Ngayo ukuphuhlisa umntwana kunyaka omnye kuphela: imidlalo, imithambo, iikhathuni kunye neziphakamiso

Emva ukubhiyozela wokuzalwa wokuqala komntwana wabo, abazali baqalisa ukucinga ngendlela ixesha fast iimpukane. Ke into eninzi kuwo bacinga qatha engqondweni ukuba akakuphosi unexesha. Inyaniso yokuba umama kunye notata akayi kunivumela usana lwakhe besebancinane, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukubamba kwixesha elizayo, yaye maxa wambi engenakwenzeka. Kodwa njani ukuphuhlisa umntwana kunyaka-1? Yintoni ekufuneka ukuba uyenze kule ubudala, usana wakhulela kuphela smart, kodwa wonwabile kwaye ikhululekile? Indlela ukugcina imvisiswano ukuba ucaphuke kuphuhliso ekuqaleni lo mntwana? Zama ukuqonda lo ngumcimbi onobuzaza kakhulu yaye ebalulekileyo.

iimpawu nangokwasengqondweni abantwana kunyaka wesibini wobomi

Emva konyaka umntwana - oku akusekho ilele ngoxolo (okanye rhoqo ekhala) esiqhumeni kwi saso. Child ngexesha kwiinyanga zokuqala ezilishumi elinambini zobomi Iyakwazi isixa esikhulu yesakhono, kodwa ke elindele eminye kwesayensi. ngumncedi Great kule kuya kubakho iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi emfundo yabantwana kunyaka 1.

Kule minyaka, abantwana kunye ukuzimela kunye kukukhanuka wayenxanelwe ukufunda rhoqo bume bakhe bebonise uloyiko kunye namathandabuzo. Kubalulekile ukuba abazali bayancedwa ukuba yokujamelana neengxaki zokuqala umntwana wakho, oko kuya kumnceda ukuba abe ukoyika ukwenza izinto ezintsha, yaye, ke ngoko, impendulo yombuzo njani ukuphuhlisa umntwana unyaka 1, ziya kuza iyodwa. Abasafunda ukuhamba zilumkile kakhulu, bambeka phezu nohlobo nxanelwe ulwazi. Bazama esinokumxelisa ngayo yonke into ngabazali bakhe, yaye olu phawu - ithuba elikhulu lokukhuthaza umzekelo kuphuhliso komntwana entsha.

I zomzimba abantwana kweminyaka 1-2

Ngaphandle uphuhliso kakuhle usana sele ziqala ukuhamba. Enkulu manga ngabazali bakhe, ngenyanga enye emva kokuba amanyathelo okuqala yena iin- kakhulu siqinisekile ngaphandle uncedo, yaye omnye zambini - siqala ukusebenza. Isantya sokukhula kweli xesha lingancipha, umzimba echitha imithombo emikhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntwana ukuphuhlisa inkqubo. Ukubandakanya né wakhe, nolungelelaniso. Oku negalelo emidlalo imidlalo zokufundisa abantwana iminyaka 1-2 :

• imidlalo ibhola ;
• kwiiklasi eziqhutyelwa yezemidlalo okanye nemivalo eludongeni ;
• Ukutshaja ezilula umthambo zemithambo;
• siqubha yangasese enkulu okanye swimming pool.

Kule minyaka, kubaluleke kakhulu ayikokunqamla umsebenzi umzimba lo mntwana. Ukuhamba impepho - epakini kunye ezizodwa zokudlala abantwana - ithuba elikhulu kakhulu onokuyinika usana lwakho nokuninzi ukuba odiniweyo isebenza ngayo yaye babonise umoya yabo yophando. Indlela ukuphuhlisa umntwana unyaka 1, engezi nonxibelelwano nehlabathi elingaphandle?

Uphuhliso abantwana besebancinci kuba

Around lo mxholo lundanda inani elikhulu yeentsomi namabali. Abachasi kunye nabaxhasi lophuhliso yokuqala kwindawo kuchasene ngayo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba umntwana kufuneka afunde yonke into ngokwakhe xa kufika ixesha elifanelekileyo. Abanye ngokwenene bakholelwa ukuba usana kuba, nokuba kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubandakanyeka kuqeqesho phantse ukusuka ekuzalweni (ukuxhasa le ngcamango, ootitshala ukudala izinto ezikhethekileyo yayisetyenziselwa, imidlalo zokufundisa abantwana ukususela kunyaka-1 kwiwadi zabo).

