Momordica: ukulima kunye nokhathalelo ekhaya, iifoto

Engaqhelekanga engaqhelekanga njenge umazibuthe ezitsala begadi, abalimi kunye namafama. Yi, yekhokhonathi,-orenji kunye lemon imithi - konke oku iye yaba zizinto eziqhelekileyo emakhayeni ethu kunye zokuhlala. Kodwa, kholwa ndim, ukuba ihlabathi izityalo aziyifumani kukudinwa kusimangalise. Nikelani ingqalelo umdiliya yelanga kunye negama engaqhelekanga "Momordica". Wakhulela kwikhaya Exotic kakhulu kunokwenzeka, enyanisweni, ungafumana iziqhamo emangalisayo kunye ezityiwayo. Funda inqaku malunga imfuneko yale.

uhlobo

Othi "Momordica" wawuhlanganisa uhlobo lwezityalo sokubandakanyeka Cucurbitaceae usapho kwaye iquka iintlobo ezimalunga nama-20. Bonke bephela imidiliya afumileyo ezikhula ngonyaka njengokuntshula ese Australia, eAfrika Asia. Kulinywa kwaye ngokubanzi ingqalelo iintlobo ezimbini: Momordica charantia kunye china cochin.

Momordica charantia

lokuzalwa yoNyaka umdiliya ukuya kumahlathi ashinyeneyo laseAsiya. Nokulinywa ehlabathini lonke kwiindawo kwimozulu ezishushu. Sikhula isityalo ukuya kwiimitha 4 ubude, isiphathele isiqu-5 shape- engqindilili cirri ezilula vee longitudinal. Ihamba ifomu zokuhombisa, elirhangqiweyo, ngokunzulu dissected kubude petiole cm-1 ukuya ku-7, intyatyambo emthubi, i-sembali ezintlanu. iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziqhamo kumphezulu rough, intsumpa kunye imibimbi - kuyinto apho zazisa momordica. ekhaya Ukukhulisa ukusuka imbewu kunokwenzeka kunye nokudalwa iimeko ezimbini eziphambili - ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunye nobushushu.

Iziqhamo babe incasa ekrakra. Ukuze ayibulale nto, yokuba tixi iiyure ezimbalwa ngamanzi ngetyuwa. Emva koko, kwisityu imifuno, kuphekwa ezinkonxiweyo nezingankonxwanga. It uneempawu ezibalaseleyo. Umzekelo, beta-carotene e Momordica izihlandlo-2 ngaphezu broccoli.

Momordica cochin china

EVietnam, ikwabizwa ngokuba "hook". isityalo ukwenyuka yonyaka kunye namagqabi amathathu-ezazinemidla kunye nefomu enkulu iziqhamo ellipsoid. It ngenkuthalo kusetyenziswa amayeza emveli oriental ngenxa eninzi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo: carotene, glycosides, lycopene, sapotoksina, tocopherol, asidi kubalulekile okunamafutha. Kuyinto izihlandlo ezili-15 ngaphezulu beta-carotene ngaphezu iikherothi eziqhelekileyo. Luthe lwahluma kwimimandla ekumzantsi belingana kunye imboniselo yangaphambili.

momordika ezikhulayo iimeko ezifana ngokwemvelo, ngokubanzi ngokulula ukusungulwa kwelo gumbi, phezu balcony, phezu Terrace, kwi somculo, yaye kwindawo evulekileyo (kwimimandla ekumazantsi). Ukongeza iingenelo leziqhamo, nani ufumana uyolo ubuhle ukusuka imidiliya ezintle kunye ngamagqabi amakhulu kunye neentyatyambo aqholiweyo.

