Ngamaplanga: ubungakanani (GOST). ubukhulu Umgangatho ngamaplanga

ngamaplanga lokuqala baqalisa ukwenza emva kwinkulungwane yama-19. Okwangoku, le nto eqhelekileyo kakhulu esetyenziselwa uhombiso ngaphakathi, ukwakhiwa isakhiwo izakhiwo, xa ifenitshala, ukupakisha, yokudlala yokuvelisa, njalo njalo. D. kushishino Modern uvelisa ngamaplanga eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Imilinganiso kweemakhishithi kunye ubukhulu bazo ubungakanani umgangatho lo myalezo neendleko zayo.

Yintoni na le nto

Ngamaplanga luqulathe kwiiseli ezininzi ngokwenene njo ngendlela yokuba imicu ngokwemaleko ezikufutshane ezi nkqo. Ngoko, yena, ndayihluthwa kubakho iingxaki eziphambili beenkuni - ukukwazi ukuzivula, naxa lokoluka. Kakade ke, njengoko ekwenziweni ucwecwe kusetyenziswa imichiza, yaye ngokukodwa, izakhi okanye karbomidformaldeginye yokuncamathelisa, iinkuni ukhuseleko yemo engqongileyo kakhulu ophantsi.

Ubukhulu standard

Xa uthenge le nto kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngokuyintloko ubude, ububanzi sheets. Uya kufumana kakhulu umgangatho ngamaplanga ubukhulu ezivenkileni. sheet ezinjalo lula ukufaka kunye nezithuthi. Standard ubude GOST ngamaplanga - 2,44 m, ububanzi -. 1.22 m kwaye sheets nazo kuveliswa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi. uhlobo eqhelekileyo ye ngamaplanga ngu 1,525 m ububanzi (njenge square). amaxwebhu ungaba kuze leemitha 3,66. Ngaloo ngamaplanga ubungakanani umgangatho - 2,44 x 1.22 m.

Inokuba yintoni ubukhulu

Kakade ke, ubude nobubanzi - asingabo oku kungenziwa kuphela, nto leyo inokwahluka ngamaplanga. Enye into ebalulekileyo - ke ubukhulu balo. Ekwenziweni kwezinto zokubopha ifenitshala, umzekelo, kusetyenziswa amaphepha kunokuba obhityileyo. Xa ndiwufezile umsebenzi, kwakunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kusetyenziswa ngamaplanga mkhulu kakhulu. Ubukhulu malunga oku kuxhomekeka kwinani lamanqanaba kunye ububanzi lilize.

Ukukhutshwa ngamaplanga ozibandakanye neenkampani eqhelekileyo kunye namashishini, ezizodwa. Kwimeko yokuqala zokufunda wenza Ebubanzini mm-3 ukuya kwi-30. Kule inyathelo phakathi amaxabiso malunga ne-3 mm. Elalenziwe kwiinkampani ezizodwa kuquka "lweenqwelo" ngamaplanga, nezinyuko apho - lo gama kugcinwe amandla - kunokuba encinane kakhulu.

Yintoni ukufuna ukwazi

Enyama na kumiselwa kuquka ulwalathiso ifayibha ejongene zikhabane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba zibekwe ecaleni, oko kukuthi, ubude sheet. Kodwa maxa wambi kukho embodiments apho imicu zibhekiswa Ububanzi. Kulo mzekelo, ubungakanani ngokwenene iboniswe ubude prostanovkoy kwindawo yesibini. Kubonakala ngathi le nto - 1.22 x 2,44 m sheet eqhelekileyo kunye nolwalathiso eqhelekileyo ubungakanani ifayibha iboniswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:. - 2,44 x 1.22 m.

Inani kweengqimba ngamaplanga

Le rate angayitshintsha kwakho. Noko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo iimakhishithi babe inani elingumnqakathi lamanqanaba (ubuncinane ezintathu). Maxa wambi kusetyenziswa ekwenziweni ngokwenene ukusuka zohlobo olufanayo beenkuni, ngamanye amaxesha - eyahlukeneyo. Ingaphandle Ukujamelana akholisa ezenziwe kakhulu izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Embindini oku ingabekwa isitya embi kwaphela. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuthengiswa kwenzeka kunye ngamaplanga omnye kuphela kwizinga eliphezulu zangaphandle. Kulo mzekelo, icala wetshati kuthiwa baxhaswa.

grade ezibonakalayo

Ngoko ke nayiphi na injongo kufuneka ngamaplanga. Ubukhulu, ubukhulu kunye nenani lamanqanaba - hayi iparameters kuphela ingqalelo xa uthenga. Bona kwakhona kufuneka kwamagama okanye nesikhundla wokwamanani njenge umaleko zibheke. Okwangoku, ngokutsho GOST 30427-96, kukho ezine kuphela iintlobo ngamaplanga:

• A - Class. Kulo mzekelo, kukho phezu komhlaba kudweliso nokunyamezela amaqhina ezintathu ezincinane nge-1 m ^2. Kuyinto ngamaplanga kakuhle kakhulu isetyenziswa ikakhulu ngenxa umhombiso lweziqalelo noshowo kwezakhiwo.
• In - ibanga lesibini. Amaqhina kwi ngamaplanga kunokuba ukuya ku-10 nganye-1 m ^2. Le nto ulingana kancinane top-lweenotshi.
• C - a kwibanga lesithathu. Le ngamaplanga isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukulungiselela ukwenziwa izikhongozeli okanye noyilo ezifihliweyo.
• D - ibanga wesine. Olu hlobo kwakhona isetyenziswa ikakhulu kushishino ukuphakheja le.