Izazinzulu e umbono wabo icacile: umntwana - yinto iphepha olungenanto ephepheni. ingqondo yakhe kukwazi ukusikhumbula zivalele imali enkulu yolwazi, ngoko kutheni basebenzise eli, kwaye kunye nolwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze self-nkonzo, kungekhona ukuze uncede umntwana afunde oko ngokukhawuleza, musa ukufundisa ukuba ukwahlula phakathi imibala, iimilo kunye nezilwanyana kwiminyaka 4-5?

Montessori School

Enye endaweni ethandwa kakhulu kwi pedagogy ekuqaleni yinkqubo Montessori, anokufundiswa abazali ngayo ukuphuhlisa umntwana unyaka-1. Yenziwe ngu Italian Maria Montessori kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane XX, le nkqubo ifumene amarhamente kumazwe amaninzi. Yintoni na? Ekuqaleni, Maria Montessori wasebenza abantwana ezahlukahlukeneyo ukulibaziseka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ziye zasetyenziswa ukuze imfundo iindlela zayo abantwana abasempilweni ngokupheleleyo.

Kule ndlela, ootitshala kunye kwengqondo bafundise usana ukuthatha izigqibo, kuba ezizimeleyo izigwebo kunye nezenzo zakhe, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ukuthobela imithetho eyamkelekileyo kunye nezithethe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba zokudlala njengoko abo amaqela apho abantwana inxaxheba kule nkqubo, akukho. Kukho akunakwenzeka ukufumana umpu umatshini okanye unodoli, phezu koko, oonyana bengasetyenziswa kwaye nokufunda. Bancede kule zokudlala fun for abantwana iminyaka 1-2:

• ngedayisi;
• iphiramidi;
• sorter;
• iiphazili;
• izixhobo zomculo.

Iiklasi Montessori zibandakanya uphuhliso lwezakhono self-uncedo umntwana, oko kukuthi, usana kufuneka bafunde ukuba badlale ngayo, ukuba badle, basele. Ukuba abazali kunye namakhaya ngendlela ngqo le migaqo, umntwana ukhulela self-ezaneleyo umntu ukuba umntwana agonywe imithetho zonxibelelwano eluntwini. Olu sana uyakwazi ukumelana neemeko zongquzulwano nangesidima, azishiye.

EMoscow kwakhona kwasekwa amaziko emfundo ekhethekileyo abantwana ukususela kunyaka-1, ngokusekelwe kwimfundo Montessori: "Steps", "Montessori Garden", "Ekuqaleni Development Club" esitratweni. Mills kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ngaba uze kusithuthumbisa na itakane?

Uphuhliso lwemfundo yabasaqalayo - akukho asiyonkqubo ilula le bobabini usana kunye nabazali bakhe. Ukukhetha ukuziphatha Elinye iqhinga, idala imithetho nemimiselo ethile, musa bawela esilingweni ndize ndimke kwikhosi elimisiweyo.

Xa abazali ukuba bazikhethele umbuzo obalulekileyo ngokuphathelele ikamva inzala yabo: "Ukuvelisa umntwana ekhaya, kunyaka-1 - Yiyo le elifanelekileyo," - kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uMama noTata basebenza kunye naye. Xa kungekho tyala akakwazi ukuya kude kakhulu, okanye enye into uyakwazi ukufikelela nomkhwezeli - umntwana luvaleka ngokwayo. Kule minyaka, umntu omncinane ufunda izinto ezininzi ngokusebenzisa bemilo yothelekiso, oosinga, yaye kuphela ngendlela umdlalo. Ngoko ke, nkqu imidlalo zokufundisa kubantwana abaneminyaka 1-2 ubudala kufuneka umdla umntwana.

Ngexesha self-phando akuyomfuneko ukuba uma- umntwana; ukuba yena akanamdla, uziva okubi okanye axakeke enye into ebalulekileyo kuye - kufuneka kumnika ezininzi kwanele. Imfundo athwale kuphela iziqhamo ziya xa indawo kusemnandi indawo efanelekileyo kunye nomfundi (umntwana) kunye notitshala wakhe (unina). Koko le nkqubo iya kuzisa ubumnandi, kakade, isiphumo, nto leyo lide ukulinda! Abazali abaninzi badidekile umbuzo wokuba abantwana abakule minyaka yobudala angabukela cartoons? Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, ukukhusela ngokupheleleyo umntwana evela iingenelo impucuko mihla cishe kungenakwenzeka, kodwa ukuba ungaya umba ngengqondo ukunika umntwana wakho ithuba lokuba ukubukela cartoons emfundo yabantwana iminyaka 1-3 ubudala, kodwa ixesha elide, yaye ukuba kufanelekile kukwaluphala, akukho nto yoyikekayo kuya kwenzeka .