Khulisa le sityalo ongaqhelekanga ayikho nje kunzima njengoko kusenokubonakala xa uqala kuqala, oomatshini yezolimo kule meko ifana kakhulu naleyo esisondeleyo zawo - ithanga zucchini. Okwangoku, kukho iingongoma ezimbalwa ekufuneka sinikele ingqalelo.

unyango imbewu

izinto ukutyala Quality evela kumenzi enokuthenjwa - oku apho kufuneka uqale, kungenjalo buyakwazi emva kokulinda ixesha elide akazange momordica. Ukulinywa nenyameko ekhaya luqala ukulungiswa kunye imboni. Ahluke ubukhulu enkulu ngokwaneleyo (1.1-1.5 cm ubude kunye 1 cm ububanzi) kunye iqokobhe ashinyeneyo zamafu. Form imbewu ploskookrugloy elintlangothi ezitsolo kunye nomphezulu alatyuzayo. Ukuze imbewu intshule ngempumelelo zifuna scarification, ngamanye ezonakeleyo lwangaphandle ngqongqo zoomatshini. Kuba oku olunencam imbewu miri sandpaper, ukuze amanzi elangena ngaphakathi ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhululekileyo kuvulwa.

Emva koko, hlala izinto ulimayo isisombululo ebomvu ezimnyama potassium permanganate iiyure 3-4. Oku disinfects nje kuphela, kodwa lukwakhuthaza ukuntshula kunye nophuhliso. Emva ukulungiselela kwimbuphu yesarha ofumileyo (best ukusebenzisa isikhongozeli enesiciko, ezifana, ngokomzekelo, ukusuka ikeyiki) kunye nendawo kubo imbewu bujikelwe ngeqhiya. Thatha indawo efudumeleyo (+24 ... + 25 ° C) de ekuntshuleni. Ezi meko igalelo phantse-100% ekuntshuleni. Momordica (kulinywe kunye nokugcinwa kuya kuxoxwa ngazo iinkcukacha apha) izivingco ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa avareji iintsuku 2-3 on.

Ukukhulisa thombo

Xa imbewu aqandusele, ngoko nangoko kufuneka ufakwe kwi umxube komhlaba uzilungiselele. Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa iimbiza ezahlukeneyo enobubanzi abamalunga ne-10 cm. Zalisa nabo kumhlaba kwivenkile (ungasebenzisa i ezizodwa ekutyaleni) okanye pre-walungisa ngokuzimeleyo. Kule Umxube xa om-1: 1: 1: umhlaba 0.5 igqabi, umgquba, wamatye nesanti ngokulandelelana. kubunzulu imbewu -. 1.5 cm I-pre-ugalele umhlaba, uzibeke emphethweni, ngoko ulifefe emhlabeni owomileyo. iimbiza Top ipholithini ukuvala uyibeke kwindawo efudumeleyo. Kuya kuthatha iintsuku ezi-3-4 ukuya momordica yahluma. Ukukhula nokunyamekela izityalo kwixesha lula kwixesha elizayo.

Umhlaba kufuneka zigcinwe likarhulumente emanzi, kodwa ukugcwalisa. Izityalo ekuphuhliseni ngokupheleleyo kufuneka ahlale kubushushu ubuncinane +20 ° C. Ngamaxesha athile (ka-2 ngenyanga) izithole ivundiswe nesisombululo izimbiwa kunye neemveliso organic naye. Musa ukulibala ukuba ngexesha ukukhula isichumisi rates yesicelo imidiliya kwiimeko kwigumbi kufuneka ukubala ngokungqinelana umthamo isiqaqa zodongwe. Landela umthamo kanye, kungenjalo ungafaka iingcambu.

Momordica: kulinywe kunye nokhathalelo ekhaya

Tshintsha for isithombo imbiza nekucetyiswa ukuba ixesha ufikelela umphakamo we-25 cm. Lungisa amandla enkulu kunye ukufakelwa Momordica. Ngoko nangoko ukuthatha unonophelo indawo esisigxina kuba kuyo indlu okanye ibhalkhoni. Qaphela ukuba isityalo ongabunyamezeliyo umthunzi, kodwa ilanga kunye eliqaqambileyo ukukhanya. Lungisa i trellis kunye nenkxaso Izidiliya. Kunye nophuhliso olufanelekileyo kunye nokukhula nenye uyakwazi qhina polbalkona ubuncinane.

