xesha. Isifo esibizwa opistorhoz.

Ukuze ubone ukubaluleka nokuxilonga liphiko eSiberia ngokunxuseneyo kumazwe ahlukeneyo asebenza izazinzulu ezininzi odumileyo. Ngokomzekelo, kuphela ubungqina opisthorchiasis ezinxulumene ne ukuselwa iintlanzi amatsha, kwadlula phantse-10 iminyaka. Kwakhona ubeke phambili iingcebiso ezahlukeneyo kwinginginya lokuqala esiphakathi kwe sisidleleli. ubungqina yolwazi iinkumba gastropod wavuka Hans Vogel. Isazinzulu Russian Starobogatov bafumanisa ukuba olu hlobo kweembaza Codiella.

Apho opisthorchiasis eqhelekileyo?

Iphiko Siberian ezibangelwa ohlobo trematodes Opisthorchis viverrini, ixhaphakileyo mpuma Asia. Ibangela opisthorchiasis phakathi kwabahlali kunye nabatyeleli Cambodia, Thailand, iLaos, kunye Vietnam. Maxa wambi amatyala zibhalwe eYurophu eMelika. Bonke bephela oxhulumene nonikezelo iintlanzi ingcolisekile.

Iphiko Siberian ezibangelwa ohlobo trematodes Opisthorchis felineus, ixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe post-eSoviet. Oku kubanga unezilonda opisthorchiasis eRashiya, eUkraine, Kazakhstan, kunye nezitya zokutshiza emlanjeni omkhulu. Le izehlo iphezulu lwenzeka esezansi i OB kunye Irtysh nemilambo. Esosulelwa lolunye izitya amaphelo lwe iVolga, Urals, Kama, Don, Dnieper, Dvina, njalo-njalo.

Njani na i-arhente causative

Isibindi Iphiko Umjikelo wobomi Iphiko eSiberia leyo ethatha indawo emzimbeni abanini eziliqela, unako yokuphuhlisa kuphela kufutshane amanzi. Ukuqala umjikelo uphuhliso kwindawo yokuqala esiphakathi host ephilayo, ezo iinkumba-bitiniidy amanzi. Oku kubhekiselele kwezi squid Codiella ubudala. Indawo oluthandayo izidalwa eziphilayo enjalo - amanzi zexeshana nzulu njengeempuphuma. Gastropod usela eSiberia Iphiko iqanda ngamanzi lingahlanjelwa apho iingqatha baba ekupheleni-host. Kuba iinyanga ezimbini umzimba sisidleleli mollusc usuqula evela amaqanda flukes.

Flukes Iphiko - ulala free-yokudada Umbungu nomsila. Ukushiya le host yokuqala, Imibungu ukungena kulo esikule of zeCARP yeentlanzi. Apha kuza isigaba esilandelayo zophuhliso flukes in metatsekary. Le Umbungu ngoku nquma ezingeyomfuneko umsila, kwaye kudala ngeenxa ngokwayo capsule iqokobhe olukhuselayo - cysts. Ngaphakathi philisi yile mibala kuhlala mobile. Ukususela mzuzu kokungenela umzimba zeCARP intlanzi, kude ukukwazi ukosulela abantu nezidla kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu. Kuphela kwinqanaba metatsikariya amaphelo singathatha ingcambu emzimbeni womntu.

Umnini ekugqibeleni Iphiko ngumntu okanye nasiphi na isilwanyana Ebisidla bohlaselo iintlanzi. Ukufumana emathunjini amancinci sokuqala, metatsikarii sizohlukana cysts kwaye angene kungena bile duct, inyongo lwesinyi zesibindi.

Ingaba bangenwe njani

Iphiko Siberian kokuqola Harassment umzimba umkhosi lokugqibela iintsuku 10-14. Ukususela ngalo mzuzu luqala iqanda ngokubekwa, apho ilindle ezibuyela kwimo engqongileyo. Ukuba amaqanda wabetha ngayo emhlabeni, ngoko ke uya kufela iintsuku 8-10. Xa amanzi, ngoko ke baya kuhlala iphila phantse unyaka. Ekugqibeleni, ezo opisthorchis impi ngokuvisisana ku-20 - 30 iminyaka.

Umjikelo olandelayo umjikelo wobomi Iphiko eSiberia luqala umhla xa gastropod entsha ngamanzi nodaka ukuginya amaqanda sisidleleli. Le eqhubekayo akuyi kuyeka de umntu aya kudla lula onetyuwa, isiqingatha womoji-zonka okanye womile neentlanzi amanzi.

Iimpawu Opisthorchiasis abantu

Opisthorchiasis ixesha elide kuphuhliswa kungekho zimpawu. Zonke iimpawu yezifo ezinxulumene ne mechanical kunye nee nempembelelo liphiko. Uxabana ukuba opisthorchis iimveliso inkunkuma. A impembelelo mechanical ezinxulumene ngeendonga ukonzakala bile, ezo iqhotyoshelwe mouthparts kunye helminths ngumtya ventral. Ukongeza, sibe nzima inyongo trematodes ngoku, ebangela komtshiso oko.

Le okuthatha ixesha opisthorchiasis - hayi ngaphezulu kweeveki ezintathu. Ngaphezu koko, iqondo lobushushu ukuze bayavuka, iintlungu kwizihlunu kunye namalungu, baqale ukugabha kunye norhudo. Isigulane sine-isibindi zikhulisiwe udakada, apho kuya kubakho iintlungu ngala mabhunga.

Iimpawu ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke ibakala opisthorchiasis. Kwisigaba nokoyika ziyabagulisa ngabona. Kwinqanaba ezigulo ezondeleyo - umonakalo kwi duodenum kunye wesibindi, kubangele iintlungu.

Iimpawu ziikati opisthorchiasis

uziqonde lokuqala helminthiasis ukuba isilwanyana egula nzima. Njengoko esi sifo cat ubunzima ukulahlekelwa, iinwele uba singcolile dlakadlaka, inwebu yangaphakathi kunye esikhumba icteric. Kwakhona, kukho ukuqhina okanye sorhudo kunye nokugabha. iikati esiswini kwandisa, kukho intlungu nexhala ngexesha Ngokucofa kwesibindi.

Iphiko Siberian: Treatment

Ukuqinisekisa opisthorchiasis, ukuhlola endleni kunye neziqulatho duodenal malunga nesigulane eso. Ukongezelela koko onyule i endoscopy, X-ray okanye ultrasound. Kuba unyango ebanzi usebenzisa amalungiselelo okukhupha iintshulube, kuba kuqheleke iphecana zesisu kunye neziyobisi ukuphucula nezifo. Kwisigaba etsolo, isigulane angatyumba ubuthi. Unyango desirably oluqhutywa kwiimeko ambulatory.

Prevention opisthorchiasis

Ukunqanda ezinokosulela cat Iphiko eSiberia, kufuneka enze ezinye iimfuno elula:

• Musa ukusebenzisa kakubi ngayo iintlanzi amatsha.
• Musa ukondla izilwanyana zasekhaya kunye zasendle fish ekrwada.
• Musa kungonakalisi amachibi ilindle.

Njengoko ubona, yonke into elula. Kuyenzeka ukuba sempilweni, ukuba balumke nangenyameko.