Yintoni ukudlala?

Emva konyaka, abantwana baqala ukwenza amanyathelo yokuqala elihle kwezentlalo, yabo. Bafunda ukuba badlale kunye nomama wakhe, kumntakwabo okanye udade wabo. I ekhulile umntwana lowo umkhulu uba isangqa bakhe kwezentlalo. Livela abahlobo abatsha kwiindawo zokudlalela, wavuya ukuqwalasela kubo, uyayiphulaphula kwaye azame nje ukubukela umdlalo abanye abantwana, kodwa kwakhona ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo.

Ngeli xesha, imidlalo zokufundisa abantwana ukususela kunyaka-1 ziyahluka. Kubalulekile ukuba umntwana akwazi ukuphuhlisa izakhono motor, oku ukwenza ezinye izifundo ezilula (phantsi kweliso labazali babo!);

• Ukuhlela iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo - kunokwenzeka ukuba amaso ezinkulu, izinto zendalo (chestnuts, walnuts), pompons. Bona ubomi umbala owahlukileyo okanye uburhabaxa, umntwana kufuneka kwandiswa izinto kwi neengcedevu ezahlukeneyo okanye iiseli.
• KweGazi, ukulala - lo ngumba obaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni komntwana. Ukudlala ngamanzi nesanti entshukumo, iisiriyeli - fun and luncedo, iphuhlisa unyamezelo kunye nokucinga lwesithuba.
• Drawing - umntu kufuneka silindele ukuba umntwana uza kudala wobugcisa, kodwa nkqubo iya yolisondeza kuThixo, babe abazali bakhe. U nga tshinela nantoni - itshokhwe, iipensile, iipeyinti (penlight, gouache, lemifanekiso).

Le misebenzi yophuhliso kuza kunceda ukubonisa umntwana wakho umahluko phakathi uya ezinkulu nezincinci abantwana kunyaka-1 ubudala, bafunda ukuqaphela zabo njengokungathi oyivileyo, oko inegalelo kuphuhliso zentetho.

Musa ukulibala malunga imidlalo mobile. Xa umntwana banokufunda ukwenza umthambo elula: mbonise indlela ekuchopheni, ukuya indawo badlala ngeebhola ze abe nobukhulu obahlukeneyo.

Indlela ukudlala?

abazali basoloko befuna le zokudlala ogqibeleleyo ezilahlekileyo nokuthengela zonke emgceni. Ukubonelela inkululeko enjalo umntwana ukhetho usebenze. Ngenxa yobudala bakhe wayengekho nokuba nako ukwenza Yiphelise xa into enye, ngakumbi abo. iithoyi zokufundisa abantwana ukususela kunyaka-1 kufuneka babe sekhaya ngokuyimfuneko, kodwa ukukhawulelana ubudala kunye nenqanaba nophuhliso, kwakunye obonelela umntwana - yimfuneko. Yintoni sinikeza:

• iityhubhu, umyili "Town";
• iphiramidi ezahlukeneyo;
• iiphazili zomthi, isakhelo-ethwala;
• Sorter iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo - kunye namanani zejiyometri, izilwanyana, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno;
• umhlanganisi iziqalelo ezinkulu;
• soke enkulu (iplastiki, Imagnethi yomhlaba okanye imithi);
• oonopopi, alimele;
• oomatshini ithembekile, kuquka pushers.

Ngamanye amaxesha ingcamango luncedo oko ukudlala abazali kunye nomntwana, ukhonza cartoons emfundo abantwana ukususela kunyaka-1. abalinganiswa zabo, kwakunye nefom non-izifaka lemfundo inceda umntwana ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ezakwenziwe malunga zokudlala.

Ukufunda ukuthetha

Kulo nyaka amatakane amaninzi isigama ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo ikuvumela ukugcina unxibelelwano kunye nonina. Uyazi ukuba ngubani na oya kuthi neqembu yakhe, onokubacela ukuba adle, asele, ukuvakalisa imvume okanye ingqumbo. Kunyaka olandelayo luphawu - isigama somntwana liya kukhula nge ephala, oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubazali ngokwabo. Xa umntwana kufuneka uthethe naye ukuba bakhe bachaze ukuba zonke iinkqubo, kodwa ukuyenza ngolwimi olufikelelekayo olulula.