Ukuba usukelo lwakho - ukufumana isityalo, ngoko izokhula akufuneki ibe isithsaba. Ukuya kumgangatho we-50 cm susa onke amasebe icala, uze ushiye isiqu main 2-3. Kwathi kamsinya nje baqalise ukucwangcisa iziqhamo, incam kufuneka prischipnut (ngokuthi umzekeliso ukulima ithanga). Iintyatyambo nemidiliya amadoda kunye nabafazi, ngoko ukuyilwa isizalo kufuna uvuvuzelo. Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, lo msebenzi wenziwa izinambuzane umungu eyenziweyo kufuneka idluliselwe kunye ibrashi. Ukunkcenkceshela ngexesha iintsuku ezishushu kunye imihla unesisa, ngomhla imini yamafu - njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Nge cucumber kunye nepanspek momordica (ukulinywa nokugcinwa, ifoto okubhaliweyo) kuyafana ngeendlela ezininzi. Kuquka sesichengeni izifo ezithile kunye nezinambuzane, ezizezi: angumgubo nangexoshomba, ukubola emhlophe, nangembabala yebhaktiriya kunye iintwala. Unobangela kukuba kaninzi umoya owomileyo kakhulu. izityalo Homeland - le ndawo, apho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu okukufutshane edibene nokufuma phezulu emoyeni. Ngoko ke, izityalo itshizwe rhoqo sebusuku okanye ngonyezi, ubeke phezu kwivaranda isikhongozeli ngamanzi, ngokuthe ngcembe uya ngumphunga. Esinye isizathu esinokuba - kukutshintshatshintsha kobushushu ukuzikhusela, zama ukugcina avareji ixabiso imihla +20 ... + 25 ° C, ubushushu singaphantsi-10 ° C for momordika kakhulu yingozi.

Imichiza ukugaywa sebenzisa ngokufanayo cucumber: "Topaz", "Quadris", "EDC", "Tiovit Jet" kunye nabanye.

Isivuno nokusetyenziswa kwayo

Momordica, ukulima kunye nokhathalelo nto leyo entsonkothileyo kakhulu Onika isiqhamo-ezifana emangalisayo imilo kunye nombala, kunye nemvakalo. Qokelela kucetyiswa imihla yabo 8-10 emva kokuhluma, ngeli thuba ke musa abangekabinazo ubukrakra isici. Ukongeza, uyayivuselela ukwakheka ngakumbi zamaqanda. iziqhamo ezininzi kakhulu buthathaka isityalo. Isivuno ingasetyenziswa ngokwengqiqo yalo - ukupheka, nasentweni ephekiweyo, pickle. ozikhethayo ukunambitheka ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ifana marrows yemifuno exotic.

Fruits ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ingakumbi iyeza abantu Sino-Tibetan ukunyanga uluhlu olubanzi izifo: izifo sentliziyo, ukutsha, izilonda, isifo seswekile, ukunciphisa cholesterol njalo njalo ..

Momordica: ukulinywa kunye nokhathalelo lwe Urals

Umbuzo wokuba ingaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kukhula Exotic kwindawo umbindi kunye Urals, kuvamile kakhulu. Ngokumalunga ndlela ichazwe ngentla-ekhaya, ngoko ke, umgaqo, yinto efanelekileyo ukuba nawuphi na ummandla zemozulu, ukuba nemali eninzi ubushushu nokukhanya. Kodwa ke, njengoko le nkqubo kunye namava kumafama, Momordica kwi Urals zingalinywa endle okanye zokugcina.

Oku kusetyenziswa kuphela isithombo indlela. Xa izityalo ekhanyayo ezityalwe kumgama 50-70 cm ukusuka kwenye xa kusekwa yokulala ashushu (ubuncinane ka-15 ... + 17 ° C). care Further kubandakanya ziba, kuqhina ukuya trellis kunye ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo luninzi.