Oku ukumakishwa isetyenziswa ngoku, kodwa kugqalwa lixesha. Ngoko ke, iintlobo kwileyibhile nga kutyunjwe nje neenyumerali Latin mna IV. Ileta E kwi zokuphawula omtsha wayibhiyozela mbandela ulungileyo elite.

Ubukhulu 10 mm ngamaplanga

Le yeyona ndlela ithandwayo mbandela. Sebenzisa oku ngamaplanga kakhulu ekwakheni ukwakhiwa kunye nokuveliswa yokwakha iimvulophu, kuquka ukuba wenza ngazo.

ubukhulu ngamaplanga 10 mm zinokuba nomahluko. Noko ke, njengawuphi na ubukhulu, adla ithengiswe ize isetyenziswe standard sheets 2,44 x 1.22 m.

Ezahlukahlukeneyo ukumelana amanzi

Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo le nto. Kulo mzekelo, i ngamaplanga kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukukwazi ukugcina intsebenzo zazo kumanqanaba angafaniyo ukufuma. Umgangatho umbandela kule ndawo ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kulu wakhethwa ukuze veneers nimanyane.

Zokuphawula zokumelana amanzi:

• FC - izinto ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zangaphakathi kwiindawo ezomileyo. Asinto ngamaplanga kakhulu amanzi ezingatshiyo, kodwa nokusingqongileyo awona. Kulo mzekelo, i Ingaphandle semali yokuncamathelisa ezisekelwe nentlaka urea-formaldehyde.
• Commons - ngamaplanga emanzini-nemithi, imilinganiselo leyo isenokuba umgangatho okanye hayi. Le ngobuwena sele nobulukhuni enkulu kunye namandla ngoomatshini ngaphezu FC. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngokwenza umsebenzi wangaphandle, umzekelo, xa iyunithi isiseko phantsi kophahla. Zomaleko ngendlela izinto ezinjalo iyalungiswa usebenzisa yokuncamathelisa ezisekelwe nentlaka formaldehyde.
• FOF - ngamaplanga elaminethiweyo. Kulo mzekelo oomaleko engaphandle Ukongezelela unamathela neemakhishithi zabo ezizodwa ifilimu nje kuphela ukhuseleko esihle ukufuma, kodwa nokubhenca UV kwakunye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zosasazo entsimbini.

Umahluko kwiqondo processing

Ukongeza, ngamaplanga, ubungakanani kunye neqondo ukuxhathisa yamanzi oluno ezahlukeneyo, kodwa eyahlukileyo kumgangatho nokusingathwa zikhabane yobuso. Kulo mba, izinto zihlelwe ngolu hlobo:

• SH1 - loluhlu emhlabeni omnye kuphela - ngaphambili - ngapha;
• R2 - besila yenzelwa kumacala omabini;
• NSH - ngamaplanga ekrwada.

ukhuni Species

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, lo ngamaplanga singenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kunokuba kuba Conifers kunye nemithi avuthulukayo. Kwimeko yokuqala, eziqhele ukusetyenziswa umsipres nompleyini okanye nespruce. Ukususela hardwoods (ezinde, beech, basswood) i ngamaplanga ngqongqo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuba eyimveliso izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye neenkuni yimvula - gobun, meranti, Lathan. umdla kakhulu ke ezahlukeneyo ngamaplanga zokuhombisa. Kulo mzekelo umaleko yangaphambili zenziwe cherry, beech okanye emterebhintini.

Ngamaplanga: Ubungakanani kunye namaxabiso

Kakade ke, phezu ubungakanani sheets iya kuxhomekeka kwixabiso eziphathekayo. Kukokona babulingana nesandla, ubude nobubanzi, iphepha ebiza kakhulu. Ichaphazela ixabiso nebakala ngamaplanga. Ngokomzekelo, izinto kuphawulwa unobumba D 1.52 x 1.52 m, iya kuxabisa malunga 210-250 p. unekhasi elisezantsi ezinkulu efanayo Class 6.5 mm - 1000 p. Option kwi mm 12 liya kuxabisa malunga 1300-1500 engange. Ophezulu ezikumgangatho ngamaplanga 2.1 cm iya kuxabisa engange 2,000.

Indlela ukukhetha imathiriyeli ekwakheni indlu lizwe

Ngamaplanga, ubukhulu kunye namanani apho zihlobene, ukuze zisetyenziswe ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. iindawo imifuziselo isicelo kulo mzekelo:

• iindonga isakhelo khazi ngaphandle udaka. Kule meko kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa uphawu eziphathekayo FSS ubuncinane 9 mm zamafu.
• Sheathing izidumbu ngaphakathi. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kuba kwakhona ngamaplanga SDF efanelekileyo.
• Ifowuni eqinileyo phantsi battens kophahla. Yenziwe kwakhona le SDF. Ubukhulu ngokwenene ne kakhulu umgangatho. ubudeki balo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-9 mm kwi izixhaso inyathelo-30 cm, 12 mm - kwi-60 cm, 18 mm - 90 cm.
• Ezifulelwe ngamaplanga amagumbi eziqhelekileyo encotsheni zokwambathisa evela ngaphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, oku kusetyenziswa FC kwibakala ucwecwe yesibini, ubukhulu ngokwaneleyo.
• Kulungelelaniso imigangatho ezindala ngamaplanga. Ekubeni ngamaplanga SDF uya kukhupha umphunga formaldehyde eziyingozi, ukuba enze imisebenzi efana ukhetho best ukusebenzisa FC. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi amaxwebhu oko walala amanzi.

Njengoko ubona, ngamaplanga, babulingana nesandla, umgangatho kunye nemilinganiselo esenokuba ezahlukeneyo, - impahla phantse jikelele, ukuba yokusebenza egqwesileyo kwaye elula ndawonye.