A ngumncedi enkulu kule kukho cartoons emfundo abantwana ukususela kunyaka 1 iingoma ezimfutshane kunye nezicengcelezo. izicengcelezo zabo elula kunye namagama alula of lula kwasephakadeni, abantu abevanga, kunye indibanisela isandi kunye nomfanekiso yenza umntwana ngokukhawuleza afunde amagama abalinganiswa nezenzo zabo.

Le ncwadi - best friend ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yobomi!

Ukuze unokubenza bakuthande ukufunda umntwana omncinci kakhulu kulula kakhulu kwiminyaka kamva. kushicilelwa uncwadi Modern omhle kubantwana abaselula kakhulu. amaphepha ashinyeneyo ngekhadibhodi, imifanekiso ezinkulu nomfanekiso ocacileyo kwaye akukho namalungu amancinane - iimfuno ukuba ibe nazo incwadi umntwana. Kaloku, uluhlu ababhali kumba kakhulu:

• Elena Blaginina.
• Boris Zakhoder.
• Korney Chukovsky.
• Agniya Barto kunye ababhali nabanye abantwana abaninzi elikhulu.

cartoons Educational for kids

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukubukela cartoons esemncinane kunokwenzeka kuphela inani eliqingqiweyo. Ukuze cartoons zange mnandi kuphela umntwana, kodwa iluncedo, kufuneka zikhethwe ngobulumko. Ezinkundleni namhlanje ngayo inani labo enkulu yazo zonke ezithandwa kunye ubudala, kodwa kuya kuba luncedo ngokwenene yintoni uhlobo cartoons emfundo yabantwana iminyaka 1-3 ubudala?

Phakathi kakhulu ethandwa kukho amabali amafutshane: "Le lori Leva", "Makazi Owl", "uFudo-Aha Aha", "Tini Lav". Kwakhona kuluncedo kakhulu cartoons ezinceda ekufundiseni iileta, imibala, iimilo, izilwanyana, yaye amagama ezinto.

Yiba creative!

Ngelo xesha, xa usana oye wafunda ukuhlala, ihlabathi elimangalisayo wavula phambi kwakhe. Wakwazi ukujonga indawo yakhe entsha, nokuba ezinomdla kakhulu ebemncinane, xa athe wangena. Umama kufuneka sijonge rhoqo ukuba kuyiwe kwimithombo emitsha ekunokufunyanwa nokuqonda ukuze umntwana wakhe kanye nobuchule - sixhobo sigqibeleleyo oku.

Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala umntwana kwakhona ukuba ukuzoba, ukwenza ekulolongeni, wenze isicelo kwaye kuqokelela umbangi wawo, ukuba afundise ukuba umfanekiso zayimosaic, kwaye wabakhuthaza iminqweno yakhe yendalo.

amaziko ophuhliso abantwana ukususela kunyaka-1 abaqhuba le mithambo. Phakathi oomama eyaziwayo kuvela: "Rainbow", "kaMoses", "Imbovane." Kubalulekile ukuba ngoku, isixa esikhulu for kids kakhulu dopey izinto - yinto non-ityhefu iipeyinti umnwe, intlabathi emboxo, udongwe ekhuselekileyo. amaqela amaninzi kakhulu kuphuhliso yokwenza befaka zemigrayo ityuwa, le idayi umbala ukutya.

Umntwana okugqithileyo

Ewe, uphuhliso evumelanayo umntwana akakwazi abe yedwa. Ukuvala lo mntwana indlu, umda unxibelelwano lwakhe, akunakwenzeka ukuba silindele ukuba impumelelo enkulu. Kakade ke, unako ukwenza uphuhliso yakho yengqondo, umntwana nje uza kunyanzeleka ukuba enze oko abazali uyinikele.

Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yokufunda kakhulu ngokukhawuleza yaye ngakumbi ngendalo kwenzeka ntoni xa umntwana eluntwini. Ngoko unako ukufunda into luncedo nje kuphela abazali uthande kakhulu-, kodwa kwizalamane zabo, abanye abantwana kwiziza, kule midlalo kumagumbi namaziko ophuhliso kwangethuba.

LweMfundo yaBantwana aBasaqalayo - holide!

Olima mihla umntwana ubungqondi elizayo, abazali kufuneka bakhumbule ukuba ngokuyintloko benza yona ngokwabo. Umntwana, ingakumbi eyingwevu ezincinane ezinjalo, akuyomfuneko ingqalelo jikelele, akazi kufuneka ukwazi oonobumba kunye netafile phindo. Kangangoko nayiphi mama efana kunye notata ukuba itakane babo bephumelela ebomini, akubonakali uya kuphumelela ngaphandle ukonwaba enoba, akakhathazeki kunye kuphole.